Shui Long Yin Ci Zhang Yun Zhifu Yang Hua Ci Su Dongpo
Much like a flower, it seems that it is not a flower, and no one falls to the ground. Throwing it on the side of the road seems heartless, but it is full of affection. It was she who was injured, euphemistically confused, trying to open her mouth but closing it tightly. To go with the wind, to find a loved one, but also by the relentless call of the oriole.
I don't hate this kind of flowers falling completely, but I hate the West Garden, which is full of withered flowers. Where are the traces when it rains? A pool of ping is broken. If the spring scenery is divided into three parts, two of them become dust, and the other part disappears when it falls into the water. Fine, it seems that it is not easy, it is a crystal tear.
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Su Ci is famous for its boldness, but there are also graceful and restrained works, and this song "Shui Long Yin" is one of them. It turned a "heartless" flower into a "thoughtful" person by the way of leaving home in late spring, and expressed universal sadness with lingering bitterness and ethereal flying. At the end of the article, "it seems that it is not a small flower, but a little bit is a drop of tears." It's really an ambitious pen. It has been repeatedly recited and pondered by people for thousands of years, which is a stroke of genius.
Shang que's first sentence, "Like a flower is still like a non-flower", is extraordinary and intriguing. It not only eulogizes the image, but also describes people's feelings, and accurately grasps the unique "romantic style" of Huayang's "flowers are not flowers": it is called "Huayang", which blooms with all things, * * * decorates the spring scenery and sends it away; Say it is "like a flower", it is light and tasteless, small in shape, invisible in the branches, never conspicuous and pitied.
The second sentence is "no one regrets teaching." A word "falling" gave Huayang the feeling of falling; A word "poor" has a strong emotional color. "Nobody cares" means that although there are many people who care about flowers in the world, there are very few people who care about Yang Hua. Here, the contrast method is used to secretly cherish Huayang's feelings and find the foreshadowing for the next rain.
"Leaving the roadside, thoughtless and thoughtful" inherits the word "fall" and writes that Huayang fell to the ground from the branch and never returned. Leaving home, instead of leaving the branches, seems heartless, just like Han Yu said, "I have no talent with Yu pod, but I can only solve the flying snow all over the sky" (late spring), but in fact I think deeply, just like Du Fu said, "There is love in my hair" (Bai Sixing). At this point, I saw the clue of personification, which is also for the following book.
"I miss my heart. I'm sleepy. I want to open it, but I still close it." These three sentences were written by Huayang to Liu Shu, who also used Liu Shu as a metaphor to think about women and leave people. It can be said that what is recited is unique and has a strange imagination.
The following sentence in Dream Follow was poetically translated by Jin Changxu in the Tang Dynasty into "Spring Complaint": "It's fun to drive orioles out of trees. They woke her up when she was dreaming and said that she had gone to the camp in western Liaoning to meet him there. "With Yang Huazhi's dance, they wrote down the annoying dream of thinking about women because they were not pregnant. They talked about things, talked about them, and their feelings were lingering and sad. It can be said that things are out of love, reflecting things with feelings, blending scenes and being light.
"Next Tan" begins with "I don't hate this flower flying out, I hate the West Garden being difficult to compose." Here, the author sets off Huayang with "Falling Red" and expresses his sympathy for Huayang.
Then I asked about the trace of Huayang from "It's Dawn and Rain", which further highlighted the spring hatred of leaving people. In the sentence "A pool of duckweed breaks", Su Shi noted that "Huayang falls into the water as duckweed, which proves its truth."
The following "three points in spring, two points in dust and one point in water" is an absurd and extremely exaggerated technique. Here, the clever use of numbers conveys the author's feelings of loving flowers and hurting spring. At this point, Huayang's final destination is in perfect harmony with the poet's longing for spring, which pushes the theme of chanting things and expressing feelings to a climax. At the end of the article, "it seems that it is not a flower, but a little bit is a tear." In short, the above has been collected, both clean and delicious. It is associated with the tears of women's thinking flowing out of the running water in front of us; The flowers in the sky are reflected in the tears of the thinking woman, which can be described as the combination of reality and falsehood, and the combination of reality and falsehood is full of fun. This ingenious combination of scenes echoes Shang Qi's first sentence, "Like a flower is still like a non-flower", which makes the finishing point to summarize and contrast the main idea of the whole word, giving people a aftertaste.
Su Shi (1037 ~11year), a famous writer and painter in the Song Dynasty (Northern Song Dynasty), was named "Dongpo Jushi" and was born in Meishan, Meizhou, Sichuan. He, his father, Su Xun, and his younger brother, Su Zhe, are famous for their literature, and they are called "Su San" in the world. It is the same as "Cao San and his son" (Cao Cao, Cao Pi, Cao Zhi) at the end of Han Dynasty. In addition, Su Shi, Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan in the Tang Dynasty were called "the eight great masters in Tang and Song Dynasties" together with Ouyang Xiu, Su Xun, Su Zhe, Wang Anshi and Ceng Gong in the Song Dynasty. Together with Huang Tingjian, Mi Fei and Cai Xiang, they are called "Song Sijia", the calligrapher who can best represent the achievements of calligraphy in Song Dynasty.
His father, Su Xun, was the "Sue" mentioned in The Amethyst at the age of 27. Su Xun got angry late, but he worked hard. In his later years, Su Shi recalled his childhood experience of studying with his father and felt that he was deeply influenced by his father. Of course, without Su Xun's hard work, Su Shi would not have been able to get a good tutor since he was a child, let alone "learn the history of general classics, which belongs to thousands of words every day", let alone have a future literary master.
In the first year of Jiayou (1056), 21-year-old Su Shi left Sichuan for Beijing for the first time to take the imperial examination in the imperial court. The following year, he took the examination of the Ministry of Rites, won the appreciation of Ouyang Xiu, the examiner, with an article on loyalty to punishment, and became a scholar in high school.
In the sixth year of Jiayou, Su Shi took the Chinese secondary school exam, which is usually called "three-year Beijing Examination", got the third grade, and signed a book for the judge in Dali. Later, his father died in Bianjing, and Ding returned to his hometown. In the second year of Xining (1069), he returned to the DPRK after his term of office, and he was still appointed.
Su Shi has been away from Beijing for several years, and great changes have taken place in North Korea. After Zongshen ascended the throne, he appointed Wang Anshi to support the political reform. Many of Su Shi's teachers and friends, including Ouyang Xiu, who admired him at the beginning, were forced to leave Beijing because they disagreed with the new country Wang Anshi's implementation of the new law. The old rain in the ruling and opposition parties faded away, and what Su Shi saw in his eyes was no longer the "peaceful and prosperous times" he saw at the age of twenty.
On his way back to Beijing, Su Shi saw the harm of the new law to ordinary people, so he disagreed with Prime Minister Wang Anshi and thought that the new law could not facilitate the people, so he wrote a letter of opposition. As a result, like his teachers and friends who were forced to leave Beijing, they were not allowed to stay in the court. So Su Shi asked for his release and was transferred to Hangzhou to serve as a general.
Su Shi stayed in Hangzhou for three years. After his term, he was transferred to Mizhou, Xuzhou, Huzhou and other places.
This lasted for about ten years, and Su Shi met the first disaster in his life. At that time, someone deliberately distorted his poems and made a big fuss. In the second year of Yuanfeng (1079), Su Shi arrived in Huzhou for less than three months, and was arrested and imprisoned for writing poems to satirize the new law, which is known as Wutai Poetry Case.
Su Shi was in prison 103 days, almost on the verge of being beheaded. Thanks to the national policy of not killing ministers during Mao's reign in the Northern Song Dynasty, Su Shi escaped.
After he was released from prison, Su Shi was demoted to Yong Lian of Huangzhou Regiment (equivalent to the vice captain of modern civil self-defense forces). This position is quite humble, and at this time, Su Shi has been disheartened after this prison. In his spare time, he leads his family to reclaim wasteland and farms to help make a living. The nickname "Dongpo lay man" was given to him at this moment.
In the seventh year of Yuanfeng in Song Shenzong, Su Shi left Huangzhou for Ruzhou. Due to the long distance and tiring journey, Su Shi's children died unfortunately. Ruzhou is far away, and all the tolls have been used up. Coupled with the pain of losing his son, Su Shi wrote to the court, requesting not to go to Ruzhou for the time being, and to live in Changzhou first, and then was approved. When he was ready to return to Changzhou, Zongshen passed away.
Zhezong ascended the throne, the high queen mother listened to politics, the new party forces fell, and Sima Guang was re-enabled as prime minister. So Su Shi was recalled to North Korea as a doctor by the Ministry of Rites in 1998. In the first half of the month, I was promoted to the residence of Sheren, and three months later, I was promoted to the Chinese Book Sheren, so I was promoted to the bachelor's degree in Hanlin.
As the saying goes, "Beijing officials are not easy to be." Su Shi saw the emerging forces desperately suppressing the figures of Wang Anshi Group and abolishing the new law. He thought that they were just birds of a feather with the so-called "Wang Dang" and once again offered advice and suggestions to the emperor.
So far, Su Shi can neither tolerate the new party nor forgive the old party, so he once again asked for a transfer. As a bachelor of Longtuge, he went to Hangzhou as a prefect again after a long absence of 16 years. Su Shi built a major water conservancy project in Hangzhou, dredged the West Lake, and built a dam beside the West Lake with dredged silt, which is the famous "Su Causeway".
Su Shi lived happily in Hangzhou and compared himself to Bai Juyi in the Tang Dynasty. But in his sixth year in Yuan You, he was recalled to North Korea. But he was soon released to Yingzhou because of political disagreement. In the eighth year of Yuan You (1093), the new party came to power again. He was demoted to Huizhou resettlement, and later he was demoted to another family in Danzhou (now Danxian County, Hainan Province) and Changhua Army resettlement on the charge of "ridiculing the first dynasty". Hui Zong acceded to the throne, transferred to Lianzhou for resettlement, and served as deputy special envoy and Yongzhou for resettlement. In the third year (1 10 1), Fu Yuan was pardoned and restored to the classical style. On his way back to the North, he died in Changzhou, posthumous title. At the age of 66.
Su Shi's literary and artistic achievements
Su Shi's literary view comes down in one continuous line with Ouyang Xiu's, but he emphasizes the originality, expressiveness and artistic value of literature. His literary thoughts emphasize "doing something and not doing something", advocating nature, getting rid of bondage, and "innovating statutes and releasing wonderful ideas". He believes that composition should be "like running water, with no definite quality at first, but always do what you should do and always stop where you can't stop." The artistic realm of "natural arts and sciences, rich body" ("Thank the teacher's book"). Su Shi's prose works are rich, and he is also known as Han Yu, Liu Zongyuan and Ouyang Xiu. The style of the article is concise and smooth, and it is unrestrained. Shi Dehong's Postscript Dongpo (Left and Right) Chi Ji said: "His writing style is like water, and his waves are naturally written." Su Shi and Ouyang Xiu, both called "Ou Su", are one of the "Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties".
After Su Shi was promoted wholeheartedly, Huang Tingjian and Qin Guan went out of his door.
There are about 4,000 existing Su poems, which have a wide range of contents and diverse styles, but they are mainly bold and unconstrained, with changeable brushwork and romantic color, which has opened up a new road for the development of Song poetry. Xie Tiao's "The Original Poetry" said: "The realm of Su Shi's poetry has never existed in ancient and modern times, and everything in the world has been inspired by God." Zhao Yi's "Ou Bei Shi Hua" said: "It is a spectacular sight for a generation to take literature as poetry and go from Changli to Dongpo Yida. ..... Especially out of reach, born with a healthy pen, as cold as a sad pear. Cut together quickly, and there is a sense of secrecy that must be achieved. Therefore, after Li and Du, it is a big family, not as good as Li and Du Chu. "
There are more than 340 poems written by Su Shi, which break through the narrow theme of writing about love and parting between men and women and have a wide range of social contents. Su Shi occupies a special position in the history of China Ci. He extended the spirit of the poetic innovation movement in the Northern Song Dynasty to the field of Ci, swept away the traditional style of Ci since the late Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties, and created an unconstrained Ci school that kept pace with the graceful school, expanded the theme of Ci, enriched the artistic conception of Ci, broke through the boundary between poetry and poetry, and made great contributions to the innovative development of Ci. His representative works include Nian Nujiao and Shuidiao Tou, which created the first example of unconstrained ci, and was also called "Su Xin" with Xin Qiji. Liu Chenweng's Preface to Xinjiaxuan said: "The word reaches Dongpo, which is aboveboard, like poetry, prose and wonders of heaven and earth."
Su Shi is also good at regular script, and he is also called "Song Sijia" with Huang Tingjian, Mi Fei and Cai Xiang. Zeng studied under the famous artists of Jin, Tang and Five Dynasties, and worshipped Wang Sengqian, Li Yong, Xu Hao, Yan Zhenqing and Yang Ningshi, and became a family of his own. Ziyun: "I can't have published a book"; There is another cloud: "Be innovative and don't practice the ancients." Huang Tingjian said: "In his early years, his pen was refined, not as natural as his boss"; Another cloud said, "When I arrived in Huangzhou, my pen was very strong." In his later years, he was influenced by overseas storms. In addition, his knowledge, mind and knowledge are outstanding everywhere, and his life has been ups and downs. His calligraphy style is rich and naive. You can imagine that he is a person by looking at his calligraphy. People and books respect each other. At that time, his brothers, sons and nephews, You, Mai and Guo, as well as his friends and Zhao Lingzhi studied under him. Later, famous historical figures such as Li Gang, Han Shizhong, Lu You, Wu Kuan and Zhang Zhidong also learned from him in the Qing Dynasty, which shows the great influence. Huang Tingjian said in Valley Collection: "Those who are good at books in this dynasty should take (Su) as the first."
Su Shi draws ink and bamboo in his paintings, drawing lessons from the same style of writing (that is, writing is capable), which is more concise than writing and has the potential to dance. Mi Fei said that he "made ink bamboo, from the ground to the top. I asked: Why not divide it into sections? Say: When bamboo is born, why is it born one by one? " He is also good at making ancient trees and strange stones. Mi Fei also said: "Use dead trees as branches and bend them for no reason;" The stone is hard and strange and unreasonable, such as the depression in his chest. " It can be seen that his paintings are very strange and he wants to send them far away. His theory of painting and calligraphy is outstanding and his painting theory has far-reaching influence. For example, attaching importance to the spirit likeness, advocating the feelings outside the painting, painting should be entrusted, opposing the similarity of forms and the limitation of procedures, advocating the unity, artistry and freshness of poetry and painting, and clearly putting forward the concept of "literati painting", which laid a theoretical foundation for the subsequent development of "literati painting". The existing books include Huangzhou Cold Food Poem, Cliff Ode, Thank the Teacher's Paper and several essays in Sacrifice to the Yellow Emperor. The surviving paintings are "Ancient Wood and Strange Stone"; The Xiaoxiang Bamboo Stone Scroll discovered in recent years is also his work.
In Song Dynasty, Su Shi made great achievements in poetry, prose, ci, calligraphy and painting. He is a rare literary genius in the history of China. For all Su Shi's works, please refer to the Collection of Su Shi's Works of Baidu Guoxue: