"Three natures and nine articles" is an important standard to measure rare books of ancient books.
The "three natures" of rare books;
It means that books should have high historical relics, academic materials and artistic reproducibility.
The "Nine Articles" of rare books mainly include:
(1) Books carved and copied in and before the Yuan Dynasty;
② Books engraved and copied in Ming Dynasty;
(3) There are few block prints and manuscripts before Qianlong in Qing Dynasty;
(4) Books published by the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom and the peasant revolutionary regimes of past dynasties;
⑤ Before the Revolution of 1911, there were manuscripts with unique opinions or school characteristics in academic research, and there were also few versions and manuscripts that were circulated;
⑥ Manuscripts, prints and manuscripts that reflect the information of a certain period, a certain field or an event before the Revolution of 1911;
⑦ Before the Revolution of 1911, famous scholars recognized, inscribed or recorded the printed copies and manuscripts that were recognized by predecessors and had reference value;
(eight) all kinds of movable type printed copies, overprinted copies or block-printed copies with fine-proofreading prints and illustrations that reflect the development of ancient printing;
Pet-name ruby Ming dynasty printed spectrum, ancient printed spectrum in Qing dynasty, famous seal cutting printed spectrum, unique handwritten inscriptions, etc.
What do you mean by a rare book?
Rare books refer to rare ancient books, precious manuscripts, unique books and precious documents that have been carefully engraved, printed, copied and proofread.
Pinyin of rare books: shàn běn n The original concept of rare books refers to books that have been strictly collated and have no textual errors. Source: Old News of Quyi compiled by Zhu said: Mu Bochang, a Song Dynasty man, studied ancient Chinese, but he had to learn Korean and Liu Shanben. He wanted to publish two collections in the world, so he carved his own version and buried it in Suoguo Temple.