Pen was introduced to China during the Revolution of 1911, because people in China used brush to write soft-brush calligraphy. Since the founding of New China, pens have been loved by intellectuals for their fluency and quickness. Therefore, according to the characteristics of calligraphy, hard-pen calligraphy came into being. The first hard-pen calligrapher in China was Pang Zhonghua.
I hope I can help you.