Using allusions is a commonly used expression technique in classical poetry. The following is a list of commonly used allusions for ancient Chinese poetry in high school that I have compiled for you. I hope you can help everyone!
Commonly used allusions in ancient Chinese poetry in high school (1)
Generally speaking, there are two main types of allusions in classical poetry, namely using things and quoting previous poems.
1. Using Shiyongdian Using Shiyongdian is to borrow historical stories to express the author’s thoughts and feelings, including his stance and attitude towards certain issues in real life, personal moods and wishes, etc. It is a borrowing Ancient expressions of nostalgia. Xin Qiji, a great poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, loved to use allusions and often used several allusions in succession. Most of them were due to the needs of the content, and sometimes they were inevitably piled up.
For example, "Yong Encounter with Nostalgia in Guting, Beiguting, Lejingkou"
Through the ages, there are no heroes to be found, and Sun Zhong seeks a place②.
On the dancing pavilion and singing stage, the wind and rain are always blowing away the wind.
The setting sun, the grass and trees, the ordinary alleys, where the humane slaves once lived③.
Think back to those days ④, when we were brave and strong, we could swallow thousands of miles like a tiger.
Yuanjia hastily ⑤, sealing the wolf as his surrogate, and winning a hurried visit to the north.
Forty-three years ⑥, I still remember the beacon fire on Yangzhou Road.
Looking back, under the Buddha’s Temple⑦, there is a sacred crow drum⑧! Who can ask, Lian Po is old⑨, can he still eat? [Note]
① , Jingkou: Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu Province is named after Xian Mountain and the mouth of the Yangtze River near Jingjing. ② Sun Zhongmou: Sun Quan, the king of Wu during the Three Kingdoms period, whose courtesy name was Zhongmou, once made his capital Jingkou. ③. Send a slave: the nickname of Liu Yu, Emperor Wu of the Song Dynasty in the Southern Dynasties. ④. Three sentences about those days: Liu Yu led the Jin army in the Northern Expedition twice and regained Luoyang, Chang'an and other places. ⑤, "Yuanjia Caocao" sentence: Yuanjia is the reign name of Liu Yuzi and Liu Yilong. hastily: thoughtlessly. It is said that Liu Yilong was so happy about his achievements that he rushed the Northern Expedition and suffered a disastrous defeat. ⑥. "Forty-three years" sentence: The author returned to the south in the 32nd year of Shaoxing, Emperor Gaozong of the Song Dynasty (1162), and it was exactly forty-three years when he wrote this poem. ⑦. Foli Temple: Emperor Taiwu of the Wei Dynasty named Tuoba Tao the nickname Foli. He once built a palace on Guabu Mountain on the north bank of the Yangtze River, which later became the Buddha Temple. ⑧. Divine crow: refers to the crow that eats sacrifices in the temple. Shegu: drum sound during sacrifice. ⑨, Lian Po: A famous general of Zhao State during the Warring States Period. It is not difficult to see from the annotations that the whole word is almost always expanded in the dictionary. The poet used the past to satirize the present, criticizing the mistake of Han Tuozhou, the leader at that time, who risked the Northern Expedition and tried to win by chance. At the same time, he also expressed his sadness and indignation that he wanted to make contributions to the country but could not use his talents. This theme is mainly expressed through four historical stories that allude to reality, namely the stories of Liu Yu, Liu Yilong, Emperor Taiwu of the Northern Wei Dynasty Tuoba Tao and Lian Po. This poem is a criticism of the rulers at that time. Since it is not convenient to say it directly, using allusions is the best way.
Commonly used allusions in ancient Chinese poetry in high school (2)
The purpose of quoting or adapting allusions from previous poems is to deepen the artistic conception in the poems. Prompt people to associate and find meaning behind the words.
? Think about those days when we were strong and strong, able to swallow thousands of miles like a tiger? (Xin Qiji's "Yong Yu Le Jingkou Beigu Pavilion Nostalgic for the Past")
? After ten miles of spring breeze, all the shepherd's purses and wheat are green? (Jiang Kui's "Yangzhou Slowness") In addition to recalling the author's experience when he went south 43 years ago, this poem is all about words.
Thinking back to those days when they were brave and powerful, and could swallow thousands of miles like a tiger? It writes about Liu Yu’s heroic spirit in resisting the enemy during the Northern Expedition.
The author praises Liu Yu and satirizes the shameless behavior of the peace faction of the Southern Song Dynasty in humiliating and suing for peace, showing the author's idea of ??resisting the Jin Dynasty and his determination to restore the Central Plains.
? Ten Miles of Spring Breeze? Quoted from Du Mu's "Farewell" (Pingping is more than thirteen years old, and the cardamom leaves are in early February.
Ten Miles of Spring Breeze on Yangzhou Road, it is better to roll up a bead curtain.) The poems in it express the prosperous situation of Yangzhou's ten-mile long street in the past, and they are fictional descriptions; "All the shepherds and wheat are green", they express the desolate situation that the poet sees today, but they are actual descriptions. These two contrasting pictures embody the poet's emotion about the past and present decline.
Commonly used allusions in ancient Chinese poetry in high school (3)
1. Basic strategy for answering questions
1. Grasp the title, refer to the content, and clarify the category and center.
2. Capture the image, form a picture, and initially understand the characteristics of the image.
3. Review the question, clarify the requirements, and accurately locate (test objects: content, method, language; part, whole).
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1. Methods of expressing one's emotions expressively:
① Express one's emotions directly (express one's feelings directly) ② Express one's emotions indirectly? Express one's emotions by borrowing scenery, expressing one's emotions by borrowing things (breaking willows, climbing high, leaning on railings, using allusions), To express one's ambition, to symbolize, to set off, to set off, to accentuate, to contrast, to show response, to combine virtuality and reality, to write from the other side, to express one's ambition; to express one's ambition in the final chapter.
2. Description (scenery) method? Comparison, rendering, foil, movement and stillness, contrast, personification, exaggeration, front and side, virtual and real.
(2) Content:
Question direction: What kind of artistic atmosphere is created, what kind of thoughts and feelings are expressed (pictures, scenery, thoughts, feelings)
Answering process: Describe the scene (do not translate the original sentence)? Grasp the characteristics of the scene (scenery, bleak, desolate, lonely, full of vitality, etc.)? Identify the situation according to the scene, grasp the thoughts and feelings (note that the scene is consistent or relative)
(3) Language:
Question content: language characteristics, language style, language art
Answer direction: fresh and elegant, plain and natural, bright and simple, rhetorical Gorgeous, euphemistic and implicit, concise and concise, melancholy, vigorous and majestic, mostly spoken, clear as words.
(4) Comprehensive questions:
1. Appreciate a certain word or sentence; the function of a certain word or why this word is used; what is good about a certain sentence Where;
Answer direction: Content? The picture painted by this word or sentence (or the emotion expressed, the truth explained); the expression effect? ??It is often the role of scene description in emotional expression; if If specific expression techniques are used, such as metaphor, personification, foil, etc., the methods used must be written down. That is: what method was used, what content was written, and what effect it played.
2. Poetic eye (the word or character in the poem that best expresses the emotional meaning and spiritual connotation); Poetic bone (the sentence that is at the core and plays a commanding role in the poem) analyzes each line of the poem line by line. Content, analyze how it unfolds around "Poetic Eyes" and "Poetic Bones".