1, a gentleman is cautious about being alone, that is, the more he is i
1, a gentleman is cautious about being alone, that is, the more he is in a hidden place, where no one sees him, the more he has to be strict with himself when he is alone, so as to be what he seems.
2. Confucianism regards prudence and independence as the most important code of conduct for gentlemen, and holds that prudence and independence are the highest realm of personal moral demeanor. It is not difficult for people to be human in front of them, but when there is no supervision and no one else, they are facing themselves except heaven and earth.
3. A person is such a state. Being alone is not only with yourself, but also with heaven and earth, and with your own morality and values. When you are alone, you are facing your true self.
4. A gentleman is cautious and independent, and cautious and independent refers to self-discipline from the superego: strictly restrain himself and strive to be the person he wants to be. Lu Jiuyuan of the Southern Song Dynasty said: Be cautious about independence and don't deceive yourself. People can fool everyone, but they can't fool themselves at all. Be cautious and independent, be calm to others, and be at ease to yourself.
5. Gentleman's cautious independence comes from the golden mean, which is a way of self-cultivation, a way of moral cultivation and a realm. It means to warn us that when we are alone, we should abide by moral standards. Even if we are not supervised, we need to remember not to do good or evil. The so-called gentleman is cautious and independent, and does not bully the darkroom. This is a fact.
6. Prudent independence was put forward by Ceng Zi in The Doctrine of the Mean.
In the original text, the Tao is inseparable, separable and non-Tao. So a gentleman is wary of what he can't see, and fear is almost unheard of. Don't hide your hands, don't show them. Therefore, a gentleman is cautious and independent.
This sentence means that you can't leave the road in an instant, once you leave, it is not a road. A gentleman should be in a place where others can't see him and not think about it. They don't talk nonsense where others don't listen. Don't think that no one has found it, no matter how deep it is hidden, it will be exposed as long as you move your mind. Therefore, a gentleman should be cautious when he is alone.
For example, some people usually do well and travel occasionally. When they stayed in a hotel and saw the card stuck at the door, their minds moved. Nobody knows me anyway. Call and enjoy. As a result, they were caught and humiliated. Others especially like to make rumors in the WeChat group, exaggerating the facts, causing bad influence and showing off themselves. He thought those people were talking nonsense. Who can find him? In fact, none of them can escape. Don't think that you can do whatever you want, put down your usual disguise and do something illegal and immoral. This shows that you have forgotten the etiquette and laws and regulations of the country, and the gentleman is cautious. When people do things, the sky is watching. This day includes that we can't see the Tao, and the Tao binds us all the time.
7. Is a gentleman cautious? The Doctrine of the Mean, one of the four Confucian classics. Personally, Daxue and The Doctrine of the Mean are the two most important Confucian classics. "University", which Cheng Zi said was the entrance for beginners to learn German? The doctrine of the mean is probably the way to enter the Tao. In our impression, it seems that Taoists stress morality and Confucianism stresses benevolence and righteousness. Studying these two classics, we will find that Confucianism also stresses morality.
The doctrine of the mean is the way to enter the Tao, which is my personal understanding. I didn't see Zhu Cheng's statement. To put it another way, college is for self-cultivation. The doctrine of the mean discusses the highest value standard followed by Confucianism. The doctrine of the mean put forward a series of concepts from the beginning, destiny? Sex? , way? Teaching? Medium? And then what? Wait a minute. Zhu believes that sex is both rational and natural. Why? These two words together form justice? . Made one called "Human Desire"? Is there justice in this word? Communication. It became the highest category of Neo-Confucianism in Song and Ming Dynasties. But I think, in the first chapter of The Doctrine of the Mean, Tao? It should be the core concept.
Destiny is nature, frankness is Tao, and cultivation is teaching. Tao can't be separated for a moment, and non-Tao can be separated. ? For this passage of Zhu, the explanation is: life is still alive, and it can be done; Sex is reason. Heaven incarnates everything with yin and yang and five elements, and qi is shaped and endowed with reason. I still have eyes. Therefore, the life of the characters, because each has its own reasons, thinks that the virtue of health and smoothness is the so-called sex. Rate, follow also. The road is still there. People follow their own nature, so daily things have their own way, so they are called Tao. Repair, accumulate festival also. Although the nature is the same, the nature is different, so there must be no difference. Sages respect the word as a walker, thinking that the law is in the world, so it is called teaching.
Zhu's explanation added his own play and creation. There are many things beyond the original in his explanation. Of course, without this transcendence, Confucianism will not develop into a new Confucianism. Personally, I understand that this passage means that human nature has natural attributes. Respect for natural attributes is the Tao. For example, when people grow up, they will fall in love, and when they are free, they will follow the path. But Tao cannot be defined. Can only say inseparable, if you can leave, it is not Tao. Next, it is the content of this question.
So a gentleman is wary of what he can't see, and fear is almost unheard of. Don't be invisible, don't be subtle, so a gentleman is cautious. ? Because we must follow the principle of Tao, and Tao is hidden in all things. Therefore, we are cautious about what we don't know. People's behavior will be revealed in a small place (whether they obey the Tao or violate it). Therefore, a gentleman should be extremely cautious when making decisions independently. Why be extremely careful? If you do something wrong and violate the Tao, that is, the laws of nature, you will be punished. Or what goes around comes around.
Zhu explained this passage like this: he said: hidden, dark also. Small, small things also. This is the only place where people don't know but only know. Although there are no traces, there are a few moves, so the gentleman is always wary. Yuga should be careful here. ? Zhu's explanation is more that when people do something, even if others don't see it, they are afraid that only they know it, and they can't lose heart when they do it. This is a common explanation. This explanation is undoubtedly influenced by Zhu. This explanation must be good. But I think Zhu's explanation narrows the connotation of the original text and pulls the original universal truth into the category of social morality.
Next, the Doctrine of the Mean puts forward "loyalty". The concepts of "happiness, sadness, joy and sadness" refer to "middle" and "middle" refers to "harmony". Those who are in the middle are also the foundation of the world, and those who are harmonious are also the way of the world. Neutrality, the position of heaven, the education of all things. These contents will not be explained here. This is one of the most fundamental concepts in Confucianism, and it is hard to say clearly.
Prudent and independent? This word, if interpreted in common language, means that you didn't do anything wrong during the day, but you don't mind knocking at the door in the middle of the night? .
Theoretically, the word "cautious independence" may be more complicated. This is not difficult to do. This is just as the golden mean says: the gentleman's way is hidden. The stupidity of lovers can be compared with knowing each other; Even the saints are ignorant. If the couple are corrupt, they can; Even a saint can't help it. ? There is another saying in The Analects: Visit the body three times a day. ? Self-reflection every day, what did you do wrong and what did you do right? People will keep improving.
Now when it comes to Chinese studies, people must mention Wang Yangming, who is of course a saint. Can he be cautious? Of course it is. However, Wang Yangming's outstanding achievement is academic development. Being cautious and independent is the independence of Confucianism and an aspect of Confucian self-cultivation. I think Zeng Guofan should have done better in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Of course there are many others. As long as you have been reflecting on yourself and have done nothing wrong, it means that you have been careful? Kung fu.