Maling Mountain
Stone Monument in Maling Mountain
The Maling Ancient Road is located in Maling Mountain in Tancheng County, Linyi City. It is said that Sun Bin and Pang Juan fought here during the Warring States Period. Maling Mountain is the remaining vein of Yimeng Mountain, which runs from north to south, with an altitude of 8 to 18 meters. According to Wei Ce, the Warring States Policy, "Cutting Qi is my enemy, and it goes beyond the Yellow River." Wei's war of cutting Qi passed through Maling Ancient Road. The Records of Yizhou, which was revised during the reign of Emperor Qianlong of Qing Dynasty, also recorded: "When Wei was cut together, Sun Zi won Pang Juan here."
Maling Mountain has a long ancient road. Since the Warring States Period, it has been the main traffic artery between the north and the south, and it is also an important local cultural landmark. Numerous literati have stopped here and left poems. Time flies, things are different, but today people can still feel the scenery of thousands of years ago from these poems.
Ancient battlefield heroes
Looking through the local historical materials in Tancheng County, you can find a rhythmic poem written by Hu Ceng in the Tang Dynasty, which may be the earliest ancient poem describing Malingshan. Hu Ceng, a native of Shaoyang, Hunan Province, is very fond of traveling. He stayed in Chang 'an after referring to Jinshi. In the 12th year of Xian Tong (871), when Luyan was appointed as our envoy of Jiannan Xichuan (now Sichuan Province), he called Hu Ceng as the secretary in charge. Since then, Hu Ceng has worked in various places and passed Maling Mountain. In the White Book of Maling, he wrote: "The cold wind blows in September, driving Rong alone in front of Maling. I remember the year when the general broke the enemy. " Between the mountains and rivers, the poet still thinks of a moment in the Battle of Maling: Pang Juan was lured into the mountains by Sun Bin and saw "Pang Juan died under this tree" written on the trunk beside the road.
After hundreds of years, Wen Tianxiang, a patriotic poet who has made great achievements in history, also came to Maling Mountain. Wen Tianxiang was once the official to the right prime minister. In the third year of Jingyan in the Southern Song Dynasty (1278), he was captured by the Yuan Army in Wupoling, Haifeng County, Guangdong Province. On April 22, in the second year of Xiangxing in the Southern Song Dynasty (1279), he was taken to Yanjing (now Beijing). When passing through Siwu Mountain (now Maling Mountain), he stopped at Siwu Inn and wrote two poems here, one of which was named. Enter the dragon won't stop, and tobacco is endless in Wan Li. Fan Chong, the hero of the ancient Liu Ji, has been a thousand years old. "
Maling Mountain, as an ancient battlefield, is also a heroic place from another angle, so when the literati passing by see the vast landscape, most of them feel sorry for the past and express their feelings. In the Ming Dynasty, Wu Weiye, a scholar in Chongzhen, left here the book "Nostalgia for the Next Phase": "Drive to Maling Mountain and see the next phase at sunset. Recalling the king of Chu in the past, how strong it is to pull out the mountains. It' s not a mistake to breathe too much and take the ancestors. Break the kettle and save Handan, and you will be successful in entering the customs. Killing and surrendering my father is no better than a vassal general. A glass of wine will release Pei Gong, which is extremely valuable. " Malingshan is not far from Pei County, Liu Bang's hometown, and the story of Chu-Han hegemony was once again mentioned by Wu Weiye. During the Chongzhen period, the Ming Dynasty was beset with domestic troubles and foreign invasion. As an official in the DPRK, Wu Weiye was deeply concerned about current affairs and issued a message, "I visited the ruins and climbed to see Mang Miao. Changling unexpectedly smashed the earth, and everything was the same as melancholy.
Until the Qing Dynasty, the ancient Maling Road was still the main road between the north and the south. According to historical records, Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty traveled six times to the south of the Yangtze River, that is, from the ancient Maling Road (in Tancheng County, the northern part of Maling Mountain) to the south through Honghuabu (now in xinyi city, Jiangsu Province). Here, Qianlong left three poems describing the scenery of Siwu Mountain. Siwushan: "The green field is covered with Ping Ling's emerald pattern, and it's small and meaningful. Zhong Wu was only a fist stone when he was on the road, which was a bit of a show. " "Crossing Siwu Mountain": "Seeing the people and driving the United States for three times, the spring breeze has returned to Siwu. Cangsong idle clouds red wall temple, the letter is handed over to Jiangshan painting. " "Crossing Yongji Bridge and Singing with Old Rhymes": "Siwu follows the Tao and follows it." In addition to the Tao, the road is opened. Even the supreme ruler of the feudal dynasty enjoys the best service of that era, and when facing the long journey, he will also express his feelings about the rugged road.
Maling Autumn Moon
Maling Mountain is a branch of Yimeng Mountain, with low hills and hills, which is a rare landscape of hills and hills on the northern Jiangsu Plain. The mountains are winding, the valleys are criss-crossing, and the water bodies (Xianren Lake, Chantang Lake, etc.) distributed between them are as calm as a mirror. The lakeshore has twists and turns, the landscape scale is pleasant, and the combination is extremely natural, which is quite beautiful. On the verdant grass on the hillside, dotted with lush pines and cypresses, it forms a fresh and bright tone with purple rocks, which is especially attractive in the evening haze of Zhaohui.
Due to the special geological conditions, the ancient fossils found on Maling Mountain are extremely rich, precious and rare, including Mesozoic cypress fossils, large pieces of broken branches and leaves, large areas of duckbill dinosaur fossils, Cenozoic elephant fossils, deer fossils, rhinoceros fossils, bear fossils, etc. Therefore, Maling Mountain is known as the "natural museum" and was approved as a provincial geological park by Shandong Province in 27.
This kind of scenery naturally makes many literati linger, leaving many beautiful poems. Among them, the two scenes of "Maling Autumn Moon" and "Siwu Fairy Cave" are the most praised.
Ni Zan, a painter and poet in the Yuan Dynasty, was a native of Wuxi, Jiangsu Province. His poems mostly described landscapes. In "You Si Wu Shan", he described Maling Mountain at that time as follows: "There is water in front of the stone bridge in Siwu, and fish play in the stream to entertain guests. Knocking on the fire to cook tea and thinking about the prime minister, the game in the mountain village is precious in the world. " After visiting mountains and rivers, watching fish in streams, tasting fragrant teas and game, the scholar will probably think of the touching deeds of Wen Tianxiang, the minister of the previous dynasty.
in the Ming dynasty, a poem "autumn moon in Maling" written by He Jiuzhou, a native of Suqian, showed us the quiet night scene of Maling Mountain: "Maling is full of autumn wind, blowing out the blue sky and moon. You don't sleep at night, and the lonely light reflects Huafa. " In addition, two people described the scenery at that time with the title "Autumn Moon in Maling". Li Xun, a poet, wrote: "The white dew and autumn sky are clear and blue, and the moonlight shines like water on the first feast." There are mountains in the north, and the sound of waves hanging around the temple in the east. Wandering in vain, lonely palaces attract immortals. Qinghui can be appreciated everywhere, so why should it be reflected every year? " Quiet valley, lonely night, thoughts are often difficult to gather, at this moment people often like to recall the past years. Wu Yin, a poet, is looking up at the moon: "Maling Mountain is full of tall buildings, and at midnight, toads are born on the earth." The dew-wet phoenix tree is cold and blue, and the clear light hides the jade pot autumn. "
It's not just the night scene, but "Siwu Qingxiao" is not too much compared with "Maling Qiuyue". This scene is named after the early arrival here at dawn. Up to now, Siwu Qingxiao Building is still built in the mountain for tourists to take a rest. Another poem by Li Xun-chen is titled "Siwu Qingxiao": "Swaying lightly and locking the green, making the morning glow with virtual Ran Ran. The bird's song has not awakened the dream of a secluded person, and the leaves of trees are far away at sunrise. The stone door startled the ape to empty his tent, and the moss niche shed wet cloud clothes. Guanlu Road in front of the mountain is full of passengers every year, flying all the red dust. "
Siwu Fairy Cave
Another landscape in Maling Mountain mentioned by poets in past dynasties is Siwu Fairy Cave. There is a cliff not far from Wuhua Top of Maling Mountain to the south. There is a hole at the bottom of the wall, which is eight feet high, nine feet wide and twelve feet deep. This is the well-known Sanxian Cave.
Wang Heng, a native of Tancheng in Qing Dynasty, was a scholar in the 13th year of Qianlong (1748) and was once the magistrate of Putian County, Fujian Province. Wang Heng is good at poetry and calligraphy. After retiring from his hometown, he toured between the mountains and rivers in Tancheng, and many of his poems were included in Tancheng County Records. He described the scenery of this cave in "Qilv Siwu Fairy Cave": "Siwu Fairy Cave is green, and the peach blossoms at the entrance are new year after year." Qu Fu, a native of Pucheng (now Shaanxi) in Qing Dynasty, lived in Tancheng County for more than 4 years, and there are still more than 2 poems he has written so far. His poetic style is famous for his grandeur. He wrote in the poem "You Wu Cave": "It's lonely through Maling Road, all the way to the deep stream. The mouth of the cave is flat and white, and the mouth of the valley is locked with moss. "
Zhang Nenglin, a native of Shuntianfu (now Beijing) in Qing Dynasty, once patrolled Shandong, and he also described the wonders of this cave in his poem "Fairy Cave": "The ancients have got rid of the dust, and there is no place for immortals to hide here. The cliffs are too steep to climb, and the mouth of the cave is vaguely welcoming. The meaning can be divination, poetry bed, stone drum and stone book. More than a well of nectar and water, drinking a hundred cups is as happy as it is. "
in the beautiful landscape, many monks practice. It is said that there used to be an ancient temple, Qingquan Temple, on Maling Mountain, formerly known as yunmen temple, whose founding date has been impossible to verify. The temple is located on a hillside, surrounded by mountains and waters, with an elegant environment. Feng Keshen, who recorded the Tancheng earthquake, wrote a poem entitled "A Tour of Qingquan Temple": "The spirit is clear and reflected in the ancient temples, and when it falls into the cold pool with wild water. If there is a golden mountain in the Qing dynasty, cooking will be as sweet as the jade gorge. At first glance, it is known that the throat can be moistened, so why worry about performance greed? If Lu Weng once visited it, he should be envious of the famous spring in ancient Tan. "
When consulting historical materials, a poetess in Qing Dynasty stood out among the male writers. It is difficult for this poetess to verify her name, except for a signature from Wang Chen. According to records, her family lives in the west of Maling Mountain, and a younger sister lives in the east of Maling Mountain. In the poem "Visiting my sister every spring in the west of Jumaling Mountain", she describes the scenery on Maling Mountain when spring blossoms: "The wind sees the spring scenery, and the rugged road is not lost. Wuhua Fangshu north, three holes and blue clouds west. The mist is a thousand years old, and the spring passes through the ancient stream. The water flows in the red stone path, and people are next to the green willow embankment. "