The battle of the Northern Wei Dynasty to unify the North was carried out under the historical conditions of feudalism in the Sixteen Countries Period. Although it faces many opponents and the situation is complicated and changeable, it can assess the situation, determine the target of continuous attacks and adopt flexible strategies and tactics to achieve the goal of breaking one by one. The Northern Wei Dynasty was founded by the Tuoba Department of Xianbei nationality. The Tuoba Department of Xianbei originally lived in Xing 'an Mountains in the northeast, and then went south to the Mongolian grassland, taking hunting as a business and nomadic as a living.
In the fourth year of Xiankang in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (338), its leader, Shi Yigui, was called the king, built the country and prospered (now Helinger area in Inner Mongolia). Destroyed by former Qin Fu Jian. In the first year of the Northern Wei Dynasty (386), Tuoba GUI, the grandson of Shi Feigui, continued to be called Dai Wang, and soon changed his surname to Wei, making laws and regulations to rebuild the country. In history, Tuoba GUI was called the Northern Wei Dynasty, that is, Emperor Taizu Daowu. In August of the first year of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty (396), Tuoba GUI defeated Beiyan, occupied present-day Shanxi and Hebei, and moved the capital to Pingcheng (present-day Datong, Shanxi).
Under the influence of the advanced culture of Han nationality, he entered the Tuoba Department of the Central Plains, implemented "land settlement", began to change from nomadic economy to agricultural economy, and introduced Han gentry to establish feudal system, which began the development process from parental slavery to feudal system at the end of primitive period. After Tuoba GUI's death, his eldest son Yuan Di Tuoba Si succeeded to the throne and died, while his son Tuoba GUI acceded to the throne for the ancestral emperor Mao. At that time, he started the war to unify the north.
Tuoba nationality is a tribe of Xianbei nationality, which originally lived near Daxinganling in Nenjiang River basin of Heilongjiang Province. Later, it gradually moved south. In the fourth year of Xiankang in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (338), a Daiguo was established in Guancheng (now northeast of Datong, Shanxi), and the Daiwang was Tuoba Yishi. Later, it was destroyed by the former Qin dynasty.
After the Battle of Feishui, in the 11th year of Taiyuan in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (386), Tuoba GUI rebuilt the country in Niuchuan (now southwest of Hohhot, Inner Mongolia). In the same year, he moved the capital (now Tuchengzi, northwest of Inner Mongolia and Linger) and changed his country name to Wei, which was called Northern Wei in history. Tuoba GUI is the Taizu Daowu Emperor. Tuoba GUI, also known as Wei Ruyun, helped the people by farming. At the same time, he launched a campaign to unify the desert (that is, the desert, starting from the west foot of Xing 'an Mountains in the east and reaching the eastern end of Tianshan Mountains in the west).
In the east, Kumosi was defeated, and in the west, Liu, another department of Xiongnu, was destroyed. Some nomadic tribes in the north have been conquered one after another, and a large number of people and livestock have been captured, making Tuoba department rapidly powerful. In addition to unifying the north, the Northern Wei Dynasty gained two great achievements in eliminating the cool in the north. First of all, Wei emissaries traveled to and from the Western Regions. In the past, Beiliang was ordered to escort quicksand. However, Qu colluded with Rouran, spreading rumors that Wei was weak, which made the western countries breed doubts. After Beiliang, it is more convenient to communicate with the western regions, and countries in the western regions will no longer have second thoughts.
Secondly, Wei got many literati from Liangzhou, a region with rich humanities. Zhang Gui has been in Hexi for one hundred and thirty-nine years. People in the Central Plains avoided Hexi and passed it down from generation to generation, with the name Toz. Juqu Muyu is particularly studious, and he has used many scholars such as Liu Yun, Suochang, Yin Xing, Zhang Zhan, Qin Song, Zhao Rou, Cheng Jun and Cheng Hong. These people are all from Wei Jun to Pingcheng. In addition, Chaucer and Chang Shuang did not become officials in Beiliang, but also entered the Central Plains.
As a doctor of Chinese literature, Suo Chang has worked in Wei for more than ten years, and has taught dozens of aristocratic children to become successful officials, ministers and governors, which has played a great role in correcting the atmosphere of Xianbei nobles who value martial arts and despise literature. Chang Shuang established a learning museum with more than 700 disciples. Jiang Qiang, a native of Liu Chen, is a disciple of Wei Yan (father of Wei Guan). Proficient in philology, good at calligraphy, and avoiding Liangzhou.
Jiang Qiang inherited his family studies and had a rich collection of books. Wei Di Wu Tai also used him as a doctor of literature in China. From then on, the Confucianism in Wei Zhi began to shake, which shows the role of this move in reviving the northern academic culture. In this battle, Wei Taizu Tuoba Tao showed great talent, and Ho Choi, the minister and strategist of the Northern Wei Dynasty, was highly valued by Wei Daowu, Yuan Di of the Ming Dynasty and Taizu.
As the mastermind, he participated in the major military decisions of the three emperors in the Northern Wei Dynasty, and he was resourceful, decisive and made meritorious military service repeatedly, which played an important role in a series of wars that unified the northern China in the Northern Wei Dynasty.