1, Zhang Fei
Zhang Fei is good at calligraphy for several reasons:
1. In the Ming Dynasty, Zhuo Erchang's "Interpretation of Painting Essence" contained: "Zhang Fei ... painted beauty and was good at cursive writing."
Second, the Ming Dynasty's "Dan Yin Zong Lu" contains: "There are Zhang Fei and Diao Douming in Fuling, and their plans are very bitter, and books also fly. Zhang Shi said:' The hero in the world is only Yuzhou, and my aunt doesn't hold a grudge. The mountains and rivers are divided into three points, and the Yu Temple is famous for its eight spears. Yan Jianpei, a ancestral temple in Jiangshan, saw a silver hook in Diao Dou. Spare Zhuge Qin to express his opinions, and if Liu is left! " "
Third, "Eight Monks Cliff" Zhang Fei's "Write Immediately" was written immediately after Zhang Fei defeated Zhang Jaw. His words are flowing, meaningful and beautiful, and his text is as follows: "Zhang Fei, the general of Han Dynasty, led thousands of people to death, and broke the thief's head and jaw in Bameng, even if he understood."
4. There is a poem written by Yuan Dynasty in Zhuozhou Chronicle: "......................................................................................................................................................'s riding here refers to Zhang Fei, who is a general riding a bicycle.
Although Wu Dadao's Red Cliff is far from the historical facts in many aspects, it is still quite loyal to history in this regard.
2. Mrs Wu Wangzhao
Mrs Zhao, the king of Wu, is the sister of Zhao Yuan, the prime minister of Wu. She is good at calligraphy and painting, and it is said that her grades are quite high.
3. Xu Xun
Although he is not a great calligrapher, his achievements are not low. Zhong Hui once imitated his handwriting and cheated his sword. It seems that there are some similarities between the two in brushwork.
4. Zhong Hui
This is a famous person in the late Three Kingdoms period. He has been very clever since he was a child. He led the Shu army, achieved political success, and also had certain military talents. But he gave birth to an anti-bone, did not judge the situation, and thought about calling himself king and emperor, and ended up in ruin.
As the son of Zhong You, Laozi is a famous calligrapher in contemporary times. He is influenced by children, and his handwriting is good. He has unique views on calligraphy, and his calligraphy attainments are quite high, which is praised by later generations.
"There are twelve meanings, and the meaning is wonderful." -"On the Advantages and Disadvantages of Ancient and Modern Scholars" Liang Wudi Xiao Yan
"The book has a father's style, a little bones and muscles, and it is good, grass, especially official script. I am floating in the air and have the ambition of Lingyun. " -"Broken Book" by Zhang Huaiguan in the Tang Dynasty
Broken Book also records such a short story about Zhong Hui: "If you can cheat for Xun Xu's book, take the sword from Mrs. Zhong Mu. Brother built tens of millions of houses and didn't move. This is a latent image of Chang Yuan. When you meet your brother, you will feel great. The same will be true of books, and the integration of grass and grass is wonderful. "
This Xun Xu got the essence of the Murong family in Suzhou, Jiangnan: "Give another way out."
It can also be seen from here that Xun Xu's calligraphy attainments are not low, and he is also very good at painting, and his paintings are so vivid.
5. Cai Wenji
Cai Yong is a great writer and calligrapher. As his daughter, Cai Wenji was born in such a family. She is knowledgeable, literate, good at poetry and prose, eloquent, rhythmic and calligraphy is very natural.
It is said that Zhong You's calligraphy, also known as "the sage of calligraphy" Wang Xizhi, was written by her.
6. Wei Xiong
Perhaps there is a glorious father, Wei Xiong's reputation in the history of calligraphy is not so loud, but people's evaluation of him is not low.
"The clock will be eight, official script,, flying white into the wonderful, small seal script into the energy. Brother Kang, the word will, the book of merit. Zixiong, with few words and few seasons, is also a good book. People say, "Father's son. "There are two things that make the world beautiful." -Zhang Huaiguan's Broken Tang Dynasty
"Jingzhao Wei Shouchen, Birthday Bear, Yingchuan Zhong You, Kuzihui, a good official script." —— Zhang Hua, a writer and naturalist in the Western Jin Dynasty.
7. Cao Cao
In history, the evaluation of Cao Cao's calligraphy is mainly the following words: "Golden flowers are fine everywhere, exquisite and exquisite;" Jingyu sparkles, Yao Ruoxi. " "The pen and ink are heroic and heroic."
It seems to be the kind of brushwork that "penetrates the back of the paper and is vigorous and gorgeous".
At the end of the Han Dynasty, there were five famous calligraphers named Cao Zhang. They were Cui Yuan, Cui Shi, Zhang Zhi, Zhang Chang and Cao Cao.
Liang Shouyi's calligraphy works include Cao Cao's calligraphy works.
Zhang praised Cao Cao's calligraphy works as wonderful.
In a letter to Lu Ji, Lu Yun of the Jin Dynasty said, "Cao Gong hides hundreds of thousands of Jin of graphite." .
Although Cao Cao is good at calligraphy, it may be because he is busy with war and politics and has no chance to write, so there is little ink.
Now it is found that Cao Cao's only ink is "Xue Kun", which was written in the twentieth year of Jian 'an (2 15). When Cao Cao journeyed from Zhang Lu to Hanzhong, he passed the stone gate of the plank road throat (now Baocheng, Shaanxi) and saw the scenery in the river, and the words were engraved on the rocks in the river.
The word "snow" indicates the rapid flow of the river. The river hits the stone and splashes water, and the water is like rolling snow waves, so the cloud "snows" (rolls).
In the Qing Dynasty, there was a poem praising: "Flying waves and snow make nests, like the sky descending into the Milky Way. The waves dance with the pen, and the spirit of Wei Wu is full of waves. "
8. Liang Hu
Liang Hu is a master of stereotyped writing, and his achievement comes from a "theft".
At that time, there was a great calligrapher, Shi, whose calligraphy was praised as "straight characters and a thousand words in small characters", so he was very proud. "Sometimes he doesn't drink money in the restaurant, because the book is on its wall, and tourists pay, and the money is enough to destroy it." Every book has to be cut and burned. Liang You is good for his hairpin, but he was drunk and stole his hairpin. "
It was with these "steals" that Liang Hu got the "Hairpin Phoenix", copied it, studied hard and practiced hard, and finally became a generation of stereotyped calligraphers. At that time, people thought that his achievements surpassed those of his teacher Shi.
Although Cao Cao is surrounded by talented calligraphers, he only likes Liang Hu's calligraphy. He often hangs Liang Hu's calligraphy on his account, or books it on the wall and reads it slowly. Even the inscriptions in Cao Cao Palace are mostly written by Liang Hu, which can be said to be "three thousand pets in one".
His calligraphy has been widely praised;
Liang Fan-jian's Book Theory lists Liang Hu, Zhong You and other nine people's eight-point books as the top grade.
In the Tang Dynasty, Li Sizhen's "Hou Shu Pin" listed Gu Liang's books as upper-middle quality;
Xu Wei's "Mo Mi Jiu Pin Shu" listed Gu Liangshu as the top grade;
Zhang's Book End also listed it as a good product.
9. Han Danchun
Han Danchun was a famous calligrapher and writer in Wei during the Three Kingdoms period.
As a writer, his masterpiece is Laughing Forest (the original book has now disappeared), which is also the earliest known book about jokes in the history of China, and its historical value is quite high.
He is knowledgeable and versatile. He studied under Cao Fu, a famous calligrapher at that time, and was good at writing "Insect Seal". His regular script is taken from Wang Cizhong, and he is good at fine print, and his eight-part official script is also very good. ("Four-body Calligraphy") is said to be "exercise book, all bodies can be used."
The main evaluation is:
"Discipline should be observed. Fiona Fang is successful." -Yuan Ang Book Review
"Since Qin used seal script, the first code was burned, and the ancient prose was exclusive. During the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, the Duke of Lu destroyed Confucius' residence and got The Book of History, The Spring and Autumn Annals, The Analects of Confucius and The Book of Filial Piety. At that time, people didn't know there was ancient prose, so they called it a science and technology book, hoping to see it. Wei Chu's ancient prose was born in embarrassment —— Preface to Wei Heng's Four-style Books and Ancient Prose.
"Good Cang, Ya, Insect, Seal and False Decoration." -"Wei lue"
Han Danchun also wrote an inscription for Cao E, and Cai Yong took refuge in Huiji, praising the inscription "wonderful words". The Romance of the Three Kingdoms told this story, saying that Cai Yong wrote "yellow silk young woman, grandson mortar", and Yang Xiu, who was too clever, revealed the answer before A Xin, which caused him fatal disaster.
Dan Wei 10
During the Three Kingdoms period, Wei was a famous calligrapher and Mohist, as well as Han Danchun and Han Danchun. It is said that he studied under Han Danchun.
Historically, the evaluation is: "All books are good, and the title department is especially good." He is not only proficient in cursive script, regular script and stereotyped writing, but also proficient in seal script. The inscriptions on the royal treasures of Wei Palace were basically written by him. (Four-body Book)
There is a story about him, "Wei Shengchen's inscription must be white", which is no less than Wu Zixu's hoary head when he crossed Zhaoguan, and man called hero's fighting against Fusang ronin.
At that time, LingYuntai had just been built, and Cao Rui ordered Wei Zhushou to write a plaque. Because of the craftsman's mistake (perhaps deliberately playing tricks on people), the plaque has already been embedded in the altar, so it can only be written on the plaque in the cage full of Wei Shengchen.
According to records, at that time, the plaque was more than 25 feet from the ground, and the wind was very strong. Wei Xian's hair turned white after writing. Frightened by this, he made a family motto, and from then on, his descendants will never do "big characters" again.
The ink made in Dan Wei is called "Dan Wei ink", which is a precious ink in ancient times and is known as; "A hundred years is like a stone, and a little bit is like paint."
In Qi Yao Min Shu, Jia Sixie once recorded Dan Wei's ink-making method: "Add real pearls and musk, pound them under an iron mortar, and pound them into a pestle of 30,000."
There is also a kind of Wei Xianbi, which is said to be made by Shan Wei and can achieve four virtues. Its method takes strength as the pillar and softness as the quilt. To this end, he wrote Bi Jing.
People's evaluation of his calligraphy;
"Like a dragon like a tiger, the sword goes sideways." -Yuan Ang book review "Jingzhao Wei's Birthday, Birthday Bear, Yingchuan Zhongyou, Kuzi Club, Good Official Letter". -Zhang Hua, a writer and naturalist in the Western Jin Dynasty
Zhao Hu 1 1
Zhao Hu is very talented. Some people think that from the scattered written records in some historical materials and ancient books, Zhao Hu's talent and wisdom are by no means under Zhuge Liang.
Zhao Hu has made great achievements in calligraphy. At that time, he was as famous as Han, Han and Han.
In calligraphy, Zhao Hu learned from Liu Desheng, bringing forth the old and bringing forth the new, and developed the running script to a new height. So it is as famous as Zhong You, another calligrapher in the Three Kingdoms period. "The bell is small, but Hu Jiahao lets it go", which is also called ""by the world.
Zhao Hu's running script calligraphy was widely admired by the literati at that time, so that "faithful traces, moving to see the model" became an example for people to learn and copy.
The main evaluation of future generations is:
"Zhao and Zhong You are neck and neck, both good at grass and fat and thin." -Wei Heng
"Hu Zhaoshan's official script." -Zhang Hua
"Zhao Hu got the bones of Zhang Zhi, Suo Jing got his meat, and Wei Sheng got his muscles."-Yang Xin.
Wei Ji 12
Wei Ji was a famous litterateur in the Three Kingdoms period and a well-informed political figure in the Cao Wei regime, who was famous for his talent and learning. (Biography of the Three Kingdoms Wei Ji: "Wei Ji is king, and there are many allusions." )
He was also a famous calligrapher at that time. There is nothing he is not good at in ancient prose, bird prints and official scripts. He wrote many inscriptions at that time.
Many experts believe that Wei Ji was the only calligrapher who could keep pace with Zhong You at that time.
A Brief History of Books says that he is good at ancient Chinese, seal script, official script and cursive script.
It is said that the ancient prose "Shangshu" written by him in "Four-style Book Interpretation" is no different from Han Danchun, a great calligrapher, and even Han Danchun himself is hard to recognize.
The end of the book lists its seal script, official script and Cao Zhang as functional products;
Kang Youwei wrote a chapter on "The Eighth Biography of Wei" in his book "Two Boats in Guangyi", arguing that "the cursive script is a little sparse" and "only the books of this Sect should be based on bones and muscles", and he is the "founder" of this Sect. He even thought that "the Chinese school flourished in the south and the Wei school flourished in the north" and that "the books of later generations are all these two schools".
Main assessment:
"Good grass and good prose, just do your best. The grass is slightly thinner and the handwriting is skillful. " -Yang Xin's "Ancient Books"
"Rare materials, or hard to find, are also worth the price of the right army cursive script." -Zhang Huaiguan's Book Break
13, Zhong You
Zhong You, who was born in a noble family in the Eastern Han Dynasty, was quite talented and highly valued by Cao Cao, Cao Pi and Cao Rui.
Zhong You is not only politically and militarily prosperous, but also praiseworthy in his achievements in calligraphy, that is, he occupies a very important position in the history of calligraphy in China.
It is said that Zhong You's calligraphy came from Cai Wenji, Cai Wenji came from the biography of his father Cai Yong, and Cai Yong's calligraphy was given by God. Although there is a "myth", it can be seen that his book is extraordinary.
A good example is that Zhong You later passed this on to Mrs Wei. Who is this Mrs Wei? Our respected "book sage" Wang Xizhi is his successor.
At the same time, Zhong You also studied under several famous calligraphers at that time. It can be said that he is a calligrapher who combines the strengths of others and creates his own new style. His brushwork is simple and elegant, and the font size is alternating. His overall layout is rigorous and meticulous, and he loves the pursuit of calligraphy in later generations.
Zhong You is good at three kinds of calligraphy. According to the book "Abstracts of Ancient Books", "The clock has three bodies, and the inscription book (regular script) is the best; Two, the articles of association (official script) to the secretary to teach primary school; In the third grade, I want to write a book (running script), and those who hear it are also. "
Its representatives are "five tables", "six columns" and "three monuments" (The original has been lost, mostly copied. )
He concentrated simple ingredients in regular script, broke the routine of official script and changed it into a square script. Thus, Zhong You became the ancestor of regular script. Later, he and Wang Xizhi were called "Zhong Wang" together.
14, Cai Yong
Zhong You is the second generation of Cai Yong's calligraphy, and his calligraphy was obtained from Cai Wenji, the daughter of Cai Yong. Thus, Cai Yong's calligraphy has become famous all over the world.
Cai Yong was a famous writer and calligrapher at that time. Strictly speaking, he is from the Eastern Han Dynasty. Historians often regard the outbreak of the Yellow Scarf Uprising in 184 as the upper limit of the Three Kingdoms, and the fall of Wu in 280 as the lower limit of the Three Kingdoms, which can also be considered as a Three Kingdoms.
Cai Yong is a generalist, who likes writing, mathematics, astronomy and is good at melody. In calligraphy, he is good at seal cutting and official seal. Li Shu, in particular, has the deepest attainments and the highest reputation, and has the evaluation of "Cai Yong's book is vigorous and refreshing".
Emperor Ling ordered people to repair the Hongdu Department (the imperial library was called Hongdu in the Eastern Han Dynasty), and craftsmen used brooms to sweep white powder and write on the wall. Cai Yong got inspiration from it and created the Book of Flying White. This style of writing, which is a simple sketch, seems to be written with a dry pen, and it is a unique style of writing.
During the period of Emperor Ling of Han Dynasty, due to the infiltration of vulgar Confucianism, many fallacies appeared in the Confucian classics. Therefore, Tang Xidian, a doctor with five senses, and Yang Ci, a doctor with light way, asked Zhengding to write the Six Classics, and they got the permission of the Lingdi.
Cai Yong wrote the scriptures on a tablet, which was carved by craftsmen and stood outside imperial academy. There are 46 pieces, which are called Hongdu Shijing and Xiping Shijing in the world. When the monument was first erected, visitors and modelers took more than 1000 cars every day, blocking the streets.
Commenting on Cai Yong's The Book of Flying Whites, Zhang Tang said, "Flying Whites is wonderful.".