Shi Tao (painter of Qing Dynasty)
Shi Tao (1642—— about 1707) was a painter in Qing Dynasty and a master of Chinese painting. The original name of the law is Yuanji. Formerly known as Zhu, his name is extremely high. The word Shi Tao, also known as Bitter Melon Monk, Big Dipper, Qing Xiang Ren Chen, etc. Quanzhou, Guangxi, settled in Yangzhou in his later years. Descendants of King Jingjiang of Ming Dynasty, after being changed in childhood, became monks and traveled for half their lives, selling paintings as their profession. In his early years, he studied under the Song and Yuan Dynasties, and his painting style was sparse, beautiful and clean. In his later years, his pen was vertical, his ink was dripping, and his style was changeable, especially his picture book prose. Flowers are chic, naive and refreshing; The characters are clumsy, simple and unique. Calligraphy, poetry. Surviving works include Searching for All the Qifeng Manuscripts, Scenery and Sound, and Bamboo Stone. He is the author of Quotations of Paintings by Bitter Melons and Monks.
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Shi Tao, whose real name is Zhu, whose real name is Ruoji and fine print is Chang, was renamed Yuanji, Chaoji and Yuanji after his hair was cut, calling himself a bitter gourd monk. I got a long pole when I was traveling in Nanjing. Because of the number of branches, I don't want to be a long, blunt root, mountain traveler, mountain monk, stone Taoist and pavilion. There are many nicknames for him, such as Zi, Legacy, Jingjiang Descendants, Old Man, Blind Honorer of Late Number, Zero-Ding Old Man and so on.
He is the tenth grandson of Wang Zanyi, the imperial clan of Jingjiang in the Ming Dynasty. His ancestral home is Guilin, Guangxi, and he is from Quanzhou, Guangxi. Born in the 9th, 14th and 15th years of Chongzhen in Ming Dynasty (1636,164, 1642), he died in the 44th, 49th and 57th years of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty (1705, 65438+). After the death of Ming Chengzu, Zhu Hengjia claimed to be the supervisor of the country and was executed by Zhu, the king of Tang Dynasty, in Fuzhou. Shi Tao was taken away by eunuchs when he was young and became a monk. His legal name is Yuanji, the word Shi Tao, and his nicknames are Dadizi, the old man in Qing Xiang, the bitter gourd monk and the blind elder. I used to learn from a famous monk and liked roaming. I visited Jingting Mountain, Huangshan Mountain, Nanjing, Yangzhou and other places many times, and lived in Yangzhou in my later years. He not only suffered the pain of the country's destruction, but also knelt down twice to meet Emperor Kangxi and the upper class of the Qing Dynasty.
In the fifteenth year of Chongzhen in Ming Dynasty (1642), Renwu 1 year old.
Stone. The original surname is Zhu, and the real name is Ruoji, the son of Zhu Hengjia, King of Jingjiang in Ming Dynasty, who was born in Quanzhou, Guangxi.
Qing Shunzhi was 2 years old (1645), and Yi You was 4 years old.
Zhu Hengjia, King of Jingjiang in the Ming Dynasty, said that he was in Guilin and was soon killed because of a roommate fight. Shi Tao was taken to Xiangshan Temple in Quanzhou by eunuchs (later Hetao) to become a monk. Qing Shunzhi eight years (165 1 year), Xin Mao 10 years old.
There were frequent wars in western Guangdong, and Shi Tao left Quanzhou at the latest and moved to Wuchang. Twelve years of Qing Shunzhi (1655), b 14 years old.
The inscription of "Double Hooked Orchid Bamboo" reads: "Fourteen wrote Orchid Fifty-six, and so far I have competed with you for fish. At first, I believed that my fame was not high and I regretted not eating more meat before. " In the 14th year of Qing Shunzhi (1657), Ding You 16 years old.
The Landscape Flower Map written in Wuchang (collected by Guangdong Provincial Museum) is the earliest known chronological work. In the eighteenth year of Qing Shunzhi (166 1 year), Xin Chou was 20 years old.
It is time to stay in Huxiang and Wuchang for a long time. In the third year of Qing Emperor Kangxi (1664), Chen Jia was 23 years old.
A year or so, from Wuchang to the east, to Lushan, to Kaixian Temple. Make the volume "Landscape Map". In the fourth year of Qing Emperor Kangxi (1665), Yi Si was 24 years old.
From Lushan to Jiangsu and Zhejiang. After visiting Hangjiahu area, I went to Songjiang and Yuanji. In the fifth year of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty (1666), Bingwu was twenty-five years old.
When I arrived in Xuancheng, I was stationed in Guangjiao Temple, Lu Jin Temple and Xianyun Temple at the foot of Jingting Mountain. In the sixth year of Qing Emperor Kangxi (1667), Ding was under 26 years old.
In Xuancheng, I wrote The Sixteen Arhats Should Be True. Make the landscape book the eighth. Wu Shen was 27 years old in the 7th year of Qing Emperor Kangxi (1668).
He once went to Shexian to paint, and wrote an inscription on the second landscape figure "Pitching Weng": "Wu Shen, Xin 'an Taiping Temple. "Eight years of Qing emperor Kangxi (1669), 28 years old.
In spring, I wrote the ninth opening of Landscape Book, entitled: "You got this in spring, and the picture is enjoyable." In summer, I wrote "Zhu Jin Xia Chao Map" in Ziyang Academy of Shexian County. Make the landscape book seventh. In the 9th year of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty (1670), Geng was under 29 years old.
In Xuancheng, I once took a couple to visit Huangshan. In the tenth year of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty (167 1), Xinhai was thirty years old.
In Xuancheng. Make a landscape map of autumn. The paragraph says, "19 1 1 autumn, Tingxiashi became a monk." In the 12th year of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty (1673), Gui Chou was thirty-two years old.
In late autumn, I painted in Xianyun Temple in Xuancheng. The cloud said, "Whether you are an old hand or a scholar, you should win first with your spirit." In the 13th year of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty (1674), Jiayin was 33 years old.
In summer, in Nanhu, Xuancheng, he wrote "Old People in Central Hunan" on the volume of landscape figures. On the solstice of winter, you visited the Twin Towers Temple in Zhao Ting and wrote down the axis of Guanyin. In the 14th year of Qing Emperor Kangxi (1675), Mao Yi was 34 years old.
In Xuancheng. I visited Ivan in Songjiang. As a "Song Ge nymphs figure", cloud:
"In autumn, Chen Bing was thirty-five years old in the fifteenth year of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty (1676).
"Landscape Map" axis title cloud: "Bingchen guest rewards Dai Anji." In the 16th year of Qing Emperor Kangxi (1677), Ding Si was 36 years old.
summer At Guangjiao Temple. The title of "Combination of Poetry and Painting" is "Ding Sixia." In late autumn, I went to Tiger Hill in Suzhou to make the fourth landscape map. This year, I traveled to Shuixi, Jingxian County, and became an "iron-toed Taoist" in the volume of landscape characters. In the seventeenth year of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty (1678), he was thirty-seven years old in Wuwu.
In summer, I went to Nanjing at the invitation of Zhong Tian Yuan in Shanxi. In the 18th year of Qing Emperor Kangxi (1679), he was under 38 years old.
In Nanjing. "Shan Jutu" was written by Xie Lou in the bosom of Qinhuai, and the inscription and postscript contained the words "Emotion is beyond pen and ink". In winter, in Xuancheng, I am going to Nanjing. In the 19th year of Qing Emperor Kangxi (1680), Geng Shen was 39 years old.
Living in the pavilion of Nanjing Chang Gan Temple. As a volume of "Calligraphy and Painting", the title says: "Gengshen leap will grow one branch and seven pieces in early August." He had contacts with Dai Benxiao, Cheng Xiang, Kong, and Qu Dajun. In the twentieth year of Qing Emperor Kangxi (168 1 year), Xin was 40 years old.
As the "Lotus Map" of Mei Qing. In the twenty-first year of Qing Emperor Kangxi (1682), Ren Xu was 4 1 year old.
In winter, I painted "Landscape Book" in a pavilion, and wrote: "Who is the teacher today and the ancients? But when you go out, you have to turn over the bottom of the pen. " "A painter can't be lofty and lofty, but he is ill and only asks for clever ideas." In the 22nd year of Qing Emperor Kangxi (1683), Guihai was 42 years old.
In Nanjing. As a "book book", the title of the book reads: "I will give it to the library, collect a recent manuscript that has returned to the sea, and then unify it." In the 23rd year of Qing Emperor Kangxi (1684), Jiazi was 43 years old.
In Nanjing. Emperor Kangxi made his first southern tour, staying in Nanjing and visiting Chang Gan Temple. Shi Tao rode with the monks in the temple. At that time, there was a "Landscape Map", and the title of one page of "Strange Mountain Tu Tu" was: "There are North and South sects in the painting, and there are two kings in the book. Zhang Rong said:' Don't hate one minister, no two kings, hate two kings, no ministers.' Today, I asked the clans in the south and the north: Do I live there? Live with me? For a moment, I smiled and said, I use my own method. "Twenty-four years of Qing emperor Kangxi (1685), Yi domain was 44 years old.
In Nanjing. In February, Xue Ji visited Qinglong, Yin Tian, Dongshan, Zhong Ling and Guling. In the new summer, I crossed five clouds and wrote Ten Thousand Bad Inks for Cang Gong. In the 25th year of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty (1686), Bing Yin was forty-five years old.
Dongyue wrote a landscape map of intelligent enterprises, and there is a sentence in the postscript, "I also plan to tread grass thistle privately." In the 26th year of Qing Emperor Kangxi (1687), Ding Mao was 46 years old.
In spring, I went to Yangzhou to participate in the elegant collection activities of Confucius Secret Garden. In winter, I will go to Beijing to write a long poem "Parallel Life" and leave an inscription pavilion to bid farewell to all my friends in Jinling. Go to Yangzhou in winter. Chen Wu was 47 years old in the 27th year of Qing Emperor Kangxi (1688).
In Yangzhou, "the trip to the north was unsuccessful", so the guest tree hall.
In the 28th year of Qing Emperor Kangxi (1689), he was 48 years old.
In Yangzhou, Emperor Kangxi visited the South for the second time, and Shi Tao met him in Pingshan Hall and wrote two chronological poems. I went to Beijing in the autumn and winter of 2008. In the 29th year of Qing Emperor Kangxi (1690), Geng Wu was 49 years old.
When I arrived in Beijing, I was a guest and made a speech about "painting in poetry" and "painting in poetry". That year, there was a poem "Monks Begging for Bitter Melon". In the 30th year of Qing Emperor Kangxi (169 1 year), Wei Xin was 50 years old.
In February, he wrote ink bamboo for Boldu and filled the slope stone for Wang. Shen An, the host of Cold Zhai, wrote the volume "Seeking Qifeng Drawings", in which there is a postscript that "it is my religion not to establish a law, and it is my purpose not to give up a law". In autumn and July, Keciyuan Temple made a landscape book, and the inscription appeared: "I use my method". In the thirty-first year of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty (1692), Ren Shen was 5 1 year old.
In March, Yu Temple painted for Mr. Bochang, saying, "It's wrong to learn from the ancient people without learning from their hearts. "In autumn, I bought a boat south and returned to Yangzhou from Beijing. See "Qing Xiang Painting and Calligraphy Draft" for the situation of going south along the canal. In the thirty-second year of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty (1693), Gui You was 52 years old.
In Yangzhou. That year, I made a landscape axis for Mr. Jingyuan of Huangshan. Since the postscript of Yuhang Mountain Scenery, the scroll says: "Mr. Dong Jieting took this book to travel to Yuhang, and returning to the cloud is no different from Dida." In the thirty-third year of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty (1694), Jia Xu was 53 years old.
In August, he wrote "Landscape Picture Volume" for Mr. Liu Ming, commented on the characteristics of all famous painters in the painting world, and called Badashan people "the wonders of dripping water". The 12 flower book collected by Shanghai Museum began to be funded by the "big wash". In the thirty-fourth year of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty (1695), Yihai was fifty-four years old.
In May, there was a trip to Anhui. In summer, make the central axis of Chaohu Lake map. In July, my friend went boating in Cuizhujiang Village, Baisha. In autumn and September, I wrote a volume of Landscape for the elderly. In winter, I painted for Huangyan Brigade in Zhou Zhen Snow Road Office, and the location is still in Yizheng. In the thirty-fifth year of Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty (1696), Bingzi was 55 years old.
In summer and June, I left Yangzhou for Shexian and spent the summer in Tang Songfeng, Cheng Jun. Complete the draft of Qing Xiang's painting and calligraphy. "Spring Pavilion Post" Volume: "In autumn and August, the blind people in Qing Xiang are in front of you." In autumn and September, he made a picture of Yangzhou riverside fishing (Tang Yun's old collection) and gave it to the Eighth National Congress, calling him "Big Brother". It's time to build Dida Villa, so I wrote to Badashan people to ask for a photo of Dida Villa. There were seals such as "Dida Hall" and "Dida Ji Zi", and a large number of Dida characters were used as signatures until his death. In the thirty-sixth year of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty (1697), Ding Chou was fifty-six years old.
In February, Shi Tao wrote eight volumes of "Narcissus Map", calling it "the old adherents with golden branches and jade leaves". I saw the name "Ruoji" for the first time. In the thirty-seventh year of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty (1698), Wu Yin was 57 years old.
In summer, Badashan people sent a picture of a big bathroom, and Shi Tao wrote poems on it. That was the year when I first met Li Yi and fell in love at first sight. In the thirty-eighth year of Qing Emperor Kangxi (1699), he was 58 years old.
"Landscape Painting for Gongbei" is titled "You have a trip to Jianning". Twelve frames of "Xianweng Landscape Book" have the inscription "How can it be full of vitality without entering the hall of the ancients". On Buddha Bathing Day, Badashan people made an ancient tree for the Dai people-moss stone, and Shi Tao made a red leaf for the water replenishing beach and wrote a poem on it. In autumn, the title of Taibai Poetry and Painting Axis is: "Autumn, Your Excellency Violet." Chen Geng was 59 years old in the thirty-ninth year of Qing Emperor Kangxi (1700).
In Yangzhou. Two days before Shangyuan, Wu Yuqiao wrote a book called Eight Scenes in Southwest China. The third title department said: "Two days before Chen Geng went to Shangyuan, Qinglian Pavilion." Two days after Shangyuan, he made a book about landscapes and flowers. In September, Shi Tao wrote "Writing Blue Book" for his master Hong, in which there was an postscript written by a monk who opened buddhist nun. Around this year, Shi Tao asked Li to write to the Eighth National Congress and ask for a painting of the thatched cottage.
In the 40th year of Qing Emperor Kangxi (170 1), Xin was sixty years old and was in Yangzhou in March. At this time, Shi Tao was in a temple, feeling guilty. At that time, he was sought after by the world for his serial story paintings, and Shi Tao also began to concentrate on painting Yang Jiajiang to excuse himself, so that the just people who had been anti-Qing and regained their sight were comforted and relieved. In addition, Painting Monks in Qing Dynasty has become famous all over the world. At this time, the work was renamed Yuanji, and the painting style was completely in accordance with his favorite painting. The theme of the painting is highly sought after by the descendants of the anti-Qing Dynasty. Later, due to the decree of Kangxi, the anti-Qing descendants were investigated, so the paintings nominated by Yuanji were very rare in the modern market.
In the forty-first year of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty (1702), Renwu was 6 1 year old, in Nanjing. Looking at peach blossoms in Wulongtan, I wrote the axis of "Yunshan Map", and the postscript said: "Put pen to paper and draw, use God first." In autumn and August, paintings and inscriptions read, "Heaven and earth are dissolved in one breath and then divided into four seasons; The light and shade are different, so it's not like it. Because of the irony in the poem, he fell ill after being demoted and lived a wandering life.
In the forty-second year of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty (1703), Gui was under 62 years old. In summer, there is a saying about painting that "pen and ink should follow the times." Autumn, painting for Liu Shitou, talking about some uses, the conclusion goes: "The law has no fixed phase, and the gas speaks for itself." In the forty-third year of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty (1704), Shen Jia was 63 years old. In July, he wrote "The Scenery of Mo", and there was a poem saying: "A mountain village is half empty, and it is suspected that the wind and smoke are about to swallow. There are endless obstacles, so you can't draw a cloud gate with the sky. " In the forty-fourth year of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty (1705), Yiyou was 64 years old.
On the Double Ninth Festival, Mr. Dao was presented with a landscape painting, and there was a sigh of exhaustion in the inscription and postscript. Xu Bing was sixty-five years old in the forty-five years of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty (1706).
In the spring, I wrote "Melody of Plum Blossoms" with the sentence "Why do I have to walk around the plum tree and still have no home in my mind?" In the forty-sixth year of Qing Emperor Kangxi (1707), Ding Hai was 66 years old.
In autumn and winter, his condition deteriorated and he was buried at the foot of Shugang in Yangzhou after his death.
Four painting monks
Zhu Da
Shi Tao
Kuncan
Hong Ren