Bai Juyi
Leng Yue is heavy and the bridal chamber is quiet.
Autumn frost is coming, prophet,
The tailor's scissors under the lamp are cold.
Appreciation of Bai Juyi's Poems
Bai Juyi wrote a lot of poems reflecting the life, fate and pain of feudal women in her life. This poem has always shown in my mind that young women miss their husbands in the boudoir. The first two sentences of this poem are about the lonely scene in late autumn, and the last two sentences are about long thoughts. His feelings are expressed through his meticulous feelings about things.
A new house refers to a deep house, which is located behind many houses in the house, usually where rich people and their wives live. The bedroom is already deep, and it is more quiet under the cold moonlight. The curtain is called a real bead curtain, which only shows that it is luxurious and commensurate with the new house. Both Bridal Chamber and Pearl Curtain imply their identity by describing the environment. "Wu Tongying" not only reflects the "Leng Yue" above, but also implicitly refers to the "autumn frost" below. Because there is no moon, there is no shadow. In autumn, Wu Tong is the first person to fall leaves on the tree. The so-called "a leaf falls and knows the autumn of the world." The scenery described in the first two sentences is so deserted and people are so lonely, which is closely related to the so-called cold palace always in my heart in the title.
In this lonely moonlight, in this quiet house, the people in the curtains are still asleep, holding scissors and cutting clothes. Suddenly, she felt the scissors cold and even her hands were stiff. Only then did I realize that it was late autumn and it was going to frost. Autumn frost is coming, jade hand prophet. Late at night in late autumn, it was this young boudoir woman who was going to give it to her distant husband. According to the system of officers and men in the Tang Dynasty, soldiers should bring their own armor, food and clothes and store them in the official warehouse for use in marching. However, after a long period of defense, the clothes are damaged and need to be sent home for replacement, especially the winter clothes that need to keep out the cold. Therefore, there are often descriptions of Mrs. Qiu beating people, making clothes and sending clothes in Tang poetry. In the era of Bai Juyi, the system of officers and men was destroyed, but the family still needed to send warm clothes to the recruiters. ) At the end of the year, it is cold, the husband does not return, the winter clothes are not finished, and the autumn frost is coming. How can you complain that the person you love is not only gone, but also frozen? As a result, the cold on the scissors not only reached her hands, but also immersed in her heart. Her husband's hardships, her loneliness at home, joy, sadness, ups and downs all come to mind. However, the poet intercepted the details of the weather changes that Sifu felt from the cold scissors in his hand when he cut the winter clothes, and left the rest alone. Let the reader imagine and experience.
Seemingly simple, but actually rich, this is the beauty of implication. This feeling of life is nuanced. The most common things and behaviors often contain profound philosophy and essence, and Bai Juyi is good at discovering and expressing profound meanings from ordinary things.
In my heart forever and Appreciation of Wang Changling's Tang Poems
Young women in boudoir have no worries,
Go to Cuilou with makeup in spring.
Suddenly I saw the color of willow on the strange head.
Regret teaching my husband to find the title.
Appreciation of Wang Changling's Poems
Wang Changling is good at subtly describing the psychological state and subtle changes of ladies-in-waiting children with four unique skills. This poem about palace grievances, such as in my heart forever and Poem of Long Letter and Autumn, is well known. This poem captures the psychological changes of the young women in the boudoir when they dress up and go upstairs to enjoy the beautiful spring scenery, vividly depicts the sad mentality and resentment of the heroine when she is worried about leaving, and implicitly expresses the idea that husband and wife love each other day and night instead of pursuing worldly fame and fortune.
The poem begins with "Young women in boudoir don't know how to worry" and "don't know how to worry", which shows the naive, naive, optimistic and cheerful character of young women in boudoir, as well as their love for life and philosophical attitude. It is precisely because she is too ignorant that she once yearned for worldly prosperity and advised her husband to find India. Because she loves life, she will dress herself up in front of the beautiful spring scenery, and jump on the Cuilou like a child to enjoy the spring scenery on earth. My husband has been on an expedition in the army for several years and should be worried.
Except that the heroine is young, has not experienced too many twists and turns in her life, and her family is relatively well-off (as can be seen from the next sentence "dressing up in a brothel"), the fundamental reason lies in the atmosphere of that era. At the beginning of the Tang dynasty, the national strength was strong, and joining the army for expedition and making meritorious deeds became an important way for people to "seek the title." "Fame only comes from Ma Su, and he is really a hero's husband" ("Send Li to West China") became the life ideal of many people at that time. Under the influence of this fashion of the times, "Xunyin" and his "young woman in the boudoir"
This road of life is full of romantic fantasies. The second sentence, "Spring lets you go to the green building", is the annotation and concrete expression of the form of "I don't know how to worry". One spring morning, after some careful dressing and deliberate decoration, she boarded her own high-rise building (brothel is brothel, and the buildings of ancient dignitaries were mostly decorated with cyan, so the word "Cui" was needed because of the horizontal tone, which corresponds to the heroine's identity and seasonal season). Of course, dressing up in spring is not to relieve boredom, but to enjoy the spring. This sentence describes the joy of young women's youth, precisely for the waste of youth and resentment of youth in the next period. From "Fixed Makeup"
With the phrase "I don't know what to worry about", we can understand her joyful mood before going upstairs. The word "Shang" vividly depicts her light steps when climbing stairs.
The third sentence "I suddenly saw the color of a tamarix chinensis lour" is the key to the whole poem.
"Sudden insight" shows the suddenness of what you see, the steepness of feeling and the swiftness of association.
In fact, in the beautiful spring, there are bright flowers everywhere, singing and dancing, and it is not surprising to see willow trees. However, the "willow color" seen here has its specific position-"Motou". This "stranger" reminds people that maybe the couple once went for a spring outing hand in hand; Perhaps in those days, in order to find a title and seek glory, she personally sent her husband to join the army on this "stranger's head". However, after her husband left for several years, this wonderful "strange willow color" was not appreciated. A feeling of disappointment, loneliness and sadness is bound to attack her heart and ignite her long-standing feeling of parting, so when her eyes collide with the "strange willow color", she will suddenly have a hot idea of "repenting her husband to find a seal" in generate. So from sadness to regret, from regret to resentment, the word "regret" is the derivative of "worry" and "resentment", and "worry" and "resentment" are the roots of "regret". When sadness haunts my heart, this young woman's resentment has nothing to do with her husband, but focuses on self-blame, which is even more prominent. The "regret" here is also an instant understanding of the secular fame and fortune of young women in boudoir. From another angle, it implicitly implies that the militaristic war of expanding territory destroyed the love and happiness of many people!
The main artistic features of this poem are emotional ups and downs, ups and downs, strong sense of picture, beautiful and subtle realm. I wanted to go upstairs to see the spring scenery, but it caused a bitter water. This change happened too quickly and suddenly, which seems hard to understand. This is the advantage of poetry, which vividly shows the rapid changes of young women's psychology, but does not tell the specific reasons and processes of the changes, leaving readers with sufficient space to ponder carefully. The title of the poem is "always in my heart", but there is not a word and the word "resentment" in the poem, and everything is intentionally implied.
Han always keeps it in his heart.
Leng Yue's heavy bridal chamber is quiet, and buttonwood trees are shadowed outside the real pearl curtain.
Autumn frost wants to be a prophet, and the tailor's scissors at the bottom of the lamp are cold.
works appreciation
Precautions:
The first two sentences of this poem describe scenery, while the last two sentences describe feelings. His feelings are expressed through his meticulous feelings about things.
The bridal chamber is a deep house, behind many houses, usually occupied by wealthy families and their wives. The bedroom is already deep, and it is more quiet under the cold moonlight. The curtain is called a real bead curtain, which is nothing more than describing its luxury, commensurate with the new house, and can't be silly. Both Bridal Chamber and Pearl Curtain imply their identity by describing the environment. Shadow of Indus not only contrasts with Leng Yue above, but also ridicules the autumn frost below. Because there is no moon, there is no shadow. In autumn, the earliest tree to shed leaves is the phoenix tree, so-called "one leaf falls and you know the autumn on earth". In the first two sentences, the scenery is so lonely and people are so lonely, which implies the resentment of the so-called lonely boudoir in the title.
In this lonely moonlight, in this quiet house, the people in the curtains are still awake, holding scissors and cutting clothes. Suddenly, she felt the scissors cold, even her hands were cold. What's going on here? Then I remembered that it was late autumn and it was going to frost. Autumn frost is coming, jade hand prophet. Late at night in late autumn, it was this young boudoir woman who wanted to give her cold clothes to her distant husband. According to the system of officers and men in the Tang Dynasty, soldiers should bring their own armor, food and clothes and store them in the official warehouse for use in marching. However, if the clothes are damaged after a long time, they must be sent by their families for replacement, especially the winter clothes that need to keep out the cold. Therefore, there are often descriptions of Mrs. Qiu beating people, making clothes and sending clothes in Tang poetry. In the era of Bai Juyi, the system of officers and men was destroyed, but family members were still required to give their husbands warm clothes. ) At the end of the year, it is cold, the husband does not return, the winter clothes are not finished, and the autumn frost is about to fall. How can you not complain when you think that your loved ones are not only hard to get back, but also very cold? As a result, the cold on the scissors not only reached her hands, but also reached her heart. It is entirely conceivable that her husband's hard work outside, her loneliness at home, her joy, her sadness, her ups and downs all come to mind. But the poet only wrote that she felt the change of the weather from the cold scissors in her hand, and said nothing else, so that readers could imagine and experience it themselves. Seemingly simple, but actually rich, this is the beauty of implication. This feeling of life is nuanced. In daily life, people often ignore the changes of some things, but a sensitive poet can capture and describe them, which makes people feel ordinary and fresh. This poem has this feature in art.
Analysis Method of Appreciation of in my heart forever's Poetry
Forever in the poem in my heart
The poem "in my heart forever" is about the sadness and resentment of young women and girls in the boudoir. Some of these poems were written by women themselves, and some were written by men imitating women's accents. There are many poems in funeral march in ancient times, which mainly describe the abandonment and yearning for women. With the theme of hurting spring, this paper analyzes the complex psychological state of women's sorrow, regret, loss or sadness under specific social situations and life experiences. These poems are not very ideological, but their artistic skills are worth discussing.
First, the common types of in my heart forever's poems:
1, expressing feelings of parting
For example, five pronouns in Li Jing's Biography of Huanxisha:
Lotus fragrance disappears leaves, and the west wind worries about green waves. Also with rhyme * * * gaunt and ugly. The chicken is far away in the drizzle dream, and the small building blows through the cold. How many tears hate, lean on the bar.
At the beginning of the last movie, the phrase "Lotus fragrance sells green leaves" conveys a deep feeling. In the first part of his words, the poet expressed his sadness at the destruction and disappearance of such precious and fragrant natural life. The next movie was particularly sad and touching. Among them, Mao Mao's dream of returning to chicken sauce in the rain means that a thinking woman dreams of recruiting people in her dream, and when she dreams back, she falls into the sadness of being far away from herself for a long time, while recruiting people is far away from chicken sauce. With the height of the small building, the beauty of Yusheng and deep affection, it shows the bitter dream and deep affection of Mao Mao Yu and Yusheng, loneliness and loneliness.
2. describe the beauty dying.
Beauty's dying comes from Qu Yuan's Lisao. In the poem, the vegetation is scattered, and the beauty is afraid of dying. Old age is a metaphor for a person's old age and twilight. The original intention is that people who do something will grow old slowly. Now people are going downhill, feeling sad and resentful. In fact, it is to describe the fleeting sadness of beautiful women to the beautiful youth of life. In China's ancient poems, the kindness of women in spring is a common theme. Because people's youth is short-lived, just like the beauty of spring is short-lived, so there is a feeling of hurting spring. For example, the late Tang poetry humanistic "The Bodhisattva Phase":
The mountains overlap, and the clouds want to smell the snow on their cheeks. Too lazy to draw Emei, too late to make up and wash. Look in the mirror before and after the flowers, and the flowers meet the moon. The new post is embroidered with lolo, all of which are golden partridges.
The first film of Ci describes the scene that a boudoir woman is lazy, careless and late in spring sleep. The following film describes the heroine looking in the mirror and getting dressed after washing and dressing. Women please themselves. When the husband is not at home, his youth fades away and his face is aging. So really lazy, late makeup, careless beauty.
3. Describe the feeling of missing a woman.
Describe the author's own feelings about life. For example, Li Shangyin wrote in the Goddess Chang'e flying to the moon:
The mica screen was dyed red by thick candles, and the Milky Way gradually tilted towards the morning star.
Chang 'e, I must regret eating the elixir, and now I am alone, in the blue sky, singing every night.
The loneliness expressed in the poem and the feeling of regretting the elixir caused by it are integrated into the poet's unique real life feelings and contain richer and deeper life implications. Surrounded by the dark and dirty reality, the poet tries to get rid of the secular world and pursue the lofty world in spirit, which often makes him more lonely.
Second, the common technology
1, lyrical because of dreams
It is often said that you think every day and dream at night. In China's ancient poems, many great poets and great poets have outstanding dream poems. The images or realms in dream poems are often beyond the imagination and description ability of ordinary people. What can't be done in real life is often realized by poets with the help of dreams. For example, Zhang's "Thinking of Spring Women":
The city walls are thin willows, and the roads are lush.
Carrying a basket, forgetting to pick leaves, I dreamed of Yu Yang last night.
On the surface, this poem describes that mulberry leaves are green in spring, and a woman goes outside the city to pick mulberry leaves, carrying a basket and forgetting what she is doing. What happened? That's just because I dreamed about Yuyang last night. During the Anshi Rebellion in the Tang Dynasty, many soldiers went to Yuyang. The woman's husband, presumably one of them, dreamed of going to Rongji's husband. Of course, he was particularly disappointed and couldn't bear to pick mulberry leaves. In this way, the poet expresses his deep thoughts for the people she loves.
2, borrow scenery lyric
Lyricism by borrowing scenery refers to the writing method of expressing the author's subjective feelings by means of the description of objective external scenery in literary works. This method can make feelings and scenes blend and depend on each other, thus creating an artistic realm of integration of things and me, perfectly expressing the author's thoughts and feelings and giving readers a strong infection. Its aesthetic effect is the unity of things and me, vivid and implicit. Such as Zhang Ji's a night-mooring near maple bridge:
Crows fell on the moon, crowed coldly, slept on maple trees, and slept in fishing lanes by the river.
In the lonely Hanshan Temple outside Suzhou, the bell that rang in the middle of the night reached the passenger ship.
This poem was written by the poet Zhang Ji. At that time, his country was at war. He failed the exam and was in pain, hesitation, sadness and helplessness. In the poem, the poet constructs a quiet and distant artistic conception with four poems: fishing by the river in autumn night, lying down with passengers, listening to the silent night bell, which makes the collocation of scenery and the artistic conception of characters reach a high degree of tacit understanding and blending.
3. Move the scene
The method of touching the scene and feeling refers to the writing method that touches the author's feelings, causes association and then sighs and expresses emotion because of the objective scenery and its change and development. Its characteristics are that emotion moves with the scene, words follow the emotion, and scenes alternate, creating a poetic artistic realm. What is indispensable in this kind of poetry is the emotion and external scenery hidden in the poet's heart. The poet's emotion is expressed through the expression of related association and similar association. For example, in the Tang Dynasty's poem "Forever in My Heart", the most noteworthy is Wang Changling's "Forever in My Heart":
Young women in boudoir don't know how to worry, but they are dressed upstairs in spring.
Suddenly I saw the green willows, and I felt uncomfortable; Oh, I regret that I shouldn't have asked my husband to find Hou Feng.
This poem tells the story of a married young woman who dresses herself beautifully and elegantly, and then walks lightly onto a brothel. At this time, what did she see when she stood on the roof? I saw the field in the distance, that is, the green color of willow trees on the field path. An inexplicable emotion, a strong emotion, suddenly welled up in my heart. She thought, if my husband is by my side at this time, how happy we would be to enjoy this beautiful spring scenery together! However, her husband went to other places early and was not around, and a feeling of loneliness came into being.
4, borrow things to express feelings
In the poem "in my heart forever", things are the lyric carriers commonly used by lyric heroes, which mainly include images such as the moon, water and clouds. For example, Lv Benzhong's "Picking Mulberry":
Hating you is not like the moon, east and west, north and south. East, west, north and south, only each other. Hating you is like a month on the river, full or loss. How long will the reunion last?
The poet wrote about the resentment of the lyric hero towards the people who traveled far away. The last film said that I hate you (traveler) because you didn't follow me all day like the moon at the bottom of the river. The next film said, I hate you, just like the moon in the upper reaches of the river, just reunited and short of money. Poets use the moon to show that there is less reunion and more separation between lovers. It can be said that the image is vivid, profound and full of emotion.
In a word, in my heart forever's poetry is an extremely important category in China's ancient poetry. This has something to do with the inconvenient transportation in ancient times, and more importantly, it lacks the influence of Confucianism on people. It is our duty to rule the country and level the world, and it is often difficult to go out. Or because men are ambitious in all directions, traveling around, seeking development opportunities and so on. Eventually, it led to the disappearance of relatives at home.