The inscription of Shang Dynasty was written in ink on Oracle Bone Inscriptions and then on the inscription. The inscriptions of Zhou and Qin dynasties were also written in ink on bamboo slips, wooden slips and silk books, but the ink in the Middle Ages was different from that in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Some are natural mineral graphite, and some are carbon black ink.
Scholars also attach great importance to hermits, such as Mo and "Black Pine Messenger". In fact, the importance of ink, whether qualitative or real: the fluidity, hairiness, uniformity and fragrance of ink will affect the mood of users on site, and also affect the quality and long-term preservation of painting and calligraphy cultural relics.
Production and molding in Mo Ding is another factor besides application. The so-called modeling includes ink plastic arts, such as modeling, writing, painting, sculpture, appearance decoration after modeling and so on. The highest level can satisfy long-term visual and spiritual values. Black smoke is a black powder produced by the decomposition of various oils under anaerobic conditions. The commonly used materials for making black smoke are pine, tung oil, rapeseed oil, sesame oil, cottonseed oil, lard, whale oil, mineral coal and oil.
Due to different raw materials, the quality of black smoke is also different. In this experiment, only the most commonly used raw materials for ink making were analyzed: pine smoke, tung oil fume and carbon black. There are many factors that affect the quality of Mo Ding, among which the color of ink and the dispersion of ink particles are the most important. As far as the types of ink colors are concerned, it is generally considered that purple-black is the best ink color.