(Zhang Boju and his wife Pan Su when they were young)
According to historical records, Zhang Boju was born in March of the 24th year of Guangxu (1898). He is a native of Xiangcheng, Henan Province, and also a cousin of Yuan Shikai. Its original name was Zhang, and its name was Cong Bi, and later it was Master You Chun and Mr. You Chun.
In the seventh year of the Republic of China (19 18), Zhang Boju graduated from the cavalry department of Yuan Shikai's composite model regiment, and entered the military. He has successively served as a transfer officer in the whole battalion affairs office of Anwujun and a member of the military supervision office of Shaanxi Province. 65438-0927 began to devote himself to the financial field, and successively worked as an auditor in the comprehensive management office of Salt Bank, manager and managing director of Nanjing Salt Bank, and manager of Qin Long Industrial Bank. From June 65438 to June 0947, he joined the China Democratic League in Peiping and participated in patriotic and democratic movements such as aiding students, anti-persecution and anti-hunger.
After the liberation of Peiping, Zhang Boju served as honorary tutor of China Art History in China Literature Department of yenching university, vice president of Beijing China Calligraphy Research Association, member of Cultural Relics Appraisal Committee of Cultural Relics Bureau of Ministry of Culture and member of Finance Committee of NLD Headquarters. He is a well-known collector, painter, poet and Peking Opera art researcher in modern China.
Before the founding of New China, together with Zhang Daqian, Xu Beihong, Shen, and others, he was hired as a special member of the Palace Museum to undertake the task of "examining and approving paintings and calligraphy" and did a lot of work for the Palace Museum to acquire paintings and calligraphy scattered in the Qing Dynasty.
When the paintings and calligraphy smuggled out of the palace by the last emperor Puyi appeared in the market one after another, Zhang Boju immediately suggested that the Palace Museum should collect them as soon as possible, and proposed that "whether they are true or false, they should be purchased and recovered by the Palace Museum". According to textual research, among the paintings and calligraphy recovered by 1 198, there are about 400 to 500 valuable ones except cultural relics and unimportant ones. When he learned that Ma Jichuan had Zhan Ziqian's You Chuntu, he suggested that the Palace Museum buy it. When the Palace Museum indicated that it could not buy it, Zhang Boju bought it at his own expense to prevent the cultural relics from going abroad. A "You Chuntu" turned him from a rich boy into a heavy debt, and he had to sell his house and his wife's gold and silver jewelry to fill the gap.
From 65438 to 0956, after the founding of New China, the Palace Museum received an extremely precious gift: Zhang Boju and his wife Pan Su donated their treasures that had been treasured for 30 years, including Lu Ji's Ping Fu Tie, Du Mu's Zhang Shi, Fan Zhongyan's Fu Tao Zan and Huang Tingjian's cursive script. The government decided to reward him with 200,000 yuan, but Zhang Boju politely declined.
He said simply, "I have seen a lot of things, and when I collect them, they are like passing clouds, but these things don't have to stay with me forever." I can donate them and let these treasures stay in our country forever. "
1In July, 956, Shen Yanbing (Mao Dun), then Minister of Culture, personally presented a commendation order to Zhang Boju, who donated a national treasure.
1962, after Zhang Boju was transferred to the position of deputy director of Jilin Provincial Museum, he found that the collection of this museum was inferior to that of domestic key units. So I once again generously donated dozens of my precious collections for free.
(Zhang Boju and his wife in their later years)
Zhang Boju loves collecting all his life. In his view, it contains the value of China culture in painting and calligraphy, even exceeding his own life.
The following are some national treasures donated by Zhang Boju to the country:
"Ping Fu Tie" is the original calligraphy of Lu Ji, a great scholar in the Western Jin Dynasty. It is nearly 1700 years ago, 70 or 80 years earlier than Wang Xizhi's handwriting, and it is the "originator of mountains" in the ink handed down from ancient times. Zhang Boju, the great grandson of Daoguang and the grandson of Prince Gong, bought it from Pu Ru in the 1930s. Less than a foot long, with only nine lines, it is covered with the collection chapters of famous artists of past dynasties, and is honored as "the first post of China" by collectors.
You Chuntu was painted by Zhan Ziqian, a great painter in Sui Dynasty, more than 400 years ago. It is regarded as the earliest painting in China, and it has been regarded as the unique best in calligraphy and painting in all previous dynasties. Some people call it "a national treasure among national treasures".
"Shangjietie" is the only book trace handed down by Li Bai. The content is a four-character poem written by himself: "The mountains are high and the water is long, and there are thousands of things. Unless you have an old pen, you can be strong or poor. On the 18 th, write on the terrace, too white. " Quoting the title of the regular script "Qinglian" in Qing Dynasty, the thin gold book at the upper right of the text is entitled "Tang Li Taibai Shangjie". After the paper, there are inscriptions by Yuan, Du Ben, Ouyang Xuan, Yuan, Qi Lu and Qing Qianlong.
Hundred Flowers is the work of Yang Jieyu in Song Dynasty. It is a plain silk book with a scroll length of 3.24 meters. There are/kloc-4 kinds of flowers, such as Shouchun Flower, Catharanthus roseus, Lotus, Xi Shi Lian, Orchid, Wang Xianhua, Abelmoschus manihot, Plum Blossom, Sophora japonica, Lotus Peach and Ganoderma lucidum, and 3 kinds of flowers, such as Sky, Red Sun and Xiangyun. This picture scroll is considered to be the work of the first female painter preserved in the history of painting in China, and it is regarded as a peerless treasure by the courts and collectors of past dynasties.
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