1 Appreciation of model calligraphy works
Appreciation of model calligraphy works II
Appreciate the calligraphy works of Model 3
Appreciate the calligraphy works of Model 4.
Appreciate the calligraphy works of Model 5
Annotation translation of teacher list
The cause started by the first emperor did not give up halfway, but gave up halfway. Now the world is divided into three points, and the people of Shu Han are weak. This is really a crucial moment for life and death. Therefore, the courtiers who served the imperial guards in the court did not dare to slack off a little; Loyal and ambitious soldiers on the battlefield fought for their lives, probably remembering the special kindness of the first emperor to everyone and wanting to repay your majesty. Your Majesty should really listen to the opinions of ministers, carry forward the virtues left by the former emperor and inspire the courage of people with lofty ideals. He must not look down on himself casually. If he says something inappropriate, it will block the way for loyal ministers to make suggestions.
Officials around the palace and officials in charge of the Prime Minister's Office are a whole, and the merits and demerits of rewards and punishments should not be different because they are in the palace or in the government. Those who do bad things and violate the law and discipline, or those who faithfully do good things, should be handed over to the competent authorities to judge whether they are punished or rewarded, so as to show your majesty's fair and strict governance, and must not be selfish, so that there are different ways to cast laws inside and outside the court.
Teachers, assistant ministers Guo Youzhi, Fei Yi, Dong Yun, etc. They are all people with good moral character, honesty, loyalty and purity, so the first emperor chose them for his majesty. I think everything in the palace, big or small, should be consulted before implementation. Make up for shortcomings and omissions and get more results.
Xiang Chong, a general, is peace-loving, upright and knowledgeable in military affairs. When he was appointed, the first emperor praised his ability, so everyone discussed and elected him as the governor of the central region. I think we should consult him about things in the barracks, big or small, so that the army can unite and be harmonious and the good guys and bad guys can get their places.
It was the reason for its prosperity in the early Han Dynasty that it was close to virtuous officials and avoided villains. Close to the villain, far from the virtuous minister, this is the reason for the decline of the late Han Dynasty. When the late Emperor was alive, every time he talked to me about these things, he felt sad and sorry for the practices of Emperor Huan and Emperor Ling. Youzhi, Fei Yi, Shangshu, Chang and Jiang Wan joined the army. These are loyal ministers, loyal and reliable, and can serve the country with death. I sincerely hope that your majesty can get close to them and trust them, so that the prosperity of the Han royal family is no longer far away.
I am a civilian and have worked in Nanyang County. I just want to save my life in troubled times, and I don't want the princes to know me and get dignitaries. The late emperor didn't mind my humble position, remoteness and modesty. He visited me in the thatched cottage three times in a row and asked for my advice on the current events. I was deeply grateful and promised to work for the first emperor. Later, I was ordered at a critical moment and the war failed. I accepted the appointment. It has been 2 1 year since I was appointed during the crisis.
The late emperor knew that I was cautious and entrusted the affairs of state to me before he died. Ever since I accepted the news of my death, I have been worried and sighing day and night, lest the great things entrusted to me fail, thus damaging the insight of my late emperor. So in May, I led my troops south, crossed Lushui and went deep into the wilderness. Now that the south has been pacified and the armory is well-equipped, the three armies should be encouraged to make a northern expedition to pacify the Central Plains. I hope to do my best to eradicate the evil enemy, revive the Han royal family and move back to the old capital. This is what I used to repay my late emperor and be loyal to your duties. As for whether things are feasible, it is the responsibility of Guo Youzhi, Fei Yi and Dong Yun to take appropriate measures and make suggestions without reservation.
I hope your majesty will give me the task of attacking Cao Wei. If I fail, I will be punished for my dereliction of duty to comfort the gods of my late emperor. If you don't carry forward the advice of Shengde, blame Guo Youzhi, Fei Yi, Dong Yun and others for their negligence, thus exposing their own faults. Your majesty should also plan for himself, ask the good reason of governing the country, distinguish and adopt the right speech, and remember the last wish of the late emperor. I will be grateful and grateful. Now, just as I am on an expedition away from North Korea, I don't know what I said to the memorial hall.
Create the background of the model
In 222 AD, Liu Bei proclaimed himself emperor and Zhuge Liang became prime minister. In 223, Liu Bei died of illness and entrusted Liu Chan to Zhuge Liang. Zhuge Liang implemented a series of correct political and economic measures, which made the territory of Shu and Han prosperous. In order to achieve national unity and pacify the rebellion in the south, Zhuge Liang decided to attack Wei in the north and seize Liangzhou in 227. Before he left, he wrote to the master, urging him to be open and honest, to be strict in rewards and punishments, and to be close to sages, so as to revive the Han Dynasty. At the same time, I also express my loyalty to my country. This is a model. "Model" is selected from "A Collection of Famous Artists from Han, Wei and Six Dynasties"? Prime Minister Zhuge's collection. [3]
The model is divided into pre-model and post-model, which was presented to Liu Chan, the prime minister of Shu and Han Dynasties, before the two northern expeditions (227 and 228) in the Three Kingdoms period. The former model was written in the fifth year of Jianxing (227) and included in Volume 35 of the History of the Three Kingdoms. The article is sincere and touching, which shows Zhuge Liang's determination to explore the North. He put a warning behind the Lord? Dear ministers, far villains? Listen to other people's opinions and strive to revive the Han Dynasty.
Some scholars believe that Zhuge Liang didn't write "Hou Shi Biao". When Chen Shouxiu compiled the History of the Three Kingdoms, he did not include the "post-table". When commenting on the History of the Three Kingdoms, Pei Songzhi quoted Hanshu, Jin Shu, Chunqiu, saying that the latter case was not included in Zhuge Liang's collected works, but was written by Zhang Yan of Soochow, which was obviously unreasonable. Moreover, the content of "The Back Mold" is also different from the official history, such as? Because he went to Hanzhong, he lost Zhao Yun in the middle period, which is inconsistent with the year of Zhao Yun's death recorded in the History of the Three Kingdoms (229 years in the seventh year of Jianxing). Besides, the tone inside is very depressing: If we don't kill the thief, Wang Ye will die. But sitting still, which one is it? It is completely different from the positive rhetoric of the previous model. In addition, Zhuge Liang monopolized the power at this time. At that time, no one questioned the prospect of the Northern Expedition, but the article talked about it? What is the so-called unplanned? , does not conform to the situation of Shu Han at that time. Therefore, some scholars suspect that this is a fake concocted by Zhuge Ke of Soochow in order to implement his Northern Expedition policy. So far, there is no conclusion.
(On the other hand, I don't think The Last Example was written by Zhuge Ke. First of all, Zhuge Ke is Zhuge Liang's nephew. Although Zhuge Liang and Zhu Gejin are two masters, their relationship has always been very good. How dare Zhuge Ke write in the name of his uncle? Also, as mentioned above, the year of Zhao Yun's death recorded in the Model is different from the official history. Therefore, Zhuge Ke in the same period should know this; Even if he doesn't know this, since it is a forgery, it must be verified. If anyone questions it, Zhuge Ke will be in trouble. Liezi is an essay written by Zhuge Liang to the first emperor before he left for Wei. In his article, he persuaded the latter to inherit the legacy of the late emperor, clear the way, strictly reward and punish, be close to sages and stay away from villains, and complete the great cause of reviving the Han Dynasty.
Teacher evaluation
This was a strategy of Zhuge Liang to bring peace and stability to the country in the last years of Shu Han Dynasty: it was better to take the initiative to attack than to wait for death, but later facts proved that this strategy did more harm than good at that time.