Cixi (1835165438+1October 29th-1908 65438+1October 15) is the queen, Ye La, the concubine of Emperor Xianfeng. An important political figure and actual ruler in the late Qing Dynasty.
/kloc-entered the palace in 0/852, and was named Lan Guiren (Yi Guiren was recorded in the Qing draft). The following year, he was named the imperial concubine; Born in 1856, the eldest son of the emperor, Aisingiorro Zai Chun (Tongzhi Emperor), was Jin Fenggui, and the following year was Jin Fenggui; 186 1 After the death of Emperor Xianfeng, she was honored as Empress Dowager Xiaozhen with the emblem of Cixi, and was called the Queen Mother of Notre Dame; Later, Empress Dowager Ci 'an (filial piety) and Prince Gong Yixin jointly launched a Xin You coup, punished eight ministers and seized power, forming a pattern of "two palaces hanging over the curtain and the prince discussing politics". The Qing government temporarily entered a quiet period, which was called Tongzhi Zhongxing in history. 1873, the queen mother of the two palaces rolled back to the yamen.
1875, the Tongzhi emperor died, and his nephew Aisin-Gioro Zaitian was chosen as the heir of Xianfeng Datong, with the year Guangxu, and the two palaces listened to politics again; 188 1 The Empress Dowager Ci 'an died. 1884, Cixi launched an "imperial decree of Shen Jia" to remove Prince Gong and began to take charge of power alone. 1889 returned to Guangxu and retired to the Summer Palace; 1898, after the secret murder garden of the Emperor of the Reform Movement of 1898, Cixi launched a coup in 1898, imprisoned Emperor Guangxu, and the six gentlemen of the Reform Movement beheaded and lectured again; 1900 after the change of Gengzi, the New Deal was implemented in the late Qing Dynasty, and the law on military and commercial officials was reformed.
1908, Emperor Guangxu died, and Cixi chose three-year-old Puyi as the new emperor. Today, she is honored as the empress dowager. The next day, 17 (less than three minutes), she died in a Luan Temple and was buried in Ding Dong Mausoleum in Putuo Valley.
1906, empress dowager cixi banned foot binding, which was the first time that China liberated women. She personally questioned the case of Yang Naiwu cabbage, made it clear, pardoned the death of cabbage that could not withstand torture and perjury, and severely punished more than 300 corrupt officials involved in the case below the Governor of Zhejiang.
With the acquiescence of Empress Dowager Cixi, girls' schools were set up to impart new knowledge, which gradually became popular in coastal towns such as Shanghai and Guangzhou, which opened earlier. Cixi's actions represented the most representative views of pioneers who advocated opening the doors of China girls' schools in those years, and were generally accepted by reformist enlightened bureaucrats and gentry. Although it is still far from "equality between men and women" and the complete liberation of women, it also goes against the traditional feudal moral concepts that have been ingrained for thousands of years and is strongly vilified and resisted by powerful feudal guardians, girls' schools are spreading like a spark can start a prairie fire.
Empress Dowager Cixi is famous for making good use of people and reusing Han people. At that time, she had a large number of capable people, such as Zeng Guofan, Hu Linyi, Zuo, Li Hongzhang and Luo. Throughout history, we can look at the famous ministers and sages of past dynasties, all of which are the same. Yuan Shikai, who works for her, is an anti-imperialist, but he is really an able person.
Let such a large number of capable people willingly obey her command, which shows her ability to choose people. In his early years, he helped Emperor Xianfeng to handle state affairs, established a correct political line and ideological line, and was the actual maker of policies and guidelines during Xianfeng years. It laid the foundation for the revival of Tongguang. At that time, in the case of internal troubles and foreign invasion, it was really the prosperity of China for thousands of years.
References:
Baidu Encyclopedia-Cixi