Find the historical data in 1850.

Traditional calendar year: year number: thirty years of Daoguang in Xuanzong of Qing Dynasty; Memorabilia of the Year of the Dog March 2009 19- American Express Company was established. On July 9th, US President Zachary Taylor died in office, and Vice President Mildred Fillmore became the 13 US President. August 30th-Honolulu was completed. On September 9th, California became the 3rd1th state in the United States. 1850- Born in 65438+1October 6th-Bernstein, leader of German Social Democratic Party. (1932 died) 65438+1October 24th-Ebbinghaus, German psychologist. (1909 passed away) 65438+1October 27th-edward smith, captain of Titanic. (Died at1912) March 27th —— the 23rd Prime Minister of Japan. (Died at1942)1850-Died on February 25th-Daoguang Emperor, Emperor of the Qing Dynasty. (Born in 1782) 17 August-Saint Martin, the leader of the South American War of Independence, died. /kloc-August 0/8-Balzac, French writer (born in 1799) August 26th-Louis Philippe, French king. (Born in1773)165438+1October 22nd-Lin Zexu, a national hero. (Born in 1785) Chronicle of History Daoguang Emperor died in the 30th year of Daoguang (1850). On the 14th day of the first month, Emperor Yuning passed away at the age of 58. After Daoguang ascended the throne, foreign invaders coveted China, and opium smuggling prevailed, which not only brought disaster to the country and people, but also caused a large amount of silver outflow. In order to maintain his rule, he repeatedly banned the import of opium, the cultivation of poppies and the cooking of local tobacco in various provinces. Imperial envoy Lin Zexu went to Guangzhou to ban smoking. After the Opium War broke out, he was arrogant on the surface, weak in heart and ignorant of the world situation. Sometimes he is eager to win, sometimes he compromises and makes peace, and his political affairs are corrupt. The generals were incompetent and the deadly war was lost. He was forced to conclude a series of unequal treaties with foreign invaders, such as the treaty of nanking, which seriously damaged China's sovereignty and territorial integrity and gradually reduced China to a semi-colony. Emperor Xianfeng ascended the throne in the 30th year of Daoguang (1850). On the 26th day of the first month, Emperor Yi Kuang of the Qing Dynasty acceded to the throne, and next year is the first year of Xianfeng. Yiyi is the fourth son of Daoguang Emperor, and his surname is Ai Xinjue Roche. Yi Yi studied with his sixth brother Yi Xin when he was a teenager, and he had a close relationship. Yixin is smart, alert and taciturn, so Yixin is the most important thing in the heart of his father Daoguang Emperor. According to teacher Du Shoutian's plan, after the game, when the princes were hunting in the paddock, they deliberately left empty-handed. Emperor Daoguang asked the reason, and replied, "Birds and beasts are gestating, and princes can't bear to hurt their lives and don't want to compete with their brothers for profits." Daoguang emperor thought that the mantle was kind and suitable for being king, so he made him the heir to the throne. From June, 30 years after Russia invaded the lower reaches of Heilongjiang (1850-1853), to September, the third year of Xianfeng, Russia invaded the lower reaches of Heilongjiang in China for many times, placing a large area of China under its military control. As early as the first month of the 29th year of Daoguang, the Russian government set up the Amur Special Committee and sent an "expedition" at sea to inspect the area around the mouth of Heilongjiang and the northern coast of Sakhalin Island. Muraviev, the governor of Siberia in eastern Russia, decided to "occupy the mouth of Heilongjiang" according to his own investigation results. In June of the 30th year of Daoguang, Newels Coy once again invaded the mouth of Heilongjiang and forcibly landed in Trane, where the monument of Yongning Temple in Ming Dynasty was located. Local officials in China protested, and Newels Coy arrogantly claimed that Russians have a "unique right" to stay here, demanding that China officials leave here immediately, and threatening with a double-barreled pistol, publicly announcing that "the entire Heilongjiang area along the coast of tatar strait and up to the North Korean border, including Sakhalin Island, are Russian territory." On July 6th, Russian invaders occupied Temple Street, openly raised the Russian flag, and announced the establishment of the Nikolayevsk post named after Tsar Nicholas I here. In this regard, Nicholas I expressed great appreciation and brazenly declared: "No matter where the Russian flag is raised, it should not be lowered again." In the second half of the first year of Xianfeng, Newels Coy came to the lower reaches of Heilongjiang for the third time, and sent people to collect information, ready to further plunder the territory of China. In the first month of the third year of Xianfeng, Russia captured a strange collection. In May, it invaded Haji Bay and named it "Emperor Nicholas I Port" (now a Soviet port) without authorization. In July, Kuotun was occupied and Malinsk post was established. On August 30th, Newels Coy invaded the port of Aniva, an excellent harbor at the southern tip of sakhalin island. Two days later, he landed forcibly, raised the Russian flag, set up a Muraviev post in the east of the harbor, and announced: "Sakhalin Island, as a continuation of the lower reaches of Heilongjiang, belongs to Russia." The Russian aggression against the lower reaches of Heilongjiang laid the foundation for further aggression against the whole Heilongjiang River basin. 1 1 month (1850), the worshippers launched a "war to meet the Lord", and worshippers from all over the country arrived in Jintian group camp one after another. Hong Xiuquan and Feng Yunshan secretly planned an armed uprising in Hu Yihuang's home in Renshan Village, Huazhou, Pingnan County, Guangxi. Li Dianyuan, vice president of Zhou Xun Association in Qing Dynasty, visited Wang Si Fair in Pingnan and found that believers gathered in Huazhou area. So he visited Zhang Yong and others with Nitao and Qinchuan (that is, Wang Si), and led the troops to March forward, trained in groups, blocked the intersection, and then isolated Huazhou from the outside world and besieged it. Hong Xiuquan organized local congregations to prepare for resistance, while sending people to Jintian for emergency treatment. Yang and others heard the news and ordered Meng Deen to lead hundreds of soldiers to the rescue. 1 1 20th, at siwangwei, the Qing army was completely annihilated, and Zhang Yong, Li Dianyuan and Ni Tao were beheaded, with only immunity. Meng Deen waited until he entered the village to meet Hong Xiuquan, and the next day Hu Xiuquan returned to Jintian. Cai fought for the camp of Jintian Group, which worships God. The team developed rapidly and gained momentum. The Qing court got the news and quickly sent troops to suppress it. In the 30th year of Daoguang (1850), on November 12th, Zhou Tianjue, the former governor of grain transportation, was the governor of Guangxi, and Li Xingyuan, the former governor of two rivers, was an imperial envoy, and went to Guangxi to handle military affairs. At the end of the month, Zhou Fengqi, commander-in-chief of Qingzhen in Guiping, sent Iqtambu, deputy commander of Qingjiang Association, to lead the Qian army into Jintian Village. The Taiping Army got the news in advance and laid an ambush outside Jintian. On the 29th, when Yi Danbu led his troops through Jiangmu Bridge in Cai Village, he suddenly ambushed everywhere. The Qing army was caught off guard and suddenly it was in chaos. Taiping Army demolished the wooden bridge, cut off the retreat of the Qing army and attacked Iktambu. Zhou Fengqi went to help after hearing the news, but he was defeated again. This was a great victory on the eve of jintian uprising, the Taiping Army, which made the Qing army afraid to speak out of turn. In the 30th year of Daoguang in jintian uprising (185 1), on the 10th day of December, Hong Xiuquan led an uprising in Jintian Village, Guiping County, Guangxi, and the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Revolution officially broke out. It was Hong Xiuquan's 38th birthday. The congregation worshipped God in Jintian Village, declared an uprising, and established the name "Taiping Heavenly Kingdom", which the rebels called "Taiping Army". Hong Xiuquan formulated five disciplines for the Taiping Army: first, abide by the rules; Second, don't be androgynous; Third, don't commit crimes in autumn; Fourth, we should be fair and respectful, and everyone should be bound by leaders; Five, work together, don't get cold feet. The soldiers of Taiping Army all wore casual clothes and red scarves, indicating that they swore allegiance to the Qing Dynasty. 12, the Taiping Army moved eastward and captured the Jiangkou market. Luo Outline, Qiu Ersao, Su Sanniang and other leaders of the Heaven and Earth Society led their troops to join the Taiping Army. 17, Guangxi prefect Xiang Rong led more than 10,000 soldiers to invade the Jiangkou market in two ways. On the sixth day of February, the Taiping Army entered the territory of Wuxuan. On 2 1 day, Hong Xiuquan was called the King of Heaven in Wuxuan Dongxiang, and established the system of military division and commander-in-chief of the five armies. Yang was appointed as the chief strategist, leading the general; Xiao Chaogui is a right-handed, active strategist, leading the former army commander; Feng Yunshan is the leading deputy military adviser, leading the rear army commander; Wei Changhui is the defender and deputy military adviser, leading the commander-in-chief of the right army; Shi Dakai was the commander-in-chief of Zuo Jun, the Taiping Army camped in Dongxiang, and the striker arrived at Lisan Market in the southeast of Wuxuan. On the second day of March, Zhou Tianjue, the governor of Guangxi, and Xiang Rong, the prefect, led the Qing army to attack the Lisan market in the north and south, and the Taiping army rose to meet and defeated the Qing army. On the ninth day of the ninth lunar month, the Qing court sent Cezanne, a university student, as an imperial envoy to Hunan to deal with flood control. On 26th, Zou was appointed as the governor of Guangxi. In April, Wu Lantai, military affairs officer of Guangxi and deputy commander of Guangzhou, arrived in Wuxuan. Taiping Army withdrew from Wuxuan and headed for Xiangzhou. On May 10, Taiping Army defeated Wulantai in Liangshan Village, Duaoling and Maanshan in Xiangzhou, killing 200 people including Ma Shanbao, a Qing army in Guizhou. At the beginning of June, I returned to Guiping Zijingshan and Jin Tianyi. Lin Zexu died in the 30th year of Daoguang (1850). 10 19, Lin zexu died at the age of 67 on his way to Chaozhou, Guangdong. After the Opium War broke out, the British attempt to invade Guangdong failed because of Lin Zexu's strict defense in Guangdong. In September of the twentieth year of Daoguang, he was dismissed for being falsely harmed by the capitulators. Daoguang went to Zhejiang in 2 1 year to help plan coastal defense. The following year, I was exiled to Yili. In Xinjiang, Lin Zexu built water conservancy and reclaimed wasteland. And aware of the threat of Russian colonial expansion, he predicted: "China will eventually be a patient, and Russia is!" In the twenty-fifth year of Daoguang, he was the governor of Shaanxi and Gansu, and was appointed as the governor of Shaanxi the following year. In the twenty-seventh year of Daoguang, he moved to Governor Yungui. Suppressed the uprisings of ethnic minorities in the northwest and southwest. During the term of office of Governor Yu Yungui, he called for allowing investment and raising funds for mining. Daoguang resigned due to illness in 29 years and returned to China. On September 13th, 30th year of Daoguang, Lin Zexu was reinstated as an imperial envoy, and went to Guangxi to suppress the uprising of Heaven and Earth with Zheng Zuchen, Xiang Rong and others. On October 2nd, he got sick and set off. On the 24th, Zheng Zuchen was summoned to his post, and Lin Zexu was appointed as an imperial envoy and temporarily served as the governor of Guangxi. He died in Puning Pavilion in Chaozhou on 19th. After hearing the news of Lin Zexu's death, the local people went on strike, wept in the hutongs and mourned all over the city, in order to mourn this generation of philosophers who dared to resist foreign invasion and were wronged. There are Lin Wenzhong's Official Letter, Ji Fu Water Conservancy Discussion, Yun Zuo Shan Fang Chao, Yun Zuo Shan Fang Shi Chao, Si Zhou Zhi, Lin Wenzhong's Official Letter, and Letters Record. Gao Yong is dead. Gao Yong (1850 ——1921), a native of Hangzhou. Stay in Shanghai. Jiangsu Xiancheng police officer. Meritorious book, good Li (Yong) method. Being able to cursive, painstaking study leads to illness. I am bitter because of the name Li Bi. 1894 After the Sino-Japanese War of 1894, he was renamed as a deaf-mute man. In the first year of Tongzhi (1909), a calligraphy and painting club was established in Shanghai Yuyuan Garden, where Chen occasionally painted and sold to supplement his family. Painted at the Eighth National Congress (Zhu Da) and Shitao (Daoji), the landscape and flowers are cool. After the Revolution of 1911, Huang Guanru made a living by photographing clothes and selling words, and became famous as a citizen. He is good at seal cutting, but he is not very friendly to Qian Shugai. Because of his hand carving, this is a reward for the room. He was seventy-two years old when he died. Fei Xu Dan passed away. Fei (180 1 or 1802- 1850) was originally from wucheng (now Zhejiang). Working portraits, such as taking pictures in front of the mirror, are especially good at complementing the scenery of ladies and are chic. Part-time landscape, flowers, with the elegant brush of Zhan. I write poetry occasionally, just like painting. Calligraphy is rhyme and charm. Selling paintings in Jiangsu and Zhejiang, staying in Hangzhou for the longest time. During the reign of Daoxian (182 1- 1850), there were paintings in Shanghai, and he died at the age of 49. There are still manuscripts of the thatched cottage. Huang Jun died in Huang Jun (1775— 1850) and Yuanhe (now Suzhou, Jiangsu). Heather also knows about Hanyang master book, Syria officer. Painting landscapes, flowers and plum bamboos was wonderful at first, but especially landscapes. Beginners can follow the cave of Falou, write side by side with Wang and dip their pens in ink. Poetry in the late Tang Dynasty, Zhao Mengfu's calligraphy, selling paintings and eating poor, content. I've been talking for more than 20 years. Died at the age of seventy-six. Write the manuscript of Mohua Temple. Huang Shiling died in Huang Shiling (1850—— 1908), from yi county, Anhui. Pass on six books, seal cutting and fine painting. It uses western methods to draw Yi people, especially for artistic appreciation. Father's body is engraved with the animal signs of Chiyou, gluttonous fish, birds and dumplings. More than 30 things, unprecedented writing style, no regrets, the size is also uncomfortable and tired, and the stunt is sincere. In Wu Daying's behavior, Wu Ji's sixteen bronze seals of Jin Fu Zhai were written by Shi Ling and Yin Bohuan. In May (1850), a British missionary and a doctor came to Fuzhou, and the British acting consul Jin Zhier rented a house from a monk in Shenguang Temple, Fujian, for half a year, subject to the approval of Xinglian, the magistrate of Guanxian County. This set a precedent for the British to live in a trading port city. Shenguang Temple was originally a place where local children's clubs taught, but the news that the British rented houses came out and the gentry and the people made a big scene. Lin Zexu, who was sick at home, joined local gentry in writing to the Fuzhou government, demanding the expulsion of the British. Some Fujian officials in the DPRK also expressed their solidarity after hearing the news. Liu Yunke, governor of Fujian and Zhejiang, and Xu Jishe, governor of Fujian, tried to persuade the British to move out on their own to calm the situation, but they were attacked by officials. Emperor Xianfeng gave Shen another imperial edict, so he had to order the local officials to force the British to hand over the house of Shenguang Temple in December and move to the residence of the British translator in Daoshan Temple. This matter is over. In June (1850), when the armed uprising was ripe, Hong Xiuquan issued a general mobilization order to believers everywhere, ordering them to arrive in Jintian Village to "form a camp" before 10/that year. After receiving the order from the regiment, the local congregation immediately sold their land and property and went to Jintian with their families. More than 2,000 people from Zijingshan, unemployed miners 1000 people from Longshan, Gui County led by Qin Rigang, hungry people 1000 people from Guiping led by Su Shijiu, Bobai followers led by Huang, Luchuan followers led by Lai Jiu, and Guixian followers led by Shi Dakai, all around Jin Guo. After arriving in Jintian, all the proceeds from the sale of property will be handed over to the "holy treasury", and everyone's food, clothing and miscellaneous expenses will be collected from the "holy treasury". All members of the regimental camp are divided into male and female camps to make military preparations, receive birds, weapons, clothes and flags, conduct military training and launch an armed struggle with the Qing army. After three years of Daoguang (1850), Zhang Mu was dismissed. 128, Zhang Mu was removed from his post and no longer used. Zhang Mu, a native of Zhenglan Banner in Manchuria, was a scholar in Jiaqing for ten years. He served as Minister of Interior, Commander of Infantry, Minister of War, Minister of Civil Affairs and a college student. Daoguang was deeply trusted by Daoguang. He joined the military in eight years and served as minister of military affairs for more than 20 years. He insisted on the position of "appeasing foreigners", sheltered smugglers and bribed officials, divided the fat from them, and did everything possible to undermine Lin Zexu and others' anti-smoking activities in the dark. After the Opium War broke out, he framed the ministers of the Anti-Japanese War, encouraged Daoguang Emperor to recall Lin Zexu and Deng Tingzhen, and supported Qishan to make humiliating peace with the British invaders. When Britain invaded the Yangtze River valley, he surrendered openly and supported Jianying to conclude an unequal treaty with the invaders. Because of its long ruling time, its cronies and students spread all over the country and overseas, and it is known as the "Mu Party", which is powerful and brings disaster to the country and the people. Emperor Xianfeng was dismissed soon after he ascended the throne and never used it again. Xianfeng died in the sixth year (1856). Getting Started Atlas More Atlas