Qufu was the capital of the Lu State in ancient times and the hometown of Confucius. It is known as the "Holy City of the East". It is located in the southwest of Shandong Province, 135 kilometers north of Jinan, the provincial capital. It connects Sishui to the east, Yanzhou to the west, Zoucheng to the south, and Mount Tai to the north. The total area is 895.93 square kilometers. It is one of the counties and cities under the jurisdiction of the province, and its administrative division belongs to Jining.
Spring is here, the beginning of the year and the beginning of our 2018 tourism year. During the Spring Festival twenty years ago, our family visited Qufu and visited the Confucius Temple, Confucius Mansion, and Confucius Forestry. In 2017, the three holes were open to the elderly over 60 years old free of charge. With admiration for the saint, we revisited our old place. We took the train at 5:20 a.m. on March 6 and arrived in Qufu, a famous historical and cultural city famous both at home and abroad, after 2 hours and 30 minutes.
The south gate of the Confucius Temple, the 2018 CCTV Spring Festival Gala Shandong Qufu branch venue.
The four characters "Wanqi Palace Wall" under the city wall were written by Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty.
Qufu is the hometown of Confucius, the great thinker, educator and founder of Confucianism in ancient China.
The long history and splendid culture have left Qufu with a large number of cultural relics, including more than 110. Among them, the Confucius Temple, Confucius Mansion, Confucius Forest and the Ancient City of Lu were listed among the first batch in the country. Announced key cultural relics protection units. "Three Holes" was listed as a World Cultural Heritage by the United Nations in 1994!
The Confucius Temple is the Temple of Confucius, also known as the Temple of Confucius. It is the largest temple dedicated to Confucius in China and the place where ancient Chinese feudal dynasties worshiped Confucius. First built in 478 BC on the former residence of Confucius, it is the first and model for thousands of Confucius temples around the world!
Jin Sheng Yu Zhen Stone Square was built in the Ming Dynasty. The four characters "Jin Sheng Yu Zhen" were inscribed by Hu Zuanzong, a famous calligrapher in the Ming Dynasty.
Lingxing Gate is the first gate of Confucius Temple. Lingxing is the spiritual star. In ancient times, when offering sacrifices to heaven, the spiritual star must be sacrificed first, which means respecting Confucius as respecting heaven.
Zhisheng Temple, "Zhisheng" praises Confucius as a person with the highest moral standards. The ornaments such as Chinese watches and evil spirits on the square have the meaning of majesty and solemnity.
Shengshi Gate, the second gate of Confucius Temple. After crossing the Shengshi Gate on the Bi-Shui Bridge, a huge courtyard suddenly opened up, with ancient cypresses reaching into the sky and lush grass. There are three arch bridges facing it, built in the Ming Dynasty.
Hongdao Gate is the third gate of the Confucius Temple. This door means that if people want to achieve something in learning, they must step into the "Hongdao Gate" and become a useful member of society!
Stepping into Hongdao Gate in the new year, hold the doornail in hand to ask for a good omen!
Dazhong Gate was the main entrance of the Confucius Temple in the Song Dynasty. "Dazhong" praises Confucius' "gold mean". The middle is the right way in the world, and the mediocrity is the rule of the world. What is unbiased is the middle, and what is not easy is the mediocrity. The "gold mean" is the only correct way in the world that can exist independently and is impartial.
Tongwenmen. Chinese palace buildings often have small barriers in front of the main building to show solemnity. There is no wall around Tongwenmen, and it is independent in front of Kuiwen Pavilion, playing the role of a barrier.
Kuiwen Pavilion. One of the main buildings of the Confucius Temple, it is famous for its rich collection of books and unique architecture. It was first built in the second year of Tianxi reign of the Song Dynasty (AD 1018). It was originally called the Library and was renamed "Kuiwen Pavilion" in the Jin Dynasty.
Kuiwen Pavilion has three floors of cornices and four layers of brackets. The structure is reasonable and solid. After hundreds of years of ups and downs and many earthquakes, Kuiwen Pavilion is safe and sound. It is worthy of being an ancient wooden structure. Architectural masterpiece!
On both sides of the front of Kuiwen Pavilion are four imperial steles from the Ming Dynasty. People are used to calling it "Guituo Monument", but in fact its name is "Bi Dai" (bi, xi), the son of the dragon in myths and legends. The characteristics of Bi? are dragon head, turtle back, eagle claws and snake tail. It is good at carrying heavy loads and can live long, so rulers use it to carry imperial monuments.
The Confucius Temple was continuously repaired and expanded, and reached its current size during the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
Legend has it that Emperor Qianlong came to pay homage to Confucius. When he was tired from walking, he leaned against a cypress tree to take a nap. The cypress tree received the dragon's energy and grew into what it is now, so it was called Dragon Cypress.
When tourists come here, they will give them a friendly touch, receive dragon energy, and pray for a long life!
In the north of the Thirteen Steles Pavilion, five gates line up and divide the Confucius Temple into three roads. In the east is the Chengsheng Gate, where Confucius’s ancestors from the last five generations are worshiped; in the west is the Qisheng Gate, where Confucius’ parents are worshipped; in the middle, there are three gates side by side, with Dacheng Gate in the middle, and the gates on both sides are the Jinsheng Gate and the Yuzhen Gate. .
The master planted the cypress stone tablet by hand. The tall and vigorous cypress tree on the east side of Dacheng Gate was planted by Confucius.
During the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, Yang Guangxun, a talented scholar, inscribed five characters: "The master planted cypress trees first."
Xingtan is the place where Confucius gave lectures.
Dacheng Hall is the main hall of the Confucius Temple and the central place for worshiping Confucius. Mencius said, "Confucius calls it the culmination of a great success", praising Confucius' thoughts as a culmination of the ancient sages. The vertical plaque in the middle is engraved with three large gilded characters "Dacheng Hall" written by Emperor Yongzheng of the Qing Dynasty.
Dacheng Hall was built in the second year of Tianxi reign of Song Dynasty (1018), but was later destroyed by fire. The existing Dacheng Hall was rebuilt during the Yongzheng period of the Qing Dynasty.
There are 28 stone carved dragon pillars surrounding the corridors of Dacheng Hall, all carved from solid stone, 6 meters high and 0.8 meters in diameter. The 10 branches on the front eaves are in deep relief, with powerful sword techniques and lifelike dragon postures. It was carved by Huizhou craftsmen during the Hongzhi period of the Ming Dynasty.
The golden walls of Dacheng Hall are splendid, with 9 large shrines and 17 statues. The one in the middle is Confucius.
The 18 octagonal stone pillars on the two mountains of Dacheng Hall and the rear eaves are all shallow carvings of Yunlong.
This red wall is called "Lu Bi". When Qin Shihuang burned books and harassed Confucian scholars, Kong Yu, the 9th grandson of Confucius, hid the Analects of Confucius and other classics in this wall. After the wall collapsed, it was discovered that Confucius' classics It has just been passed down to the world. Lubi was built to commemorate Kong Yu’s collection of books.
The well in the former residence of Confucius is located behind the Shili Hall. Because it was the well where Confucius drew water, it has always been called "holy water".
The stone tablet in the pavilion has the inscriptions "Drink water to worship the master" and "Ode to the well of my former residence" written by Emperor Qianlong.
The Confucius Mansion is adjacent to the Confucius Temple, with red lanterns hanging high on the wall, still retaining the festive atmosphere of the Spring Festival!
The Confucius Mansion is the residence of Kong Zongyuan, the forty-sixth generation grandson of Confucius. With a three-way layout and nine courtyards, there are 463 buildings in total, plus the back garden, the total area is 240 acres.
A plaque with the words "Holy Palace" on a blue background and gold characters hangs high in the middle of the gate.
A typical building in my country’s feudal society that integrates the official office and the inner residence
The word "Shou" in the handwriting of the Empress Dowager Cixi.
The "Longevity and Longevity" tablet written by Emperor Daoguang of the Qing Dynasty.
The plaque "Six Generations Hanyi" was handwritten by Emperor Qianlong. At that time, the six generations of the Confucius Mansion lived under the same roof, which means that the six generations lived in harmony and lived a happy life.
The two-story building was a shelter at that time.
The east room of the back hall was where the maids in the house did needlework, and the west room was where relatives and family members were entertained.
Stop being greedy. There is a picture of a unicorn-like animal named "Greed" on the inner wall of the door of Confucius' residence. The Confucius family painted the word "greed" here, which can be seen as soon as they go out. It is to warn their descendants not to be greedy and bend the law. It can also be regarded as an important family motto!
The back garden of the Confucius Mansion was first built in the 16th year of Hongzhi in the Ming Dynasty (1503). After three major repairs, the back garden was completely new and antique, comparable to the royal garden. Covering an area of ??more than 50 acres.
The beautiful scenery of curved bridges, rockeries, pools, and pavilions is like a fairyland.
You can enjoy blooming flowers in the back garden all year round. Famous flowers from all over the world are gathered in one garden. They bloom all year round and remain unbeatable every month.
More than two hundred spring and autumn jujube trees are intertwined with roots, supporting the trees and stretching out, and the crown is like a canopy.
Five cypresses embrace a locust tree, which is more than 500 years old. A locust tree grows out of the five cypress branches. It is not the same species but has the same roots, so this tree is also called the "Five Gentlemen Cypress".
The entire back garden is filled with giant rocks and strange rocks.
The hotel rooms in the ancient city are also decorated in an antique style.
Yan Temple, also called Fusheng Temple, is a temple dedicated to Yan Hui, a disciple of Confucius. In 1594 AD (the 22nd year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty), a temple was built on the former site of Yanzi in the back lane, establishing its current scale.
The stone stele square of Fusheng Temple, with eight-sided stone pillars supporting the eaves, vermillion lacquer door leaves, and painted beams, is very quaint and spectacular.
Yan Hui, also known as Ziyuan, was a disciple of Confucius. He was famous for his virtues. He was poor but eager to learn, and was admired by future generations.
The Fusheng Temple stands on a broad and flat platform, with double eaves and octagonal eaves, nine ridges and four slopes, five ridges and six beasts, and corridors all around. The main hall is surrounded by 26 stone pillars. There are four stone pillars under the front eaves, each of which is deeply carved with two dragons flying up and down. A huge plaque with gold characters on a blue background hangs high above the nave, with the four characters "Pure Body Saint" written by Emperor Qianlong on it.
Visit Wanyan Temple on the way to Konglin.
It is more than 2,000 meters away from Yanmiao to Konglin. You can go there by carriage.
The ancient city wall was originally built in the eighth year of Zhengde in the Ming Dynasty to protect the Confucius Temple.
In the late 1970s, the city wall was demolished and restored in 2001.