Of course, Li Bai read Qu Yuan's Ci and Fu in his early years, but it is not mentioned in the existing poems. It should be said that he was greatly influenced by Taoism before he entered Sichuan. After leaving Sichuan, he traveled around the Yangtze River and soon settled down for ten years. During this time, he traveled all over the hometown of Three Chu, and was deeply infected by the splendid Chu culture, especially deepened his understanding of Qu Yuan, and wrote "Qu Ping's ci poems hang the sun and the moon, and the king of Chu is empty" (Chu Ci). He assiduously studied Chu Ci, Han Fu and Yuefu folk songs of the Western Zhou Dynasty, and wrote a large number of poems and fu with Jingchu flavor. At the same time, Qu Yuan's patriotic thought of caring for the country and the people, his tenacious pursuit of ideals and his dedication to his post deeply influenced him. Combining with the ideals of "making the Atlantic region big and the sea and the county clean" and "making the country safe and helping the poor" established in his youth, he actively moved and asked for help to embark on his official career, and finally developed to worship the Hanlin in the early days of Tianbao.
Yin on the River is the work of Li Bai, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty. This poem, which begins with wandering on the river, shows the poet's contempt for vulgar and cramped reality and his pursuit of the ideal of free and beautiful life. The first four sentences are described with exaggerated and idealized images, showing the scene of river swimming, which has a peerless spirit; The middle four sentences are connected in pairs, compared in pairs, the former sentence runs through, affirming and praising boating in the rivers and lakes, and the latter sentence runs through, revealing the historical significance of ideal life; The last four sentences, which connect the past with the future, respond to the boating at the beginning, vividly depict the poet's contempt and arrogance for everything, and show from the opposite side that fame and fortune will not last long, with sharp ridicule. The whole poem is vivid in image, passionate in emotion, bold in momentum and clear in tone, which can fully show the characteristics of Li Bai's poems ideologically and artistically.
Original text:
Jiang shangyin
Mulan's bucket, Shatang boat, Yu Di, and gold pipes at both ends.
Bottles are welcome, prostitutes drift with the flow.
Immortals are waiting to ride the yellow crane, but sea travelers have no intention of following Bai Ou.
Qu Ping's Ci hangs the sun and the moon, and Chu Wang's pavilion is empty.
Xing Han put pen to paper, shook the five mountains, and became a poem in Cangzhou.
If fame and fortune exist, Hanshui River should also flow to the northwest.
Translation:
There is an oar and a boat on Mulan's boat, and flutes are playing happily at both ends of the boat. The ship was loaded with thousands of fine wines and beautiful geisha, and let them drift with the flow in the river. The immortal on the Yellow Crane Tower has not yet gone by the Yellow Crane, but I, a sea traveler, have no intention of traveling with Bai Ou. The sun and the moon are still hanging in Qu Yuan's ci-fu, and the hill where the King of Chu built the platform is now empty. When you are in high spirits, you can shake the five mountains by putting pen to paper, and when you finish your poem, the sound of arrogance goes straight across the sea. If fame and fortune can last forever, I'm afraid Hanshui will go backwards in the northwest.
Literary appreciation
This poem is one of the most representative chapters of Li Bai's ideological and artistic characteristics. It thrives on the river, showing the poet's contempt for vulgar and cramped reality and his pursuit of free and beautiful life ideals.
Although the first four sentences are scenes of river trips, they are not truthfully described, but are described in an exaggerated and idealized way, showing gorgeous colors and an atmosphere beyond the world. Mulan Shatangzhou is made of precious and magical wood: "Yu Di Golden Tube sits at both ends", and the exquisiteness of the musical instrument is remarkable: "Wine welcomes thousands", which shows that the wine is rich and prosperous: "Take prostitutes with the waves, stay and forget to return", which is endless fun. In a word, the boat on this river is enough to make poetry and wine for entertainment, and it is a free and beautiful world beyond the turbid reality.
The middle four sentences are connected in pairs and compared in pairs. "Immortal" is a link between the preceding and the following, affirming the fun of boating on the river; "Qu Ping" connects the preceding with the following, revealing the historical significance of the ideal life. "Immortals need to ride a yellow crane", even if they become immortals, they still have to wait. If the yellow crane doesn't come, they can't go to heaven. However, if you have been boating on the river, "the sea traveler has no intention to follow Bai Ou", but you forget to be smart, and you don't know what things are and what I am. You are more "immortal" than the fairy who looks at the yellow crane eagerly. In this state, fame and fortune, honor and disgrace in the world are poor, not to mention. Therefore, pitching the universe and looking at the ancient and modern times, we have come to the opposite understanding that "the eloquent people are all over the world": "Qu Ping's ci and fu hang the sun and the moon, and the king of Chu hangs the hills!" When you go boating between Jianghan, you will naturally think of Qu Yuan and the King of Chu, and the warning of this association lies in taking Qu Yuan and the King of Chu as two typical life examples and clearly opposing them. Qu Yuan devoted himself to patriotism, was exiled, and finally drowned in Miluo. His ci can win glory with the sun and the moon and remain immortal. The king of Chu was dissolute and extravagant, and died for the disaster of national subjugation. Temples and pavilions built by enslaved people have long since disappeared, and desolate hills are everywhere. This couplet vividly shows that what belongs to progress in history is immortal after all, and it belongs to the inevitable demise of reaction; There is also the meaning that a writer's great cause is immortal, but his position is unshakable.
At the end of these four sentences, "Qu Ping" is followed by a couplet. The second sentence of Xing Han inherits Qu Ping's theory of ci and fu, and also responds to the beginning of boating on the river. It is extremely heroic and vividly depicts the poet's self-elation, contempt for everything when he writes poetry, and his arrogant and unrestrained manner. "Shaking Five Mountains" is a heroic and invincible brushwork; "Lingcangzhou" is a bold mind. Finally, "if fame and fortune exist, Hanshui River should also flow to the northwest", said King Taixu of Chu, and at the same time, it further concretized and visualized "Laughter". It is not positive to say that fame and fortune will not grow, and it is negative to say that it is impossible, which strengthens the power of negation, shows irresistible momentum and has a sharp irony. The ideological content of this poem is basically positive. On the other hand, it is not advisable for poets to praise debauchery and wanton enjoyment as an ideal way of life. Jin runs Yu Di, carries wine and prostitutes, and is also obsessed with fame and fortune. This is the contradiction of Li Bai's thought. This contradiction is obvious in many of his poems, which has become a limitation with great personality characteristics.
The poem consists of twelve sentences, vivid in image, passionate in emotion, heroic in momentum and clear in tone. I only thought it was a magical line after reading it. Judging from the structure and organization of the whole poem, it is dense and unique. The beginning is a vivid image description, which immediately brings the reader into an unusual realm. The two couplets in the middle belong to the ending, while the poem is positive and negative, which expands the capacity of the poem and makes it full of ups and downs. At the end of the four sentences, exaggeration is extremely emphasized, and the feelings are even more passionate, hearty and unrestrained, showing endless power. This is a realistic view after careful experience.
Although this poem was not selected into the teaching material by later generations because of the negative view of "following the flow to get prostitutes" or "if fame and fortune are long, the Hanshui River will also flow to the northwest", its fame is not as good as that of famous works such as "Near Wine", but it is also a masterpiece of Li Bai in his thirties and forties. It is relatively well-behaved, but it is magnificent and fluent, and expresses the author's strong feelings in one go.