First, copy the questions.
The test questions give a topic and ask to "make a fuss" around the topic. What's the fuss? It is to trigger new discussions, start new associations, tell new stories and express new feelings. In short, we cannot stay where we are. The original place is just a starting point. If you turn the millstone in its original place, there is no creation, only copy. If you don't leave the starting point, you must go out from the starting point, or expand the starting point: you can either extend from the starting point to the distance or gallop around the starting point. It should be noted that, just like the mother-daughter relationship, what goes beyond the starting point is your own creation, which is "making a fuss". Why do you have to write "something beyond the starting point"? Because the material provided in the test questions-the story "A scholar gives four figures and asks him to choose a figure different from other figures", the reader has already heard and felt it, so you don't need to provide the same material. What readers need is something new: if you write an argumentative essay, you must be able to help readers understand the truth deeply; If you write a narrative, you must describe your own experience or tell a story, so that readers have a more specific and stronger feeling; If you write lyric prose, you must arouse fresher, stronger and richer thoughts and feelings ... In short, readers don't need plagiarism, they need innovation. Don't simply copy it as it is, give the same examples one by one and then "retreat and win". Can you give me the same example as breastfeeding? If it is used as a new argument material, of course, it can be quoted, but it should serve your new argument. If there is no new argument, it is equivalent to copying the original text, which we call "copying the topic"
Many candidates in the 2000 college entrance examination have this problem in their compositions. For example, at the beginning of Plagiarism, it is said that some people like mountains and some people like the sea, which only shows that there is a phenomenon that "radish and cabbage have their own love" in society, and there is nothing new. Some candidates quoted durian and stinky tofu in their compositions, saying that some people like it and some people hate it, which doesn't make much sense. Some candidates gave a good example in their composition, saying, "At a get-together, the host took a plastic bag and asked everyone what the plastic bag was for. Some people say it can be used as a mask, some people say it can be used as a hat, and some people say it can be used as a balloon when it is inflated. Finally, the squad leader said that thousands of plastic bags can be pressed together to make plastic plates. " These examples are all good in themselves, but it is a pity that they come to an abrupt end and cannot be fully used to make sense. Some candidates listed intelligence tests such as "measuring the height of a building with a thermometer" and "one plus one equals several" or "everyone summed up the experience of failing an exam for different reasons", and so on. These examples are all good in themselves, but unfortunately they can't serve the demonstration further. They just end up there. This is called "let them represent the discussion". If the examples given are the same as or very close to the test questions, there is nothing new to discuss, so it is not just "replacing discussion with statements", but "cloning" the raw materials.
Second, deviate from the subject.
There are several reasons for "digression":
1. Change the subject
For example, the following examinee composition:
The answer is colorful.
Someone said, "There are many questions in the world, and there is more than one answer to a question." I didn't agree with this view at first. I think there is only one answer to a question. Only in this way can people concentrate on solving problems. But when I read an article, my mind changed.
The article writes: There is a cartoon "The water is boiling", which tells a girl that she is at a loss when the water is boiling, and even cries: "Mom, the water is boiling, come quickly!" Many people have analyzed the causes of this situation. Some people say it's the daughter's fault. A man that big can't boil water. What can they do in the future? At first, I thought this analysis was correct, but some people said that the fault was not the children, but the parents. Can a child grow up if his father is not strict in discipline and his mother does not teach him to do housework?
Nowadays, many parents always spoil their children and give them whatever they want, which eventually leads to their fearless attitude and troubles their later life. This reminds me of a set of scenes in Animal World: the lioness caught a lamb, but she didn't put the sheep next to the little lion, but let the little lion catch it herself. But the little lion will only lie next to the lioness and won't listen to his mother at all. Unexpectedly, instead of helping the little lion, the lioness bit it. The little lion couldn't compete with his mother, so he went to catch the lamb and finally caught it. Imagine, if the lioness doesn't strictly train her cubs, how can the cubs survive in the law of the jungle world?
I hope that parents can learn from the lioness's methods and discipline their children more strictly at ordinary times, so that children can really get help. Of course, children can't rely on their parents to discipline them blindly, but they should also take the initiative to learn, just as Wei Zhi said: "If the wood is hard, it must have roots; If water is an elder, it must be rooted in its source. " Only by laying a good foundation from an early age can it become useful in the future.
Although Water Boils is only a painting, it is thought-provoking. It can be seen that educating children is a long-term plan of the country and must not be treated as a trivial matter.
Although the writing scope of topic composition is quite broad, grasping the topic is the basic requirement. To grasp the topic, we must firmly grasp it from beginning to end. At the beginning, we couldn't grasp the topic, and gradually deviated from the topic in writing, which led to branches, then grew obliquely along the branches, and finally deviated from the main points, which led to the transfer of the topic and even seriously deviated from the meaning of the topic.
The above-mentioned disease article begins to say that "the concept has changed", which can be said to be in line with the meaning of the question. However, when describing the process of change in detail, we should not only deduct the topic of "the answer is colorful", but focus on the topic of "is it harmful to spoil children" and throw the original topic out of the clouds.
Put on boots and hat.
For example, the following examinee composition:
In life, look at the problem
In life, we will certainly encounter all kinds of questions, and when answering these questions, the answers are varied and varied.
I remember a political lesson, when the teacher asked what money was, everyone laughed. A classmate said; "The teacher even asked us this question, and even the money didn't know what it was." Some students said, "Money is a piece of paper, rectangular." Some students said, "Money is a coin with a head and a tail." Some students said: "money is the need of living consumption." After listening to our answer, the teacher smiled: "Everyone has right and wrong. Everyone answered only the shape of money, which was very superficial. I mean, let everyone say essential, meaningful and functional. " At this time, a classmate stood up and said, "money is the medium in barter." The teacher said this classmate was a bit interesting. "The real meaning of money is that it is separated from commodities and acts as a general equivalent value." The teacher said. At this time, everyone realized that this is the essence. Indeed, the answer is colorful.
I remember once, my classmates and I visited the Natural History Museum. When we saw the globe, the commentator asked us, "Why is the earth round?" The classmate who looks like a primary school student next to him said, "Because the circle looks better." Others said, "It's better because it's on the globe." Others said, "For people to see clearly." Various answers are ever-changing. Finally, the commentator said that a navigator had been heading west in the sea and finally reached his starting point, which proved that the earth was round.
Then the commentator asked, "Why do the stars look so small?" A little classmate said naively, "Because the sky is limited, the stars are too big to fit in." Someone said, "Because the stars are too small." . "The commentator patiently told everyone why the stars looked so small, and everyone felt suddenly enlightened after listening.
Indeed, the world is ever-changing, with endless questions and colorful answers. There are many answers to a question, which is the beauty of the answers. (Selected from 2000 college entrance examination candidates' compositions)
In the college entrance examination in 2000, there were many such compositions of "wearing boots and hats". The above morbid article does not fasten "the answer is colorful", but demonstrates that "there is only one correct answer", which runs counter to the original topic in content. It just selects some sentences from the original topic and gives its own article a blunt "boots and hat". Although the reason is related to too many hints and insufficient restrictive requirements in the test questions, the main reason is that these candidates failed to grasp the meaning of the original question, or lacked the consciousness of firmly grasping the original intention of the original question, and forcibly moved their articles or materials up. Some candidates themselves feel that what they have written has nothing to do with the original topic, so they have to "wash the monkey and get the crown", put on boots and hats. Despite the author's good intentions, the faults of this kind of articles can't escape the eyes of the marking teacher. We call this type of illness "wearing boots and hats".
Start a new stove
For example, the following examinee composition (excerpt):
Spiritual enlightenment
"Heart, my heart don't be sad, you have to endure fate. Everything taken away by the severe winter will be brought back to you during the Spring Festival. Heart, my heart, as long as it is in your heart, you love as much as possible. "
Close my diary and savor the meaning of this passage. Yes, you can love as much as you like, as long as it is in your heart.
Dull, not otherwise, nor indifferent, but ordinary and indifferent. Face the difficulties and pressures of society with an ordinary and indifferent heart, and you won't be too worried and nervous. Just like facing the college entrance examination, I struggled from primary school to junior high school on 12, in order to have a good start at this turning point in my life, but the road was full of hardships and pains. Near the end, I have to think about what to do if I can't get into college. At this time, my normal heart and indifferent heart spoke to me, and he told me not to worry too much, because the sweat that flowed in this 12 year would
..... (Excerpted from the composition of candidates in the 2000 college entrance examination)
The symptoms and causes of this kind of "starting a new stove" are obvious: I don't write according to the propositions or topics specified in the test questions, but throw the test questions aside and write my own "freestyle composition", which has nothing to do with the content of the test questions. This phenomenon is mostly due to the fact that candidates have memorized an article in advance, but after seeing the examination questions, they feel "inconsistent and rhyming", but they are unwilling or unable to write new works according to the examination questions, so they copy the articles they have memorized in advance, resulting in "starting a new stove"; Another reason is that candidates don't understand or understand the test questions carefully, and the articles written are naturally "the donkey's lips are not right."
Third, the meaning is sloppy.
For example, the following examinee composition:
The answer is colorful.
At a report meeting, a scholar asked a question: four numbers, find one that is different from others. Because of the different standards and angles, the answers are different, which can tell us that there are many things with different answers in life, so we should consider them from many aspects.
Recently, newspapers often see that some students commit suicide because of heavy study burden and pressure in all aspects. In fact, we can't get into it. We studied Jin Fan in junior high school, and Jin Fan finally became a juror, but he was crazy because of excessive happiness. As a society, don't put too much pressure on students, but we students should also turn pressure into motivation and study hard. We still have a long way to go, we still have a lot of things to do, and we must see the bright side.
China has a saying: "360 lines, each doing its own thing." Indeed, all walks of life have good ones. Li Suli, who sells tickets on the bus, can also be a model worker. They did what most people didn't want to do, but she worked hard at her post and eventually became a respected model worker.
A few days ago, the director of the police station who deliberately shot and wounded people was sentenced to death. He's just not strict with himself. He has a gun in his hand and thinks he can shoot at will. In fact, the gun was given by the people, not just when you want to open it. He dared to run amok and was finally sentenced according to law. Such people should be dealt with seriously and never be soft.
When we were in high school, we learned many ways to study and do problems. Sometimes a problem can be solved in many ways, but we often study hard. Sometimes we know what to do when we see a problem, but it takes a long time to work it out, and sometimes it is not necessarily right. But when the teacher told us a very simple method, we realized that if we tried to change a few ideas every time, we would do better.
The world is ever-changing, questions emerge one after another, answers are rich and colorful, and our life will be more exciting. (Selected from 2000 college entrance examination candidates' compositions)
Generally speaking, the topic provides the scope of writing, but it does not specify the main idea of writing. Therefore, within the scope of the topic, we should also "refine our thinking", that is, refine the central idea of our own article. If you don't work hard enough in this link and don't think about what you want to write and express, you will write in a hurry, and you may ramble, point more and point less, and have a loose meaning and don't know what to say. As in the last article, the meanings of natural paragraphs are generally close together, but the fourth natural paragraph is suddenly out of touch with the first three natural paragraphs, which makes people feel that it is a branch. On the surface, the fifth paragraph seems to be talking about learning as the first paragraph, but it is not the same thing: the first two paragraphs talk about reducing the burden of learning, and the third paragraph is slightly biased, talking about understanding the future. In the fourth natural stage, the wild horse is out of control. On the surface, the fifth paragraph seems to have returned to the meaning of the first three paragraphs. In fact, the fifth paragraph is about learning methods, which is obviously different from the first three paragraphs. Such an article is fragmented, and the meaning is not gathered together, which makes people confused. This is a remarkable feature of "rambling" disease.