Rilke: When I recognized the storm, I was as excited as the sea.
North Island
one
autumn
Lord, it's time. Summer is its peak.
Put your shadow on the sundial,
Let the wind blow through the pasture.
Let the last fruit of the branch be full;
Give the south two more days of fine weather,
Let them mature and put them
The last sweetness was squeezed into spirits.
No one needs to build a house at this time.
At this time, whoever is lonely will always be lonely.
Wake up, read, write long letters,
Stay on the tree-lined road
Wandering and falling leaves.
It is this poem that makes me hesitate again and again, and I still put Rilke among the greatest poets in the 20th century.
Poetry and fiction have different measures. If you use a knife as a metaphor, poetry is good at cutting edges, and novels are good at emphasizing texture.
Quantitative modeling and other sense of wholeness. A poet often depends on a few good poems, and the number is not important. Rilke has been writing all his life.
2,500 poems, in my opinion, are mostly mediocre, even his two long poems "Mourning of Duneo" and "
Orpheus's sonnets are also held too high in the western world. This is just as Rilke said in his About Rodin.
As the book says, "honor is the sum of all misunderstandings."
As for Autumn, I mean Feng Zhi and Lv Yuan, and robert bly.
Bly), and finally "saved" on the basis of Feng's translation. Mr. Lvyuan is both a poet and a poet.
Translator, but his translation of Autumn is sloppy and rough;
Lord, it's time. What a spectacular summer.
Cast your shadow on the sundial,
Then let the wind blow to the suburbs.
Command the final fruit to be full and mature;
Give them two more sunny days in the south,
Urge them to grow to perfection,
And brew the last sweetness into spirits.
Whoever has no house now can't build it.
Now single people will be lonely for a long time.
Will be awake, reading and writing long letters.
Will be restless on the tree-lined path
Wandering around and watching the fallen leaves fall.
The first paragraph is not bad, but the problem lies in the second and third paragraphs. First of all, he tried his best to crush the poem into tofu.
The second paragraph has the same number of words in each line, and so do the two parts of the third paragraph. For this external form of neatness, he used
A large number of disyllabic words make up numbers, which is the most taboo in modern Chinese, and it is bound to destroy the natural sense and rhythm of the language. special
The sentence "Give them two more sunny days in the south" is particularly straightforward. Originally, it was very simple, that is, "two days in the south is good."
weather "The most subtle thing in the second paragraph is the transformation of a series of mandatory verbs, which is not reflected enough in green translation. take for example
And brew the last sweetness into spirits. The original meaning of "brewing" is "urgency". The third paragraph begins with the imperative sentence ".
Whoever doesn't have a house at this time doesn't need to build it./Whoever is lonely at this time will always be lonely. "Luyuan used the sentence.
"Now who don't have a house, can't build. /People who are single now will be lonely for a long time ",change.
The focus of tone. There is a "see" at the end, which destroys the kind of guests that the author deliberately pursues.
Observation description.
Of the three English versions, Bly is the most outrageous. He first translated the title "Autumn Day" into "October Day".
Translate "fine weather in the south" into "fine weather in the Mediterranean" and put the last sentence "keep/wander on the tree-lined road"
Walking alone on the path under the big tree,/don't go home, leaves are falling. People just
I went home without mentioning it, and Bly insisted on gilding the lily.
The reason why I took pains to explain translation is to let us know where reading started and where it went.
In other words, the ultimate goal is to clarify the boundaries between poetry and translation. A good translator is like a shepherd.
Lead us into the pasture; And a bad translation is like a wolf, leading us astray behind our backs.
The embarrassing situation I am facing is that I don't understand any foreign languages except English. It is reasonable to say that I can't tell the difference between animal husbandry.
Sheep and wolves, maybe I am a wolf in sheep's clothing. However, in order to attract more attention, we will continue our poetry.
And translation seems to be the only way: cross the river by feeling the stones.
Autumn was written in Paris on February1,1September, 902, when Rilke was only 27 years old.
Anyway, let's enter the "autumn day" together. From the beginning, make sure that the object of the dialogue is God: the Lord.
It is time. This tone is short and solemn, and there is even an imperative tone. Summer is its peak. Reference topics, displaying
However, it is lamentable that the arrogant summer has finally passed. It's time to put your shadow on the sundial.
It's time to go/let the wind blow over the pasture. "Put ..." and "Let" are imperative extensions. These two sets of ideas
Elephants have a wonderful counterpoint, that is, your shadow and wind, sundial and pasture echo each other in the context.
Cause and effect your shadow is tangible, and the sundial determines the time by its position; The wind is invisible and eating grass.
The field is an extension of the sundial in time and space. Generally speaking, simile is horizontal, relying on "as if" and "as if".
... like "to connect; Metaphor is vertical, depending on the context. Besides, when it comes to poetry
Directionality, this poem is a good example, from near to far, from center to edge. The sundial is the center, and
The shadow of God locates everything. The wind blows from here to the vast pasture.
The second paragraph is still an imperative sentence that maintains the beginning. It is the wind that drives this change, and it is the wind that drives the paragraphs between paragraphs.
Cross. As mentioned above, the most subtle thing in this paragraph is the progression of a series of mandatory verbs: let-give-urge-press.
This is actually the whole process of wine brewing, which is vividly outlined by these verbs. "Let the branches bear the last fruit.
Full; /Give the south two more days of fine weather,/Let them mature and squeeze the last sweetness into spirits. "If it works.
Furthermore, it seems that what is said here is not just brewing, but life and creation.
The third paragraph is the climax of this poem. "Whoever doesn't have a house at this time doesn't have to build it/whoever is lonely at this time will always be lonely.
"Independence", these two famous sayings almost sum up the theme of Rilke's life, that is, he has no hometown and is destined to look for it forever.
. About two years ago, he wrote in a letter to his girlfriend who later became his wife: "Do you know? if I ...
Pretending to find home and hometown elsewhere is disloyal. I can't have a cabin, I can't live in peace.
All I have to do is wait for roaming. "It may be the best annotation of these two sentences." I just woke up and read and write long.
Dear letter,/continue to wander on the tree-lined road, falling leaves. "At the beginning of the two sentences with a philosophical self-summary.
Sketch objectively, keep your distance from yourself, push the focal plane away from close range, from indoor to outdoor, and use images.
Symbolizes the end of the wandering image. The last three sentences are all dynamic: wake up, read, write and wander. And fallen leaves
Dancing strengthens this dynamic and highlights the sense of desolation of loneliness and wandering. This reminds me of Su Shi's famous sentence: "Zhuan Xu"
Pavilion, low yee households, such as sleepless. Its focal plane switching has the same effect.
This is a perfect poem that is almost impeccable. On the whole, each paragraph is a gradual knot.
The structure was deliberately constructed and gradually pushed to the final climax. The transformation of complex tones becomes the driving force, which makes the theme unfold layer by layer.
The opening is obviously related to god, and at the same time it is threatening; The second stage of the brewing process is carried out from the outside.
Internal transformation, this creation itself becomes the intermediary between god and man; The third paragraph is the confusion and awakening on the road of life, yes.
Absolute loneliness. These three paragraphs are from God to nature to man, and finally come down to man's existence. This is a song full of
Passionate poem: "Lord, it's time." "Whoever doesn't have a house at this time won't have to build it/who is lonely at this time."
Lonely forever ",but at the same time very restrained, like a torrent pressed underground by rocks, sometimes erupts. "This passion.
The courage to face the plight of human existence, because it touched the "pain point" of our time, brought spiritual sublimation. This poem
The mystery is based on the sensibility of images, from which readers can enter and experience the inner passion of a wanderer.
On the same day, Rilke wrote another poem, Loneliness. Attached is the translation of Loneliness in Luyuan:
Loneliness is like a shower.
It rises from the sea to dusk;
From the remote and desolate Pingwu
It went to heaven, where it lived for a long time.
It descended from heaven to the city.
It rained down at an ambiguous moment.
At that time, all the streets welcomed tomorrow.
At that time, the body got nothing,
Had to be disappointed and sadly dispersed;
At that time, they hated each other,
Have to lie in the same bed;
Loneliness rolls and flows like this. ...
......