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Through the poet's emotional tendency, the poem "Walking in the Mountains" draws a warm and gorgeous autumn color map of the mountain forest with the maple forest as the main scene. Far up the Qiushan Stone Trail, first of all, give readers a farsighted view. At the top of the mountain road is a place full of white clouds. The road is made by people, so white clouds are not illusory, and Hanshan is full of vitality. It is natural to say that there are people in Bai Yunsheng. However, this is only to prepare for the last two sentences. Then the poet clearly told the reader that he stopped in front of the mountain so late, just because the mountain was more beautiful than the maple leaves of spring flowers in full swing. Compared with the white clouds in the distance and people who are not necessarily visible, Fenglin is full of pure beauty and vitality of life.
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Chinese name: Xing Shan Author: Du Mu
Dynasty: Tang literature genre: ancient poetry
Emotional expression: chanting things and expressing aspirations: 28
catalogue
1 original poem
2 Interpretation of Poetry
3 Poetry translation
4 Poetry appreciation
5 Introduction to the author
6 Tour of Mount Xiang Si
7 dispute record
Mountaineering-original poem
Mountain travel
Du Mu
The stone road winds to the cliff in the distance.
Where there are some white clouds, you can see some households.
I stopped the carriage and was fascinated by Fenglin.
The frosty autumn leaves are redder than the flowers in February.
Mountaineering-Interpretation of Poetry and Prose
To annotate ...
Hanshan: It's cool in late autumn and chilly in Shan Ye.
Stone road: A road paved with stones.
Oblique: In order to rhyme, it can be pronounced as Xix according to the ancient sound.
Sit: Because.
Hongyu: redder than.
Mountain climbing-poetry translation
The stone road winds its way to the cliff,
There are some families looming where the white clouds rise.
I stopped just because I like the maple grove at night.
Frosted maple leaves are actually redder than flowers in February.
Modern Translation of Ancient Poetry
The stone road winds to the depths of the cliff, and there are some families where the white clouds rise. Just because I like the maple forest in the evening, the maple leaves in first frost are actually more red than the flowers in February.
Mountaineering-Poetry Appreciation
Enjoy 1
On an afternoon trip in late autumn, the poet came to the front of the lush trees. A stone road winds up, as if drawing a white line in the yellow-green vegetation. At the top of the white line is a white cloud winding around the top of the mountain, and some houses are faintly visible under the white cloud. There must be a world-class expert living there! The poet wanted to visit them very much, but he was suddenly attracted by the scenery in front of him: at sunset, the frost-sealed maple forest was in full swing, and every leaf was like a burning flame, redder than the spring flowers in February. He stopped the car and was quietly moved by this spectacular natural life. He couldn't help exclaiming that "frost leaves are redder than February flowers"! This is not only the association of beauty, the contrast of color, but also the praise of life. On the bleak background of the cold mountain, the maple leaf that won the spring flowers in February is full of exuberant vitality and infinite vitality, and full of the poet's love for nature and life.
This poem seems to be a "mountain trip" fragment taken from a long-distance travel map. The word "late" in the third sentence reveals that the poet has been driving all day, and it is time to find a "home" to rest. Now it is "away from the cold mountain", marching on the sloping stone road. Looking up along the stone road, I suddenly saw "someone in Bai Yunsheng", which is not only beautiful, but also can have a rest when I arrive. The second sentence brings "parking" forward, which has a fascinating effect. "It's late" and "people" are still far away. Why did it suddenly stop? It turned out that he found a "maple forest" on the roadside, and because he "liked" the "maple forest" under the setting sun, he "stopped" to watch. "Parking" highlights the word "love" and draws a conclusion.
Huang Shucan's Notes on Tang Poetry says: "Frost leaves are red in February flowers" is a true sentence. Yu Biyun's "A Brief Introduction to Poetic Realm" said: "There are many poets who chant red leaves, such as' Red leaves burn warm wine in the forest' and' Red trees and green mountains are easy to set sail', which are particularly popular in poetry circles and broadcast pictures. However, Du Mu's poems are only admired for their brilliant colors, which are better than spring flowers. When the wind was heavy and the frost was severe, Qiu Guang was alone, and the red Rayna Sue was salty and covered with mountains and plains, but the spring flowers did not have such a grand occasion. Yi Sixun is a special reward outside the peach. "The maple leaves all over the mountains are gorgeous, but it is difficult for feudal literati who are imprisoned by the' sad autumn consciousness' to have a sense of beauty. Starting with the word "love" in a great book, I am ecstatic to praise the maple leaf "Red in February", which not only depicts picturesque scenery, but also shows the heroic and optimistic spirit of the poet.
Cold Mountain, Stone Path, White Clouds, Family and Frost Leaves were all taken by the protagonists of Going to Cold Mountain and Parking with surprise eyes, forming a travel map of Autumn Mountain. Of course, it is not accurate to say that this is a map, because "going to Hanshan", "Bai Yunsheng" and "parking" are all dynamic, and "love" is a lively and splashing mentality, which cannot be drawn.
The focus of the whole poem is the fourth sentence, and the first three sentences are used to set off and pave the way for highlighting the fourth sentence. The first sentence uses the word "cold" to cause the fourth sentence "frost leaves"; Write "white clouds" every two sentences, with strong color contrast to set off the "frost leaves" in the fourth sentence, giving people the feeling of "redder than February flowers" A more powerful foreshadowing is the sudden "stop" in a hurry and the word "love" it highlights, which has been analyzed before. There is also the word "dying in the maple forest", which means that when the sun sets, the red light comes obliquely, reflecting the maple leaves in the forest and burning. The design is novel, the layout is exquisite, and the beautiful autumn colors are absorbed in the bleak autumn wind, which is pleasing to the eye and the spirit is getting better. The language is clear and fluent, and the sound and rhyme are harmonious, which is suitable for thousands of people and lasts for a long time. [ 1]
Appreciate II
The first sentence is far from Hanshan, and the stone path is inclined. From the bottom up, write a stone road, winding to the mountains and autumn. Cold words in late autumn; Write down the length of the mountain road in distant words; The oblique characters take care of the distant characters at the beginning of the sentence and write a high and slow mountain. Because the slope is not big, you can travel by car.
Someone in Bai Yunsheng described the distant scenery that the poet saw when he was hiking in the mountains. A new word vividly shows the dynamics of white clouds rising, winding and floating, and also shows that mountains are very high. The word "somebody else" will make people think of smoke curling up, chickens barking and dogs barking, making them feel that the mountains are full of vitality and there is no dead terror. Some people also take care of the stone road in the above sentence, because this stone road is a passage for mountain residents.
In the third sentence, the word "stop and sit in the maple forest" is interpreted as "because". Because the evening scenery of the sunset maple forest is so charming, the poet deliberately stopped to watch it. The word "late" in this sentence is exquisitely used and contains multiple meanings: (1) points out that the first two sentences are seen during the day and the last two sentences are scenes at night. (2) Because there is a sunset glow in the evening, the gorgeous sunset glow and the flaming maple leaves reflect each other, and the maple forest is particularly beautiful. (3) The poet lingered, and in the evening, he reluctantly boarded the bus and left, showing his love for red leaves. (4) Because of the long parking time and careful observation, I can appreciate the fourth sentence, which is full of rational and interesting epigrams.
Frost leaves are red in February flowers, which is the central sentence of the whole poem. The descriptions of the first three sentences are all paving the way for this sentence. Why do poets use red instead of red? Because red, like flowers in spring, is nothing more than decorating natural beauty; Red flowers are incomparable to spring flowers. It is not only brighter in color, but also more cold-resistant and can stand the test of wind and frost.
This little poem is not only an impromptu ode to scenery, but also an expression of ambition. It is the expression of the poet's inner spiritual world and the sustenance of his interest, so it can enlighten and inspire readers.
This poem depicts the colors of autumn and shows a touching autumn color map of mountains and forests. The poem describes mountain roads, people, white clouds and red leaves, forming a harmonious and unified picture. These scenes are not juxtaposed in the same position, but are organically linked, with the master and the slave, some in the center of the picture and some in the background. To put it simply, the first three sentences are the object, the fourth sentence is the subject, and the first three sentences describe the background, which creates an atmosphere for the fourth sentence and plays a role in paving the way and setting off the background.
Stay away from the cold mountain, the stone path is oblique, write mountains and write mountain roads. A winding path winds to the top of the mountain. The far word describes the length of the mountain road, and the oblique word echoes the above word to write a high and slow mountain.
Someone is in Bai Yunsheng, writing about clouds and people. The poet's eyes have been looking up along this mountain road. Where the white clouds float, there are several stone houses with walls made of stone. People here take care of the stone road in the previous sentence. -This mountain road is the passage for those families, right? This organically links the two kinds of scenery. There are white clouds around, which means the mountain is very high. The poet used the technique of breaking through clouds and mountains, so that these white clouds covered the reader's sight, but left room for imagination: there must be another kind of scenery besides white clouds, right?
The poet is only describing these scenery objectively. Although a cold word is used, it just sorts out the following late words and frost words, and does not show the poet's emotional tendency. After all, it is only to prepare for the following description-to outline the environment where Fenglin is located.
Parking and sitting in the maple grove at night is different, and the tendency is obvious and strong. Mountain roads, white clouds and others did not impress the poet, but the evening scenery of Fenglin surprised him. In order to stop and enjoy the scenery of this mountain forest, I don't care to drive on. The scenery written in the first two sentences is already beautiful, but the poet loves the maple forest. Through the background, I have made a good preparation for describing the maple forest, so it comes naturally and leads to the fourth sentence, pointing out the reasons for loving the maple forest.
Frost leaves are red in February flowers. To add the third sentence, a beautiful scenery of maple forest in late autumn is displayed in front of us. The poet was pleasantly surprised to find that under the sunset glow, the maple leaves were about to drip and the forest was dyed. It is really full of mountains and clouds, just like bright rosy clouds. More fiery than the spring flowers in February in Jiangnan! What is commendable is that the poet saw the vitality of autumn as spring through this piece of red, which made Lin Qiu present a warm and vibrant scene.
Unlike ordinary feudal literati, this poet did not sigh sadly when autumn came. He praised the beauty of autumn in nature, embodied the spirit of being bold and uplifting, and showed the poet's talent and insight with a wave of his pen. This is an autumn hymn.
The fourth sentence is the center of the whole poem, written by the poet with strong colors and coherent brushwork. Not only did the first two sentences set off the gorgeous autumn scenery, but even the seemingly lyrical narrative of stopping to sit and love maple trees late actually played a role in setting off the scenery: the poet who stopped to watch, Tao Ran drunk, became a part of the scenery, and with this scene, the autumn scenery became more charming. After a rewriting, it came to an abrupt end, and it seemed melodious and memorable.
Hiking-Introduction to the author
Du Mu (A.D. 803-853), born in Jingzhao Wannian (now Xi, Shaanxi), was the grandson of Prime Minister Du You. Yamato was a scholar in the second year and was awarded the title of school librarian of the museum. He served as an adjutant in other places for many years, then successively supervised the suggestion and compiled the history museum, served as foreign minister in the catering department, Bibi department and Si Xun, served as secretariat in Huangzhou, Chizhou and Zhou Mu, and finally served as an official in Zhongshu. An outstanding poet in the late Tang Dynasty, especially famous for his seven-character quatrains. He is good at prose, and his "Epanggong Fu" is read by later generations. He paid close attention to military affairs, wrote many military papers and annotated the Art of War by Sun Tzu. The Collected Works of Fan Chuan handed down from ancient times has twenty volumes, including four volumes of poetry, edited by his nephew Pei. There is also a volume of "Fan Chuan Waiji" and "Fan Chuan Bieji" supplemented by Song people. The Complete Tang Poetry contains eight volumes of Du Mu's poems. The poems in the late Tang Dynasty were so gentle that Mu Zhi made a precipitous correction. People call it Xiao Du to distinguish it from Shaoling. The seven dragons have far-reaching charm, and the factions in the late Tang Dynasty were independent.
People call it "Xiao Du" to distinguish it from Du Fu. Also known as "Little Du Li" with Li Shangyin. Mu Zhi is ambitious and eloquent, boasting about his ability to help the world. ICBC's cursive script "Xuanhe Shupu" says: "The grass is vigorous and powerful, which is consistent with its article." Dong Qichang's "Rong Tai Collection" said: "After I met Yan and Liu, if it weren't for Qing, (Du) was also famous." It is said that his book "has the charm of the Six Dynasties". The ink handed down from ancient times has Zhang Shihua. His works are very rich, including Collected Works of Fan Chuan, Old Tang Book (147) and New Tang Book (166). Zhang Shi Cao Shu Ink was written by Du Mu Taihe in the eighth year (834), at the age of 32. The post is a piece of hemp paper, 28.2 cm long and 162 cm wide, with 46 lines and 322 words in total. As can be seen from the whole poem volume, his calligraphy won the charm of the Six Dynasties. The original is now in the Palace Museum. This calligraphy work is magnificent and smooth. Because it is a manuscript of poetry, it is even more unpretentious. There are inscriptions, inscriptions and seals of Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties at the beginning and end of the volume. He has been awarded by Song Dynasty, Jia Sidao, Ming Xiangzi, Xiao Si, Qing Biao, Qianlong, Jiaqing, Neifu and Collection. There are records in Xuanhe Pu Shu, Rong Tai Collection, Splendid Life and Grand View Record. Du Mu is famous for his poems, so his title is covered by the title of his poems. This book was carved in Fa Tie, a monk. Photocopying can be done in Yan Guang Room and Showa Fa Tie Series.
Du Mu's literary creation has many achievements, including poetry, prose and ancient prose. He advocated that all works should be based on meaning, supplemented by qi, defended by words and sentences, and had a correct understanding of the relationship between content and form of works. And it can absorb and melt the strengths of predecessors and form its own special style. In poetry creation, Du Mu is as famous as Li Shangyin, another outstanding poet in the late Tang Dynasty, and is called "Little Du Li". Influenced by Du Fu and Han Yu, his classical poems have a wide range of themes and bold brushwork. His modern poems are famous for their beautiful words and ups and downs. The seven-law "Early Wild Goose" expresses the nostalgia for the people in the northern frontier displaced by the Uighur invasion, and it has a graceful and lingering taste. "Ascending the Mountain in Nine Days" writes his broad-minded mind in a bold style, but it also contains deep sadness. The general trend of poetry in the late Tang Dynasty is gorgeous and dense, and Du Mu is influenced by the atmosphere of the times and also pays attention to the use of words. This tendency of rhetoric is combined with his personal characteristics of "heroic and heroic", which is elegant, magnificent and exquisite.
Mountain Tourism-Mountain Tourism in Xiang Si
Travel in the mountains
Xiang Si
There are also people in the green forest, and a canal has several tributaries.
In the afternoon, the mountain returned to the peak shadow, and the grass was covered with mud marks on the deer.
Steam tea out of the hut and listen to the sound of silk through the bamboo fence.
Every time I come back from selling medicine, I will not hesitate to go to Daoyun.
Xiang Si has lived in the wild for a long time, and is very familiar with the scenery in Shan Ye. This song "Hiking" is about the wild interest in mountain villages. Thanks to the poet's careful observation and profound experience, this poem is fresh, delicate, appropriate and realistic. It is fascinating to read. "There are also people in the green forest, and there are several points in a canal." Start to show the beautiful scenery in the mountains-there are scenery, people and villages. The words "one" and "one" are very vivid. The word "Yi" means that although it has grown into a deep forest, it is not uninhabited, but "occupied". There must be a village for some people, but the poet did not directly say "there is also a village", but said that a stream was shared by several families, which made his speech extraordinary. Here, a forest, a stream, several families and a beautiful mountain village map are all made by fourteen big calligraphy and painting.
The second couplet is more detailed. The poet chose two ordinary things, "noon on the mountain" and "grass with mud marks" by stippling, and wrote a very unusual poetic picture. At first glance, Noon on the Mountain seems unremarkable, but once it is rendered by Shadow of the Peak, the flowing water, the reflection of Qifeng and the swaying beauty immediately appear in front of you. Similarly, "grass with mud marks" is also very common, but once the "deer herd" is rendered, it immediately reflects the gratifying scene of the deer running and their hooves falling behind the grass. "Dot dyeing" is originally a technique of Chinese painting. It is dyed bit by bit, with different shades, distances and shades, and the scene on paper is more vivid. The wonderful use of "stippling" in poetry also has the same effect. It sees strangeness in the ordinary, and strangeness comes from the ordinary. The two are mutually causal and complementary. Imagine, of course, saying "Mountain Morning" and "Mud Trace Grass" is boring, even if it is just "Back to the Peak Shadow" and "Crossing the Deer". Only when the word "dot" is used before the word "dot", and then the word "dye" and the word "dot" are used together, then the two pictures in this couplet suddenly show readers a dynamic realm of beauty.
In the third part, the poet accurately grasped the most distinctive thing in the mountain village in late spring-baking tea and pulling out cocoons, which opened up the artistic conception of the poem. Cleverly, the poet did not directly tell how the farmers in the mountain village were busy picking tea, distributing tea, frying tea to cook cocoons, returning pupae and spinning silk, but only said that they smelled the fragrance of steamed tea in the smoke rising from the hut. Through the bamboo fence, I heard the voice of reeling, so that readers can enjoy the harvest of farming themselves. Here, the artistic conception created by the poet makes readers feel more cordial through synaesthesia.
According to the poetic development, it seems that the tail couplet should write the poet into the mountain village. But otherwise, "whoever sells medicine will not hesitate to follow him into the island cloud." The poet walked and met an old man who came back from selling medicinal materials. He walked into the misty mountain island cloud with the old medicine farmer. This collection of pens is meaningful and the essence of poetry. Why didn't the poet devote himself to the steaming mountain village where he made silk for tea, but hid in the empty Yunshan? The word "casually" vaguely revealed his difficulties. Xiang Si was born in the troubled times at the end of the Tang Dynasty. He felt incompetent and ambitious. In another poem, he wrote: "It's no use giving gifts, and you are not ashamed to return them when you have gone home" ("Returning to the Mountain"). The "return without shame" mentioned here also shows the poet's state of mind of refusing his official career and being willing to live in seclusion in the mountains. "I don't hesitate to follow the island cloud", such as the last sentence seems to be closed but not closed, and the aftertaste still exists.
The characteristics of this poem are ingenious conception, changeable shape, sightseeing and clearly writing the author's experience inside and outside the village. Write scenery, beautiful scenery; Lyric and meaningful; Creating a profound realm is really a masterpiece. [2]
Mountain Tour-Controversy Record
The word "Shen" or "Sheng" in the second sentence of the original text is still controversial in academic circles. The Collection of Ancient and Modern Books edited by Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty, Chen Menglei, is Someone in the Deep of White Clouds. Guan Guang published this book in Ming Dynasty, and Ten Thousand Tang Poems were compiled in Song Dynasty as Bai Yunsheng has a real person. Qing Qianlong's Siku Quanshu has two versions. For example, Three Hundred Tang Poems compiled by Gao Chun in Ming Dynasty and All Tang Poems by Ding Yu are "There are people in the depths of white clouds", while 10,000 Tang Poems compiled by Mai are "there are people". In some textbooks, this poem has been changed from "there are people in the depths of the white clouds" to "there are people in Bai Yunsheng" now, and it is stated in the notes that "the place of birth is the place in the depths" (the textbooks used should prevail in the examination). 1994, the Ministry of Education re-edited The Grand Dictionary of Mandarin as "There are people in the depths of white clouds". But most people think "life" is more meaningful.