Su Shi (103765438+1October 8th-1August 24th), a native of Meishan, Meizhou (now meishan county, Sichuan), was a great writer in the Northern Song Dynasty. His poetry, ci, fu and prose all have high achievements, and he is good at calligraphy and painting. He is a rare all-rounder in the history of literature and art in China, and he is also recognized as one of the most outstanding literary and artistic attainments in the history of China for thousands of years. His prose and Ouyang Xiu are called Ou Su; Poetry and Huang Tingjian are also called Su Huang; Ci and Xin Qiji are collectively called Su Xin; Calligraphy is listed as one of the four great calligraphers in the Northern Song Dynasty: Su, Huang, Mi and Cai [1]. His paintings started the Huzhou School of Painting. He was a famous litterateur in Song Dynasty, one of the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties, and he was also called "Three Sows" with his father Su Xun and his brother Su Zhe. Its name "Shi" originally means the armrest in front of the car, which means something unknown but indispensable to help the poor. Song Renzong Jing You was born in the third year, and Jia You was a scholar in the second year. He graduated from Duanmingtang, Hanlin, and was a minister of rites. During the reign of Zongshen, Su Shi served as the foreign minister of Zubu, and sought a diplomatic post because he opposed Wang Anshi's new law. He worked as a judge in Hangzhou and knew Mizhou, Xuzhou and Huzhou. In the second year of Yuanfeng, a famous Wutai poetry case happened in Li Ding at the age of 43. He went to prison for it and died several times. His younger brother Su Zhe was demoted to save his life and was demoted to Huangzhou the following year. At that time, Zhezong was a bachelor of Hanlin, and once knew Hangzhou, Yingzhou and other places. , is an official does not. Later, he was banished to Huizhou and Danzhou by Zhang Dun. Changzhou died of illness in the second year after returning to the north, at the age of 66. Chasing Wen Zhong in Southern Song Dynasty. Politically, he is more inclined to the old party, but he also has the requirement of reforming the disadvantages; He not only opposed Wang Anshi's radical reform measures, but also disagreed with Sima Guang's abolition of the new law, so he was rejected by the old and new parties and his career was very bumpy. He is honest and clean all over the country, promoting advantages and eliminating disadvantages, with many political achievements and good reputation. Su Causeway in Hangzhou West Lake is an example. Style picture reference: upload.wikimedia/ * * */Mons /D/DF/ Su _ SHI- Calligraphy picture reference: ZH. * */Skins-1.5/mon/images/magnify-clip Su Shi's calligraphy "Cold Food Sticker" is unique, and its writing style is unrestrained and easy to understand. His poems are fresh and vigorous, and he is good at using exaggerated metaphors. Huangzhou Ci is a wonderful work of Su Ci. Huangzhouwen is the peak of Suwen; Fu on the Red Wall is his masterpiece. There are about 4,000 existing poems [source request], and their poems have a wide range of contents and diverse styles, mainly bold and unconstrained. The poems that have the greatest influence on later generations are those that express life feelings and praise natural scenery. It shows the characteristics of emphasizing reason and interest and being argumentative in Song poetry. Drinking the rain after Chu Qing on the lake (the water is bright and sunny, the mountains are empty and rainy. If you want to compare the West Lake with the West Lake, it is always appropriate to be lighter and thicker. ) In March of the fourth year of Yuanfeng, Dongpo wrote "Huangzhou Cold Food Poetry Post". This post is a two-sentence, five-character ancient style, with gloomy and vigorous poems, low sighs and great appeal. His calligraphy is vigorous and magnificent, which has a great influence on the history of calligraphy. Later generations are praised as "the third running script in the world" after Preface to Lanting and Mourning for My Nephew. Huang Tingjian wrote an inscription after this post: "Dongpo's poems are like Li Taibai, lest Taibai be everywhere. This book was written by Yan, Yang and Li Xitai. It is not necessarily the same as this book if Dongpo wants it back. When I see this book in Dongpo, Ying Xiao Wo will be respected where there is no Buddha. Zhu bian's "Old News of Qu Yan": "After Dongpo's article arrived in Huangzhou, there was no one like him, and only Huang Lu could write poems directly; Crossing the sea in his later years, Lu Zhi also fell behind. There are more than 340 kinds of words, which break through the narrow theme of writing about love and parting between men and women and have a wide range of social contents. It occupies a special position in the history of China's Ci. The spirit of the poetry innovation movement in the Northern Song Dynasty extended to the field of Ci poetry, swept away the traditional style of Ci poetry since the late Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties, and created an uninhibited school of Ci poetry that kept pace with the graceful school, which had a great influence on later generations, expanded the theme of Ci poetry, enriched the artistic conception of Ci poetry, broke through the boundaries of poetic rhyme and made great contributions to the innovative development of Ci poetry. Yearning for the past in Niannujiao Red Cliff and When is there a bright moon in Fraxinus mandshurica are widely read. Calligraphy is good at running script and regular script, and it can be innovated by studying from Li Yong, Xu Hao, Yan Zhenqing and Yang Ningshi. The end of the pen is ups and downs, naive. Cai Xiang (formerly known as Cai Jing), Huang Tingjian and Mi Fei are also called "Song Sijia". Painting style can draw bamboo, draw lessons from fan literature, and also like to make strange stones. On painting, he advocates "spirit likeness" and thinks that "on painting, it is similar in shape and adjacent to children". His works and poems include Seven Chapters of Dongpo. There are some books that have been handed down, such as thank you for your essays, several essays in memory of the Yellow River, Huangzhou Cold Food Poetry, Topic Xilin Wall, Drinking Rain after Chu Qing on the Lake. His paintings include "Strange Trees and Stones" and "Bamboo Stones". In addition, The Biography of Liang Fang in Su Shen is based on Shen Kuo's Good Prescription, and Su Shi's Miscellaneous Treatises on Medicine is added. When evaluating the Southern Song Dynasty, Song Xiaozong regarded him as "Wen Zhong". Yuan Mei commented on Su Shi's poems: "Talented but heartless, more interesting but less rhyme: because of high talent, learning can be poor." . There is a kind of rising without knot, more rigidity but less softness: if you try it, you will know that you will be poor sooner or later. Qian Mu, a master of Chinese studies, said: "Su Dongpo's poems are great because he has never been politically proud in his life. He was down and out all his life, and all the twists and turns were seen in the poem. However, Su Dongpo's Confucian realm is not high, but his personality is great in the harsh environment elsewhere, like his parts in Huangzhou and later in Huizhou and Qiongzhou. At that time, all the poems were good, but once they were at ease, some of them were not, and the poetic environment was sometimes conventional. The strength of Dongpo's poetry lies in its lofty sentiments and interest. Its quietness is not as good as that of a king, and its loyalty is not as good as that of a king. Li Ao, a contemporary writer, commented that Su Shi is a master, but "his ideological realm is only super-literati, and the highest realm ends in Fu on the Red Wall, which is not as delicate and in-depth as thinkers. In addition, Buddhism, Taoism and folk superstitions are mixed, and the behavior is to ask for rain and alchemy, and the realm appears at the low level. His political views are particularly old-fashioned, much worse than Wang Anshi's. It can really be said that "you only know more, but you don't see it." 」
Reference: Wikipedia
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