Original text:
Niannujiao Chibi Nostalgia
Song Dynasty: Su Shi
The surging river flows eastward, and those heroes of the past are gone forever.
Old camp west, people say it's the war of the Three Kingdoms, Battle of Red Cliffs.
The steep rock wall, like thunder waves lapping against the river bank, waves like rolling up thousands of snow.
The majestic rivers and mountains are picturesque, and many heroes emerge at once.
Looking back on Zhou Yu's spring breeze era, young and beautiful Joe just married him, and he was full of heroic spirit.
A white figure with a feather fan came face to face, and while talking and laughing, the enemy warships burned to ashes. (Op.1: Forcing Lu to Death)
I am wandering in the battlefield today. I feel a feeling heart and give birth to white hair prematurely.
Life is like a dream, sprinkle a glass of wine to pay tribute to the bright moon on the river. (Life is a work: human beings)
Translation:
The mighty river of no return and the surging waves have washed away all the heroes of the ages.
To the west of Laoying, people say it was the Red Cliff where Zhou Yu fought fiercely in the Three Kingdoms.
Steep stone walls soar into the sky, and thunderous waves beat against the river bank, and the waves aroused seem to have rolled up thousands of accumulated snow.
The majestic mountains and rivers are picturesque, and how many heroes have emerged at one time.
Looking back at Zhou Yu's spring breeze, Qiao, a peerless beauty, just married him, full of heroic spirit.
Wearing a nylon scarf, the hand-rocking feather fan was talking and laughing, and the battleship of the strong enemy burned to ashes.
Today, I wandered in the battlefield of that year, laughing at my sentimentality and premature delivery of white hair.
Life is like a dream, sprinkle a glass of wine to pay homage to the bright moon on the river.
Precautions:
1, Niannujiao: epigraph name. Also known as "Hundred Characters Order" and "Qi Jiang Yue". Chibi: This refers to the "Red Nose Rock" in the west of Huanggang, Hubei. Chibi, the ancient battlefield of the Three Kingdoms, is considered by the cultural circles to be in the northwest of Puyin County, chibi city City, Hubei Province.
2. Great River: refers to the Yangtze River.
3, Amoy: wash, wash.
4. Romantic figures: refer to outstanding historical celebrities.
5. Old base areas: camps left over from the past.
6. Zhou Lang: Zhou Yu, a famous soldier of the State of Wu in the Three Kingdoms, was born in Gong Jin. He was a successful young man. At the age of 24, he was a corps commander who commanded Wu Dong's heavily armed forces. Wuzhong people called him "Zhou Lang". The following "Gong Jin" refers to Zhou Yu.
7. Snow: a metaphor for waves.
8. Think far: describe thinking far; memory
9. Xiao Qiao's first marriage (Li m￠o): In "The Story of the Three Kingdoms, Wu Zhi, Zhou Yu", Zhou Yu attacked Anhui from Sun Ce, and "Gong Qiao's two women are national colors. Cezi Bridge, You Na Bridge. " Joe, this is a bridge. Ten years have passed since Battle of Red Cliffs, and the word "first marriage" here means that his youth is proud and charming.
10, Yingzi Yingfa (fā): It is said that Zhou Yu has an extraordinary physical appearance and excellent conversation. English hair, extraordinary speech, excellent knowledge.
1 1.guān towel: the casual clothes of ancient Confucian generals. Feather fan, a fan made of feathers. Black silk and scarves made of black silk.
12, qiánglǔ incarnation: This refers to Cao Cao's naval warships. Hang, hang the mast. Paddles, paddles for rocking boats. Rudder rudder rudder rudder rudder rudder rudder rudder rudder stern; 3333333333; 333333333333
13, fugue in the old country: fugue in the old country: this refers to the old place, the red cliff battlefield of that year. Fugue: Traveling in imagination and dreams.
14, "affectionate" sentence: "Ying Xiao Wo is affectionate and born early." Fahua: Gray hair.
(huán) Statue of Jiang Yue (lèi): The ancients paid tribute to the moon and poured wine on the ground. Here refers to sprinkling wine to pay for the moon and pinning feelings. Zun: bronze "Zun", wine glass.
15,: Strong enemy refers to Cao Jun. Lu: a disparaging term for the enemy.
Creative background:
This poem was written by Su Shi 1082 (Song Shenzong Yuanfeng five years) when he lived in Huangzhou. At that time, the author was 47 years old and was demoted to Huangzhou for more than two years because of Wutai poetry case. Su Shi was demoted for satirizing the new law in his poems and was condemned by Luo Zhi, a new bureaucrat. He has endless worries in his heart, so he travels around to relax. I happened to come to Chibi (Biji) outside Huangzhou City. The magnificent scenery here touched the author greatly, which made the author sigh that time flies while recalling Zhou Yu's infinite scenery during the Three Kingdoms period, so he wrote this word.
The last volume of Hu Zai's "Tiaoxi Fishing and Concealing Conghua" contains twenty-eight years of Dongpo language: "On the west foot of Huangzhou, the stone color is like Dan, saying that Cao Gong was defeated by the so-called Red Cliff. Or: No, Cao Gong was defeated and returned from Huarong Road. The muddy road makes the old and the weak pass first. He said: "Liu Bei's opinion is late, and Huarong Road is busy. If we set it on fire, I will feel completely inferior. "Today, Huarong Town is located on the other side of Chibi, which is several places. However, there is Huarong County in Yuezhou, but I don't know who it is. Li Weixiu came today, because he was carrying wine on the boat and drinking under the red cliff. Shan Li played the flute, drank too much, and played many tricks. The wind and water surged, the big fish came out, there were perches on the mountain, and it began. I miss Meng De and Gong Jin, just like yesterday! "
Thoughts and feelings:
It expresses the poet's infinite nostalgia and admiration for heroes of past dynasties, as well as his feelings about his bumpy life. "Life is like a dream" expresses the poet's infinite feelings for his talent. "A bottle of wine is returned to the moon on the Yangtze River", which is the end of the whole word.
Appreciate:
The surging river flows eastward, and those heroes of the past are gone forever. Old camp west, people say it's the war of the Three Kingdoms, Battle of Red Cliffs. The steep rock wall, like thunder waves lapping against the river bank, waves like rolling up thousands of snow. The majestic rivers and mountains are picturesque, and many heroes emerge at once. Looking back on Zhou Yu's spring breeze era, young and beautiful Joe just married him, and he was full of heroic spirit. A white figure with a feather fan came face to face, and while talking and laughing, the enemy warships burned to ashes. I am wandering in the battlefield today. I feel a feeling heart and give birth to white hair prematurely. Life is like a dream, and a bottle returns to the moon.
The red cliff in the title is a red cliff on the north bank of the Yangtze River outside Huangzhou (in Huanggang County, Hubei Province). "Nostalgia for the past" is a topic often used by the ancients in writing poems. In this kind of works, the author often expresses his feelings by praising historical deeds. This word was written by Su Shi when he visited Chibi in Huangzhou and thought of the famous Battle of Red Cliffs in history. In fact, more than 1700 years ago, Wei, Shu and Wu fought for hegemony, and Zhou Yu, a famous martial artist of Wu, and Liu Bei attacked Cao Cao's water army with fire. This is another red cliff, which is Chiji Mountain in the southwest of Wuchang County, Hubei Province today. Here, poets express their arms by recalling the past, and they are not necessarily bound by the certainty of place.
A very important part of nostalgia is how to connect the present with the ancient times. Looking at the rolling Yangtze River, Su Shi felt that all the gifted scholars since ancient times had disappeared with the passage of time, as if they had been washed away from history by the endless waves. Therefore, he skillfully connected the Yangtze River in front of him with historical figures with the word "waves are exhausted", and in this natural and vivid association, he showed his nostalgia for historical figures. This big river is the Yangtze River. The application of "Dajiang" here is not only the requirement of phonology, but also more verve. "Eternity" means a long time.
Next, the author turned his eyes from Jiang Tao to Chibi. The first thing that caught his attention was the remnants of war left over from ancient times. "To the west of the old base area, humanity is the Red Cliff of Zhou Lang in the Three Kingdoms". Old, old. "Base [lěi]" refers to the camp. "Human nature is", it is said to be. "Zhou Lang", Zhou Yu, became a general at the age of 24. At that time, Wu called him Zhou Lang. These three words refer to the west of the ancient camp, which is said to be the red cliff where Zhou Yu won the decisive battle in the Three Kingdoms period. It points out the historical significance of Chibi, and also lays the groundwork for the next film praising Zhou Yu. So, what was the scene of Chibi that I saw at that time? "Stone goes through the sky", and the steep stone cliff goes straight into the sky; "Surging waves beat on the shore, rolling up thousands of piles of snow", scary waves beat on the river bank, stirring up countless dazzling snow-like waves. In the face of this magnificent scene, it is no wonder that the author should be amazed: not only praise this magnificent and wonderful rivers and mountains, but also praise countless heroes who once dominated here in history.
The first film of Ci is mainly about scenery, which brings out the nostalgia for the ancients. In the next movie, we turn to praise Zhou Yu, the central figure in Battle of Red Cliffs. When Su Shi wrote this poem, it was more than 800 years since Battle of Red Cliffs in 208 AD. He imagined the past hundreds of years ago and used the word "yao si" to lead us to the distant past. "Gong Jin [jǐn]", Zhou Yu's word. Zhou Yu's wife, Xiao Qiao, was the sister of the famous Qiao sisters at that time. Their marriage is mentioned in the text to highlight Zhou Yu's young and proud behavior. The author describes Zhou Yu's majestic bearing and outstanding talent with "heroic spirit and heroic hair". In the author's imagination, Zhou Yu is dressed in a military uniform, waving a feather fan and wearing a headscarf (black ribbon). She was natural and unrestrained, commanding, and easily burned Cao Cao's navy ship to ashes between jokes. Qiang, the mast of a sailboat. Here, the word "Mao" is used to represent a warship. "Feather Fan Nylon Towel" wrote Zhou Yu's demeanor. Talking and laughing highlights his confidence and talent. The words "disappear in smoke" represent a historic war. A few strokes show the author's artistic generalization ability; Between the lines, the author devoted his sincere appreciation to Zhou Yu.
The admiration for historical figures contains dissatisfaction with their own reality. In contrast, 47-year-old Su Shi deeply lamented that he could not build outstanding achievements when he was young like Zhou Yu. He had to say in a self-deprecating tone: "I am wandering in the old country, and I am full of enthusiasm. I was born early." People who like him will probably laugh at him for being too emotional and having white hair (Fahua) prematurely by imagining going to Battle of Red Cliffs in the Three Kingdoms (the old country)! In addition to self-mockery, a negative emotion that sees through the world of mortals arises spontaneously. "Life is like a dream, and a bottle is still on the moon." Bottle, wine glass. A statue means a glass of wine. "Zhu" means to sprinkle wine to pay homage. It suddenly occurred to him that the world is like a dream. Don't sigh in vain. Let's drink a glass of wine to the bright moon on the river.
This word is Su Shi's masterpiece. Although the ending reveals negative emotions, from the perspective of the whole poem, the boldness of spirit, the praise of magnificent rivers and mountains, and the praise and memory of historical heroes constitute a bold tone. ?
About the author:
Su Shi (1037-1101) was a writer, painter and gourmet in the Northern Song Dynasty. Zi yue Zhan, no Dongpo lay man. Han nationality, Sichuanese, was buried in Yingchang (now Jiaxian County, Pingdingshan City, Henan Province). I have a bumpy career, profound knowledge, extremely high talent and excellent poetry, calligraphy and painting. His writing style, Wang Yang, is unrestrained and fluent, and he is also called Ou Su with Ouyang Xiu, one of the "Eight Masters of Tang and Song Dynasties"; Poetry is fresh and vigorous, making good use of exaggeration and metaphor, and its artistic expression is unique. Together with Huang Tingjian, they are called Su Huang. The uninhibited school has a great influence on later generations, and it is called Su Xin with Xin Qiji. Calligraphy is good at running script and regular script, and it can be innovative. Writing with a pen is ups and downs, full of childlike interest. And Huang Tingjian, Mi Fei and Cai Xiang are also called Song Sijia. Painting is the same as literature. In painting, we advocate spirit likeness and "literati painting". He is the author of The Complete Works of Su Dongpo and Dongpo Yuefu.