Edit the author of this paragraph.
Wang Anshi was born in the fifth year of Tianxi (A.D. 102 1) and died in the first year of Yuan You in the Northern Song Dynasty (A.D. 1086). Word, Mid-Levels people, Little Badger Lang, posthumous title Jing Guogong, also known as Wang Yushi, Mr. Linchuan died in the world. Song Linchuan (now from Shangchi Natural Village, dongxiang county, Fuzhou), Han nationality. An outstanding politician, thinker, writer, reformer and poet in the Northern Song Dynasty, he was one of the eight masters in the Tang and Song Dynasties (Liu Zongyuan, Han Yu, Su Shi, Su Xun, Su Zhe, Wang Anshi, Ceng Gong and Ouyang Xiu). He made outstanding achievements in the literature of the Northern Song Dynasty. His poem "Learn from Du Fu and Be Thin and Hard" is good at reasoning and rhetoric, good at using allusions, powerful in style, subtle in warning and profound in sentiment. He is the author of Collected Works of Mr. Linchuan, Collected Works of Wang Linchuan and Collected Works of Linchuan. The article Shang is selected from Mr Linchuan. Officials to the prime minister advocate reform and political reform. Poems such as Yuanri and Meihua are the most famous.
Edit the original paragraph
Fang Zhongyong, a native of Jinxi, is cultivated in the world. Zhong Yongsheng lived for five years and didn't understand books and tools. Suddenly he cried for it. The father, on the other hand, borrowed from the side and approached it, that is, four sentences of books and poems, which were named after themselves. His poems were written for adoptive parents and families and passed down to a scholar in a township. Nature refers to things as poetry, and its arts and sciences are considerable. People in the city are very surprised. They are a little nicer to their father or beg with coins. My father's interest is natural, and he will always pay tribute to the city people and let him be ignorant. I've been listening for a long time. In Ming Dow, it has been twelve or thirteen years since our ancestors went home and saw them at my uncle's house. To write a poem, you can't call it the smell of the past. After another seven years, I returned to Yangzhou and asked my uncle how he was. He said, "Everyone has left." The prince said: Zhong Yong's understanding is also an act of God. It is also blessed, far more virtuous than talents. If a chess piece is owned by everyone, it will not be influenced by others. He is a man who receives heaven, so he is a saint, and he who does not receive heaven is for all; Today's husband is not subject to heaven, and he is not subject to heaven, only for everyone.
Edit the translation of this paragraph.
There is a civilian named Fang Zhongyong in Jinxi who has been farming for generations. When Zhong Yong was five years old, he never knew about writing tools. One day, he suddenly cried for these things. My father was surprised at this and borrowed it from his neighbor's house. Zhong Yong immediately wrote four poems and inscribed his name. This poem, with the content of supporting parents and uniting clans, was spread to the whole town for viewing. From then on, he was assigned to write a poem, and he could finish it at once. The literary talent and authenticity of this poem are worthy of appreciation. People in the same county were surprised by this and gradually invited Zhong Yong's father to visit. Some people asked for Zhong Yong's poems with money. His father thought it was profitable. Every day, he dragged Zhong Yong to visit people in the same county and wouldn't let him study. I've heard a long time ago. In the era of Ming Dow, my late father and I returned to my hometown and met him at my uncle's house. He is twelve or thirteen years old. Let him write poetry, not as good as his previous reputation. Seven years later, I came back from Yangzhou and went to my uncle's house to ask about Fang Zhongyong. I replied, "Just like ordinary people." Wang Anshi said: "Zhong Yong's intelligence is innate. What he was born with is far superior to talented people. He finally became an ordinary person because the education he received failed to meet the requirements. He is born smart, so smart, and has no acquired education, but he still wants to be an ordinary person; Then, those who are not smart by nature today are ordinary people and don't accept the acquired education. Can they become ordinary people? "
Edit this paragraph comment.
Sentence solution
1. The father is different, and the next one is close to it. Father was surprised by this, so he borrowed pen and ink from his neighbor to Zhong Yong. 2. In this name, he wrote poems for adoptive parents and families. He wrote a name after the poem. His poems focus on supporting parents and uniting clans. 3. Nature refers to things as poetry, and its arts and sciences are considerable. From then on, as long as someone specifies something for him to write a poem, Zhong Yong will finish it immediately. The literary talent and authenticity of his poems are worth seeing. 4. Yi people are very strange, a little guest is their father; Or ask for it with money People in the same county were surprised and gradually invited his father to be a guest. Some people ask for Zhong Yong's poems with money. My father benefited from it, and the Japanese La Zhong Yonghuan paid tribute to the city people, without learning or skill. His father thought it was profitable and dragged Zhong Yong to visit people in the same county every day to prevent him from studying. 6. You can't call it the smell of the past. Translation: Not as famous as in the past. 7. Everyone's gone! Translation: Just like ordinary people. 8. Translated from Yangzhou: I came back from Yangzhou.
Word solution
The notional word 1. Injury: sadness, sigh 2. Person: Ordinary person 3. World: the fourth generation. Li: It belongs to 5. Plough: Plow. Health: grow to 7. Years: 8. No: not the taste: once 10. Knowledge: Yes 10. Writing (noun as verb) 12. Suddenly: suddenly 13. Cry: Cry loudly 14. Ask: Want 15. Different: surprised by ... 16. Yan: He means 65438. Near, here refers to the neighbor 18. And: give 19. That is: immediately, immediately 20. Book: write, write 2 1. And: and 22. Ego: Ego 23. In favor: inscription 24. Name: Name 25. Its: This 25. Support 28. Roger: unite 29. Be: act as 30. Meaning: 3 1 Pass: transmission 32. One: All 33. Viewpoint: Watch 34. From: Highway 35. Yes: this 36. Point: Specify 37. Write 38. Station: 39 immediately. Represents poetry 43. Text: literary talent 44. Li: Truth 45. Jun: Du 46. K: It's worth 47. Viewpoint: Watch 48. People: their location (aspects) ... 49. Yi people: 50 people from the same county. Strange: surprised at ... 5 1. Bin, noun as adverbial 54. Its: his, wearing 55. Or: Some people are 56. To: use 57. Ask: take 58. To: it, not poem 59. Profit: take ... as a favorable 60. It: this 6 1 However: this 62. Day. It's everywhere. Visit 66. Make 67. Yu: the first personal pronoun, I 68. Wen: Listen, listen to 69. One: it represents this matter 70. From: Follow 7 1 Ancestor: refers to Wang Anshi's dead father 72. Also: return to 73. Yu:. Quite 77. Time: 78. Wisdom: 79. Smell: rumor 80. Also: return 8 1. From: Highway 82. Reply: Come again, come again 83. Q: Q 84. Disappear: Disappear means that the original features have completely disappeared. 85. However, functional words like this ... 86. Yi: 87. Wisdom: 88. Tong: Tongda 89. Wu: Wisdom 90. Suffering: bearing 9 1. One: it, Wu Tong Generation 92. Day: congenital 93. One: it, a generation of talents 94. Over 95. Y: It's 96. Material: The same "talent" can be 97. Far: the gap is 98. Death: the last 99. Zhi: auxiliary word, untranslated 100. For: become 10 1. Then: be 102. Dai 103. On: Bei 104. By: untranslated 105. Arrival: Arrival 106. Peter: He 107. Like 108. Here: like 65438+. 8+0 1 1 .1: it, which stands for acquired education, 1 12. And: 1 13. Today: now 1 14. Husband: Don't translate (those) 1 15. Reality: original 65438+ 5438+0 18. Yes, it means rhetorical question. Equivalent to "horse" and "you" 1 19. Ming Dow: year number of Song Renzong (Zhao Zhen) (1032-1033)120. Ancestor: This refers to Wang Anshi's dead father 12655.
The Three Stages of Zhong Yong
Born in five years: nature refers to establishing things as poems; ② 123: Poetry writing cannot be called news of the past; ③ Seven years: forgotten by everyone.
Edit this paragraph, read it aloud and pause.
Jin Ximin/Fang Zhongyong, Shi Ligong. Zhong Yongsheng lived for five years without learning/learning/writing. Suddenly/crying for it, the father is different, borrowing/approaching/with it, that is/writing poetry, and/in the name of it. His poems/adopt parents and accept families/mean. , spread/a country scholar/view it. Self/refers to something poetic/established, which is artistic/impressive. People in the city are very surprised. They are a little nicer to their father or beg with coins. Father-itself benefit, and the Japanese pull Zhong Yong-ring in the city, unlearned. I've been listening for a long time. Ming Dow, from ancestors/home, at my uncle's home/saw it, twelve or three. Write poetry, which I couldn't call/hear before. Another year/seven years, I went back to Yangzhou to ask my uncle's house and said, "My silence/everyone." The prince said:/Zhi/Tong Wu, they are all favored by heaven. It is wise to be/be accepted by heaven. If you are everyone's pawn, then if you are subject to others, you won't. He/she is blessed by heaven, so he/she is virtuous, not loved by all, but owned by all; Today/husband is not subject to/day, solid people, and/not subject to people, is it/people/talent?
Edit this passage to understand
Topic understanding
"Hurt" means "feel sad for" [conative usage]. It reveals the author's regret for a child prodigy and emphasizes the importance of acquired education to success. Wounded Zhong Yong is selected from Collected Works of Mr. Linchuan (Zhonghua Book Company, 1959). "Injured" has three meanings. The first meaning is to feel sorry for a genius like Zhong Yong who finally becomes an ordinary person. The second meaning is to ignore the acquired education like Zhong Yong's father.
Authenticity of the article
Fang Zhongyong's understanding and intelligence, his talent is far higher than that of ordinary people, and it is regrettable that he finally became an ordinary person. Whether a person can become a success is related to his talent, but also to his acquired education and his own learning. To learn, emphasize the importance of learning to become a talent, and criticize the extinction of the talent environment. It also corresponds to a sentence of Confucius: "Learning without thinking is useless, and thinking without learning is dangerous."
Edit the relevant ancient prose in this paragraph.
If you don't advance, you will retreat. If you don't advance, you will retreat. If you don't have friends, you will be lonely and difficult to succeed. If you stay on one side for a long time, you will get used to dyeing without knowing it. Unfortunately, in remote areas, there is no money for horses and chariots. It is better to be knowledgeable, interrogate the ancients and collect them in order to find out where their right and wrong are. Nine times out of ten, several attending doctors can handle it five or six times. If you don't go out to study, you are a person facing the wall (1 1). Although you are a lamb and a saint of Yuanxian (12), you will never be helpful to the world.
Word annotation
(1) from the book with friends, the author gu. 2 unsophisticated: knowledge and insight are shallow. 3 square meters; Location. 4 habit: get into a habit. Xi: Pollution. ⑤ Poor and remote areas: poor and remote areas. ⑥ Capital: expenses. You should: You should, too. 8 interrogation: meticulous and elegant. 9 ancients and records: consistent with the ancients. Ji: He. ⑩ Shu (sh)) Several: Almost. (1 1) Wall: Facing the wall means you can't see anything. (12) Zi Lamb, the sage of Yuan Xian: Zi Lamb and Yuan Xian. Zi Xiao, that is, Gao Chai, the guardian of the Spring and Autumn Period; Yuanxian, the word Zisi, was born in the Spring and Autumn Period. They are both students of Confucius.
Poetry translation
People can't make progress every day when they study (or study), but they will regress every day. Studying alone without friends (exchanging ideas with each other) is bound to be shallow and difficult to succeed; After living in a place for a long time, you will unconsciously get into some habits. Unfortunately, if you live in a backcountry and you don't have the fare for your horses and chariots, you should do extensive research, make detailed research, and discuss the right and wrong in combination with the ancients, so that you can get almost five or six tenths. If you don't go out (learn from your friends) and study, you are an uneducated person. Even if you have talents like Purple Lamb and Yuanxian, they will not help the society after all.
Make an appreciative comment
This article tells the truth about people's learning. A person strives for progress in his studies, and if he can't make progress, he will inevitably regress. This paper discusses the problem of "if you don't advance for a day, you will retreat" from three aspects. First, "learning alone without friends is ignorant and difficult to achieve great things"; Second, "if you stay on the side for a long time, you will get used to it unconsciously"; Thirdly, "It's a pity that I am in a backcountry and have no money to travel, so I should be educated and interrogated ..." Then the article begins with the assumption that I don't go out and study. If so, even if I have a "kid, a sage among the sages", it is "useless to the world".
Editorial thoughts after reading this paragraph.
After reading Mr. Wang Anshi's "On", I was deeply touched. Fang Zhongyong, a genius, will eventually become an ordinary person. Are we just sorry and sympathetic to what happened to him? I'm afraid we should criticize Fang Zhongyong's father and county people, who have lost a talent for society for their own small interests. Is this harm to society more important than your own interests? Wang Anshi's purpose in writing this article should be not only this, but also his views on genius. Genius, as the name implies: a person who gets talent from heaven. Genius is certainly much better than ordinary people. With a little education and study, you can become a rare talent in society. But why did Fang Zhongyong finally become an ordinary person? Even worse than ordinary people? This is because he didn't receive the acquired education and didn't make progress. He just stood still, while others were struggling and making progress. In the end, he was just surpassed. Talent is very important, but education the day after tomorrow is also essential. Without acquired education, even the best talents will be abandoned. On the other hand, an ordinary person, through his own continuous efforts, may also make great contributions to society. You should study hard in order to make progress. The ancients said, "Industry is good at diligence." Diligence is the mother of success. Diligence can make up for it Almost wise, ancient and modern, Chinese and foreign, who is a successful person who has achieved success without hard study and won the praise and admiration of the world? Wang Xianzhi "exhausted three cylinders of water, a bit like Xizhi", and eventually became a great calligrapher. The window of French writer Flaubert's study is near the Seine. Because the lights were transparent all night, he was regarded as a fishing lamp by the boatman. His understanding of genius is nothing more than long-term patience. Work hard! Finally, he became a great writer. None of them is born smart. Their talent is not necessarily better than Fang Zhongyong's. Their success comes from their patience and diligence. Genius lies in accumulation, and cleverness lies in diligent study. No matter how talented a person is, if he doesn't study hard, he will never achieve great things. Even difficult to support themselves; A person, with a general talent, will produce results as long as he can study hard and study hard. Diligence is an indispensable part of success. Maybe we are not geniuses, but let's study hard and diligently from now on, and we will certainly make a difference.
Edit the summary of this paragraph.
Overall grasp
Taking Fang Zhongyong as an example, this paper illustrates the importance of acquired education to success. The article is divided into two parts: the narrative part describes that Fang Zhongyong was gifted when he was a child, but because his father "refused to learn", he eventually "disappeared from everyone" and became mediocre; The discussion part shows the author's point of view, pointing out that the decline of talents in Fang Zhongyong is due to "being influenced" and emphasizing the importance of acquired education. Taking Fang Zhongyong as an example, this paper explains the universal truth and gives people profound thinking. The language of this article is very accurate. In the narrative part, only 234 words are used to completely describe the changing process of Fang Zhongyong from five to twenty years old, and in the discussion part, there are only 70 words. Every word and sentence in the text has its exact expressive function, which is not dispensable. For example, in the first paragraph, the first sentence explains the native place, identity, name and family background, which is not only an essential general introduction, but the word "Li Shigeng" is the necessary foreshadowing for "not knowing books and tools" and "not learning skills", which not only sets off Fang Zhongyong's extraordinary talent, but also implies the family background that caused his fate; The word "crow" vividly describes the modality of Fang Zhongyong children asking for books and tools; The three adverbs of "suddenly", that is, "stand up", make the image of a gifted and quick-thinking child prodigy jump from the page; Sun Ban Zhong Yonghuan demoted to the city people ",just one sentence depicts the sad ignorance of Fang Zhongyong's father who is greedy for small profits and complacent; The word "unlearned" seems dull, but it indicates the change of Fang Zhongyong and points out the key to change the fate of Fang Zhongyong. The second narrative is very brief, with only one "look", one "smell" and one "ask" to explain Fang Zhongyong's later changes and ending. The discussion part at the end is concise and profound, and the reasoning is rigorous. We can observe and taste the characteristics of this language word for word. The language of this article is plain and emotional. This article, entitled "Hurting Zhong Yong", describes what can be hurt and how to be hurt. Between the lines, it reveals the author's regret that a child prodigy finally "disappeared from everyone's face" and the sorrow of those who "suffered from heaven" but "suffered from people", and shows the author's point of view with a clear attitude.
Problem research
1. Why does this article detail the situation when Fang Zhongyong first appeared? This article describes in detail the situation when Fang Zhongyong's talent first appeared. This arrangement implies the main idea of the article and accords with the author's intention. Wang Anshi wrote this article to illustrate the importance of "the recipient", that is, the acquired education, with Fang Zhongyong as a negative textbook. The word "injury" in the title has revealed this. "Hurt" means sadness and pity. Why did the author "hurt" Zhong Yong? Because of Fang Zhongyong's extraordinary talent, he was "unappreciated by others" and eventually "lost everyone". But this is not caused by Zhong Yong himself, and Zhong Yong can't be blamed, because he is a child after all and can't control his own destiny. This is caused by his greedy and short-sighted father. In the first paragraph, the article describes in detail the scene when Zhong Yong's talent first appeared. There are two clues: one is from describing the sudden appearance of Fang Zhongyong's talent to his growing popularity; Another article tells the story of Zhong Yong's father who discovered his son's talent and used his son's talent as a means of profit. The intention of this writing is: first, it shows that "Zhong Yong knows the general situation" is indeed a "lucky day" with innate factors; On the other hand, it was during this period that the seeds of decline were sown, that is, "the father benefited nature, and the day shift Zhong Yong was surrounded by local people, so that it was not allowed to study", indicating that Zhong Yong did not receive normal acquired education. As for the decline or even loss of Zhong Yong when he grew up, it was the inevitable result of "being unlearned". Of course, needless to say. The narrative part already contains the truth to be explained, so it is needless to say the discussion part. 2. What role does the phrase "I've been listening for a long time" play in this narrative? The narrative of this paper adopts the way of seeing and remembering, the first paragraph is "smelling", and the second paragraph is "seeing" and then "smelling". It describes Fang Zhongyong's debut at the age of five, his decline at the age of 12 or 13, and the ending of "disappearing from the crowd" seven years later, which shows that Fang Zhongyong can change in three stages. The narrative is coherent and clear, with compact details, concentrated content and clear meaning. This way of watching and recording also brought Fang Zhongyong into contact with "I", which was full of life breath and gave people a real feeling. The narrative part of the article integrates three paragraphs of "smell", "see" and "smell" in chronological order, and the turning sentence is "long-heard" sentence. The word "zhi" in this sentence is a link between the past and the future, which refers to the situation in the period when Zhong Yong talents first appeared; The words "smell" and "for a long time" indicate that the author has not been in his hometown for a long time, and only learned from rumors that he has never seen Zhong Yong-this last point is implied in the whole sentence. If this point is made clear, the whole sentence should be "I have heard about it for a long time, but I have not seen him." In this way, it is natural to say "see" in the future. It can be seen that the sentence "I have heard for a long time" uses two meanings: one is bright and the other is dark, to realize the transformation of context. 3. How to understand the relationship between "recipient" and "recipient"? The last discussion part is reasonable. The author thinks that Zhong Yongzhi's General Studies is a book that picks up people from heaven, and the reason for the decline of its talent is that those who pick up people don't come, which leads to a feeling that those who are less talented than Fang Zhongyong will be even more unimaginable if they don't pick up people. This passage discusses things step by step, distinguishes the relationship between "recipient" and "recipient", and makes people deeply feel the importance of "recipient". By "connecting with the sky", the author refers to people's talents; "Recipient" refers to the acquired education. The author thinks that the latter is more important, that is, the acquired education is crucial to a person's success, which is undoubtedly correct. It should be noted here that the "recipient" refers to the acquired education that people receive, not their own acquired learning and subjective efforts (Fang Zhongyong could not study and work hard because of his father's "refusal to learn"). These are two different issues, and the latter is beyond the scope of this article. But we can get inspiration from it, which is helpful for us to understand the relationship between human talent and acquired learning and subjective efforts.
Edit the supplementary notes of this paragraph.
1. Set clan relatives: "Book of Rites, Mourning" Zheng Xuan's Note: "Set clan relatives, that is, don't be intimate, make Zhao Mu." "Biography of the Book of Rites" Confucius and Ying Da's justice: "If the clan is separated, the flesh and blood are separated, and the sacrifice in the ancestral temple is not serious; If it is accepted, the relatives will not be separated, Zhao Mu will have a relationship, and the ancestral hall will have dignity. " Therefore, the meaning of "gathering clansmen" is to unite clansmen in the order of up and down, so as to keep them close and not fall apart. Fang Zhongyong's experimental work "takes adoptive parents and families as its significance". "Adoptive parents" is the expression of "filial piety" and "family adoption" is the expression of "benevolence". In feudal times, it was remarkable that a five-year-old child could have such ambitions. Therefore, it is no wonder that in addition to praise, people specially gave this poem to the scholars in their hometown for their evaluation. 2. Pass on the concept of a scholar in a township: "Scholar" is the name of ordinary scholar in the Tang and Song Dynasties, which is different from the students who passed the county examination in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. "One township", the whole town. This sentence should be understood as being passed on to readers in the whole town, not just to a scholar. 3. Poetry refers to things: that is, poems about things. In the past, when children were trained to write poetry, they often designated an object as a topic, requiring that the characteristics of this object and some thoughts and feelings could be expressed in poetry. This was the initial training for writing poetry. 4. In Ming Dow, I returned to my hometown to worship my ancestors: "Ming Dow", the year number of Song Renzong (1032 ~ 1033). "Ancestor", this is the name for the late father. According to: Wang Anshi's father has a good reputation, but his handwriting is not good. In the eighth year of Tiansheng (1030), I once learned about Shaozhou (now Shaoguan City, Guangdong Province) with Cheng in the temple. Three years later, he left his job and returned to China with Ding You, accompanied by Wang Anshi (then 13 years old). Accordingly, this time I returned to Ming Dow for two years (1033). In the second year of Baoyuan (1039), Wang Yi died in Jiangning (now Jiangsu). Wang Anshi wrote this article in Li Qing for three years (1043), so he called it "ancestor"! !
Edit the appendix of this paragraph.
The usage of function words is vague.
Function word "zhi" 1, suddenly crying for it-pronoun, writing tool. 2. Borrow the personal pronoun next to it. 3. From a scholar's point of view, look at Zhong Yong's poem "Rural Pronouns". 4, Yi people are strange-pronouns, he,. 5, or beg with money-pronoun, Zhong Yong's poem. 6. I've been listening to it for a long time-pronouns, about Zhong Yong. 7. See you at your uncle's house-pronoun, he, Zhong Yong. 8. You can't call it the taste of the past-auxiliary words, yes. 9, the day of acceptance-pronouns, enlightenment. 10, recipient-and the word, to. The function word "Yu" is 1, surrounded by city people-to, preposition 2, seen at my uncle's house-preposition, in. 3, the sage is far from talented-preposition, than. 4. People who are influenced by others are not-prepositions, quilts, and objects of action.
Flexible use of parts of speech
Beliefs are different-surprised. Strange-surprised at ... guests-treat them as guests. Unexpectedly ... it is profitable. Nouns as adverbials are getting more and more every day.
Extended reading:
1
People's Education Publishing House, Grade 7, Volume 2, Chinese Lesson 5
2
Shanghai Education Publishing House, Grade Seven, Volume One, Lesson Four, Chinese
three
Chinese teacher's opinion 12 lesson
four