The poet Shao Yanxiang wrote in "Shao Yanxiang's Autobiography": "I was born in Dongsilishi Hutong." He has lived here since he was a child and loves Kyoto. In October 1949, when he was still less than 20 years old, he published the famous long poem "Singing the City of Beijing" in Guangming Daily. This poem is written based on the rhythm of northern drum music and is filled with love for Beijing. In 1951, he published his first collection of poems, which he named "Singing the City of Beijing" to show his love for the capital.
Li Guangxi, a famous singer who lives in Shenxiang, was famous in China for singing "On the Songhua River" from the music and dance epic "The East Is Red" long before the "Cultural Revolution". His songs "Ode to Yan'an", "Premier Zhou, Where Are You" and "Toast Song" spread throughout the country. The "Beijing Ode" sung by Li Guangxi is even more emotional. When I returned to Beijing after joining the queue for a few years, the train just passed Fengtai when the train broadcast suddenly came out "Beijing Ode" sung by Li Guangxi. The high-pitched, bright and passionate singing made me excited and excited. I stood up and listened attentively. I thought of all the past events I had experienced in the capital since the "Cultural Revolution" and the experiences I had experienced after leaving Beijing. My heart was filled with emotions and thoughts, and I missed my old home more and more. , relatives and classmates, it is difficult to control oneself. Since then, I have always loved this hymn to Beijing that he sang. Not long ago, I bumped into Li Guangxi in an alley and was busy saying hello. Even though he was a stranger, he responded with a smile and raised his hand, "Oh." Thinking of the color photos of him teaching people to sing at the "Lishi Hutong Cultural Exhibition", I secretly lamented that Mr. Li is a "people's singer".
There were many wise people who once lived in Lishi Hutong.
Shixu, the military minister in the late Qing Dynasty, was Cixi's subordinate. After the Revolution of 1911, he was the first among the ministers to express his support for Xuantong's abdication, and was ordered to negotiate preferential treatment conditions. He can be described as an official who understands current affairs and knows how to adapt.
Bibi De is the main founder of modern ophthalmology in China. After graduating from Peking Union Medical College, he stayed at the school to teach, and then went to the famous University of Vienna for further study in ophthalmology, where he received a doctorate. Such a foreign doctor who was proficient in English actually broke many years of tradition and took the lead in teaching in Chinese, which enabled many ophthalmologists who wanted to study at Union Medical College to get their wish. He is indeed a discerning and adaptable expert.
General Zheng Dongguo graduated from the first class of Huangpu and was a famous anti-Japanese general. During the War of Liberation, he led his troops to break away from the Kuomintang camp. Mao Zedong specifically telegraphed to the Northeast Bureau that General Zheng "should be treated with courtesy." He witnessed the prosperity of New China and the people living and working in peace and contentment. He took the initiative to express his willingness to participate in the construction of the motherland. He was warmly received by Zhou Enlai and Mao Zedong and hosted a family banquet. It can be said that he is a general who conforms to the trend of the times and is good at rational flexibility.
These are precious spiritual wealth left to future generations by the sages in the Hutongs. Lishi Hutong is located on the east side of Dongsi South Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing. In the Ming Dynasty, it was under the jurisdiction of Sichengfang, and in the Qing Dynasty, it was under the jurisdiction of Xiangbai Banner.
Lishi Hutong was formerly known as Donkey City Hutong in the Ming Dynasty. According to legend, it got its name because there was a market where donkeys were sold. The Qing Dynasty's "Jingshifangxiangzhi Manuscript" records that Donkey City Hutong was also called Mule City. It was renamed Lishi in the late Qing Dynasty. alley. Now the most eye-catching house in Lishi Hutong is the No. 129 mansion gate located in the middle of the Hutong. Some people think that it is the former residence of Liu Yong, an official of the Qing Dynasty, but it is not. According to the "Encyclopedia of Cultural Relics and Scenic Spots in Beijing·Dongcheng Volume" published by the Dongcheng District Cultural Relics Bureau in 1991, No. 129 Lishi Hutong was "the residence of Bin Jun, the prefect of Wuchang in the late Qing Dynasty. His son Xilang lost his fortune and sold the house... Later it was The house was sold to Jiang Ying, a barrister, and soon after, it was sold to Li Songchen, the son of Tianjin salt merchant Li Shanren. After Li Songchen bought it, he asked Zhu Qiqian's students to redesign it and build it into the current scale after liberation. The Embassy in China was later the site of China Youth Newspaper.
"Tianjie Ouwen" written by Zhenjun in the late Qing Dynasty records: "The former residence of Liu Wenqing is at the west end of Lushi Hutong, both in the north and south. "Liu Wenqing is Liu Yong, and the word "Wenqing" is the posthumous title given by the court in recognition of Liu Yong after his death. But it was his father Liu Tongxun who moved into Lushi Hutong before Liu Yong, as recorded in "Xiaoting Miscellaneous Records" written by Zhaoyi, the Prince of Li in the Qing Dynasty. , the Qing Dynasty stipulated that the inner city of Beijing was under the jurisdiction of the Eight Banners, and all Han officials lived in the outer city.
Not only was the terrain there low-lying and crowded, but the landlords often had to raise the rent when renting a house. Therefore, the emperor would specially allow some favored officials to live in the inner city and reward them with houses, called "gifts." Liu Tongxun was given the gift of living at the west entrance of Lushi Hutong. There are two small courtyards in the north and south, which are his family's houses.
"Qing History Manuscript·Biography of Liu Tongxun" records that Liu Tongxun was from Zhucheng County, Shandong Province. He passed the Jinshi examination in the second year of Yongzheng (1724) and was elected to the Hanlin Academy. In the first year of Qianlong's reign (1736), he was promoted to a second-rank cabinet bachelor, and successively served as minister, minister, military minister, and finally a first-rank bachelor. When Emperor Qianlong sent troops to conquer the Da and Xiao Jinchuan rebellions in western Sichuan, Liu Tongxun repeatedly suggested withdrawing troops due to a military stalemate. Later, the battle of Jinchuan was defeated and the general Wen Fu was killed in the battle. When Emperor Qianlong asked Liu Tongxun for his opinion, he asked anxiously: "I am frustrated and have no plan. Should I use troops? Should I withdraw my troops?" Liu Tongxun replied that he should have withdrawn his troops before the defeat, but after the defeat, The troops must not be withdrawn. Liu Tongxun recommended Agui, the deputy general at the front, to lead the troops to fight again, and finally won. Another time, the Ministry of Revenue reported that the warehouses of various provinces, prefectures and counties were in short supply. Emperor Qianlong wanted to remove all incompetent prefecture and county officials and replace them with Manchu pen-tie style (equivalent to clerical officials). He said to Liu Tongxun: "I have been thinking about it for three days. What do you mean?" Liu Tongxun replied: "You have thought about this question for three days. I can't make an immediate conclusion. I will reply to you after I study it carefully." The next day , Liu Tongxun refuted Emperor Qianlong's opinion on the grounds that "those who govern the people in states and counties should be governed by the people." Emperor Qianlong readily accepted it. At that time, the Manchus belonged to the privileged class and were not counted as common people. Common people generally referred to Han people.
One morning in November of the thirty-eighth year of Qianlong's reign (1773), Liu Tongxun went to court in a sedan chair and arrived outside the Donghua Gate of the Forbidden City. The bearer suddenly noticed that the sedan chair was tilted. He opened the curtain and saw that Liu Tongxun Already dead. After hearing the news, Emperor Qianlong hurriedly sent Shangshu Fulong'an to deliver medicine and first aid, but it was too late. "Xiaoting Miscellaneous Records" records that when Emperor Qianlong came to pay homage to Liu's house in Lvshi Hutong, he had to remove the top cover of the sedan to carry it into Liu's house because the Liu family's gate was short. "Manuscripts of the History of the Qing Dynasty" records that Emperor Qianlong "was mourning when he saw his frugality when he was about to mourn. He walked back to the Qianqing Gate, shed tears and told his ministers, "I have lost an arm." Then he said, "I am truly worthy of my honor." Prime Minister".
After that, Liu Tongxun’s son Liu Yong and grandson Liu Huanzhi also lived in Lushi Hutong. Liu Yong passed the Jinshi examination in the 16th year of Qianlong (1751) and was elected to the Hanlin Academy. He successively served as prefect, governor, minister, chief master of the study room, and bachelor. Liu Yong died at the age of 85. "Manuscript of Qing History" said that he was a famous calligrapher at that time. Liu Huanzhi, the son of Liu Tongxun's second son Liu Kan, passed the Jinshi examination in the forty-fourth year of Qianlong's reign (1779) and was elected to the Hanlin Academy. He served successively as Shangshu of the Ministry of Household Affairs and Yin of Shuntian Prefecture. He was later demoted by Emperor Jiaqing because he was not familiar with government affairs. Lishi Hutong, which belonged to Sichengfang in the Ming Dynasty, was called Donkey City Hutong, also known as Mule City. It is said that this place was once a donkey and mule market, hence the name. During the Xuantong period of the Qing Dynasty, the donkey market was abolished and was renamed Lishi Hutong with its homophonic pronunciation. During the "Cultural Revolution" it was once renamed Ruijin Road 28.
According to "Yandu Congkao" records: "Baoen Temple is located in the north of Hutong Street in Lushi. It is unknown when it was founded. In the first year of Tianshun in the Ming Dynasty (1457), the name of the temple was changed to Zhaoning Temple (also known as Changning). Temple), Li Xian, a native of the university, wrote a monument, but the monument no longer exists. "The courtyard at No. 123, Dongkou Road North, in the Hutong was the former residence of Jingxin, a scholar from the Qing Dynasty. It was the Mongolian and Tibetan Academy in the Republic of China, and is now Lishi Hutong Primary School. Liu Yong, the prime minister during the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, had his first residence at the west end of Lushi Hutong. There was a horizontal stone on the south wall of the street with the words "former residence of Mr. Liu Shi'an" inscribed on it. Shi'an, Liu Yong's nickname. The horizontal stone no longer exists. The owner of Courtyard No. 129 in the alley was Bin Jun, the prefect of Hanyang in the late Qing Dynasty. During the Republic of China, Japanese speculator Li Yanqing took advantage of the earthquake in Japan to make a fortune selling rice and bought this courtyard. When Cao Kun was in power, Li Yanqing was shot. After that, the house was sold to Li Lingchen, the son of Tianjin salt merchant Li Shanren. Li Lingchen asked Zhu Qiqian's students to redesign it to make the entire building elegant. After liberation, it became the Indonesian Embassy in China, and was later used by the China Youth Newspaper and the Film Bureau. In 1984, it was designated as a district-level cultural relic protection unit.