Male (1888 ——1961year), named _, Xiping lay man, also known as Yishan woodcutter, Zhai Ming Xiping, China ceramic artist. His ancestral home was in Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, and his ancestors moved to yi county, Anhui Province to escape the war. He was born in Huanggang Village, Poyang County, Jiangxi Province.
Chinese name: Wang Dafan.
Nationality: China.
Place of Birth: Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province
Date of birth: 1888
Date of death: 196 1
Occupation: Master of Fine Arts
Main achievements: won the gold medal in Panama Expo.
Representative works: Ma Xian's commander-in-chief, pastel porcelain vases, large porcelain vases, Dayu's water control, porcelain plate paintings, and the broken king's visit to Beijing.
life experience
Wang Dafan is a descendant of Confucian merchants, and his ancestors taught them. Because of the war, my father lost his business and relied on his mother Lu to make a living. Wang Dafan studied in a private school for three years when he was a child. /kloc-I was an apprentice barber before the age of 0/3. 190 1 year, I went to Jingdezhen with my parents to take refuge in my sister's "Red Shop" and studied with my brother Wang Daping. After three years as an apprentice, Wang Dafan painted porcelain independently in her sister's shop. At this time, his sister hired Wang, a famous Hongxian porcelain painter and pale crimson painter at that time, to paint porcelain in the shop, which provided a learning opportunity. Wang is a representative figure of "literati painting" at the end of 19 and the beginning of the 20th century, especially his paintings of ladies. Wang made a living by painting paper fans in Hangzhou in his early years. His calligraphy was influenced by the "two kings" in Qing Dynasty, and his paintings came down in one continuous line with Fei and Sha Shanchun. Wang is only three years older than Wang, so he is easy to communicate. They have developed from friendship to mentoring. Wang not only teaches painting, but also teaches him poetry and songs. Under the guidance of Wang, he studied hard and made great achievements. 19 15,, Pangouyu, Wang, Zhou, their works were recommended by Jiangxi Porcelain Company and Jingdezhen Chamber of Commerce and sent to Panama Expo. Wang Dafan's pastel porcelain painting "Handcopied by Fu Gui" won the gold medal in Panama Expo, which was the only gold medal winner at that time.
1922, participated in the "Porcelain Art Research Association" initiated by Xu, the county magistrate of Fuliang County, with Wang as the vice president. From 1922 to 1924, * * has attracted more than 200 members, published more than 20 issues, and held many art exhibitions for teachers, students and members. In view of the deficiency of ceramic painting, the classic of China's painting theory "Lin Zhi" is used to improve the artistic accomplishment of artists in Hongdian and explore the development of ceramic art.. 1924, the research society was looted by warlords. Soon, at the age of 39, Wang died of illness. After losing his teacher, Wang Dafan didn't feel depressed. Instead, he continued to work hard, practiced diligently and read widely, thus establishing his position in Jingdezhen porcelain art world. In order to devote himself to the creation and research of ceramic painting,
Wang Dafan and Wang Qi went to Shanghai in 19 16 to observe the works of marine painting school, and met Mr. Wu Hufan. During this visit, they respectively liked the painting styles of Luo Pin and Huang Shen among the Eight Eccentrics in Yangzhou. After returning to Jingdezhen, we often study, copy and discuss together, which has a growing influence. Chen An, the county magistrate of Fuliang County, wrote a "Amazing" plaque for their studio Tao Tao, and the two became famous from then on. 1928 1 month, a porcelain dealer wanted to collect two sets of eight-piece long porcelain plates, painting landscapes, flowers and birds, figures and animals respectively. Wang Dafan and Wang Qi contacted eight porcelain artists, including Wang Yeting, He Yiren, Deng Bishan, Cheng Yiting, Bi Botao and Liu Yucen, to paint and formed the "Full Moon Festival", which is also called "Eight Friends of Zhushan". Soon, Bi Botao went back to his hometown to attend his funeral, and Deng Bishan died, so Xu Zhongnan and Tian Hexian were accepted as members, which lasted until about 1940.
During the 39 years from 190 1 to 1940, the ceramic art in Wang Dafan has completed the transformation from ancient colors and patterns to traditional literati painting.
From1901-1920, he was deeply influenced by his master Wang, and the early paintings of ladies were in the same strain as Wang's paintings of ladies, both of which were fashionable in the late Qing Dynasty. For example, the image of a lady in The West Chamber and Wang's hunting map all belong to an oval face, a small cherry mouth and a thin waist. The style is very similar to that of Fei, Shashan Chunhe. It is based on the expression of ladies and gentlemen, with dramatic techniques as the expression, delicate brushwork and formal modeling. It has not yet reached the mature stage, but it shows Wang Dafan's persistent pursuit of art.
19 16. After Wang Qi and Wang Dafan returned to Shanghai to observe the works of marine painters, Luo Pin's painting style had a great influence on Wang Dafan. Compared with Luo Pin's paintings, Wang Dafan's paintings of supernatural figures are like re-creation. Learning the painting techniques of Wu Daozi, Chen Laolian and Ma Jingjiang in middle age can be said to have benefited a lot, learned from others and become a legalist. Later, Wang Dafan learned nutrition from Ma Tao's "Painting in Poetry", and Ma Tao seems to be able to get a glimpse of it from the "Test of Rich Life". At this time, Wang Dafan also created some porcelain works with Confucian thoughts and historical allusions, such as Tattoo of Mother-in-law, Mulan Joining the Army, Three Realms in Taoyuan, Three Heroes in the Wind and Dust, Holding Candles, Love Goose in Xihe River, Too White to Be Drunk, Saving the World with Wisdom, Song Ju's Legacy and so on. Among them, "Collecting Medicine to Help the World" tells the story of Tie Guai Li, the Eight Immortals, collecting Ganoderma lucidum from the mountains to heal human trauma. The picture shows steep mountains, numerous peaks and winding paths. Whether it is the shaping of characters or the composition of rocks, it gives people a strong visual feeling, and the content and form have reached a high degree of unity and harmony; "Smelling chickens and dancing" is one of Wang Dafan's favorite painting themes. Its accurate modeling pays attention to the sense of volume and the agility of wielding a sword, showing the beauty of elegance and strength. When Wang Dafan was young, he liked to play the piano and dance the sword, and he also liked to paint "Smelling Chicken Dancing" to practice writing. Before writing, he posed in front of the mirror and danced with a sword. After having a clear plan, he finished painting in one go. Drama Moon-Chengtian Temple is very mature in poetry, painting and calligraphy. "Play on-Chengtian Temple, Su Gong and the guests are idle. I know that thousands of years later, I am in the living room again. " This poem is naturally simple and profound. The atmosphere of "literati painting" is full of pictures, and the depiction of characters, the organization of clothing lines, the collocation of scenes and the composition of pictures are just right. Although Song Ju Still Exists is a part-time work, its character modeling and picture composition show that the author pursues elegance and elegance in expression and emphasizes freehand brushwork. The above works are enough to represent the artistic style and aesthetic characteristics of Wang Dafan's middle-aged paintings.
Character honor
201110/On October 22nd, Jingdezhen Folk Folk Culture Association and Jingdezhen National Folk Culture Rescue and Protection Center reported it to Jiangxi Art Working Committee for review, and submitted it to China Ceramic Art Honorary Title Awarding Ceremony for brewing. After receiving the opinions of nearly 100 senior talents, masters, professors and representatives of news media in China, the official representatives raised their hands and unanimously agreed to recall them as ".
Character works
The humanistic connotation of Wang Dafan's historical allusions figure painting comes from his extensive reading. When he was young, he was addicted to books. After painting, he concentrated on reading. He scrimped and saved in his daily life, but he bought a lot of books without hesitation. He is often bought and taken to the studio, reading at night until morning. The books I read are Zeng Guofan's Letters and Poems in the Garden. There are literary masterpieces such as Liaozhai, Dream of Red Mansions, Romance of the Three Kingdoms and Water Margin, as well as ancient painting theories such as Huajian Collection, Landscape Tactics, Calligraphy and Jade.
As a figure painter, Wang Dafan also attaches great importance to the unity of content and form. For example, the forms of expression of his works, such as Three Heroes in the Dust, Holding Candles, My Mother-in-law's Tattoo and Liang Hongyu Drumming in Jinshan, are all deepened according to the needs of the content. "From the formal point of view, it is the representation of content, and from the content point of view, it is the connotation of form." At this time, Wang Dafan has begun to explore and study formal beauty. He knows that understanding and grasping formal beauty is the secret of an artist's success, and it is also the premise for his works to be handed down from generation to generation.
Throughout Wang Dafan's life's creation, the style and pursuit of "literati painting" in his porcelain art are based on "appealing to both refined and popular tastes". Of the ten painters in Eight Friends of Zhushan, except Wang Qi, they are all slightly freehand and graceful. The essence of this artistic expression and aesthetic concept is "to suit both refined and popular tastes". Wang Dafan pastel porcelain dish "Liang Hongyu Beats the Drum to Hit Jinshan" is a typical example. He highlighted a corner of Jinshan with an axe, and the mountains were looming in the distance. Close shot is a warship commanded by Liang Hongyu, only the bow is exposed, and the hull and stern are blocked by peaks. Warships hover between the rippling near water and the mirror-like far lake, forming a sharp contrast between motion and stillness, aiming at highlighting the vastness and grandeur of the war scene, transmitting infinite information from limited pictures, and making valuable explorations in painting meaning, painting connotation and painting scenery. Portrait with historical allusions is a highlight of Wang Dafan's artistic career.
From the 1940s to the anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China 10, Wang Dafan ceramic art reached its peak. At this time, under the agitation of various artistic thoughts, Wang Dafan was full of yearning for the art of the new era, and with great enthusiasm for the new China, he created such famous works as Ma Su for the Commander-in-Chief, Ten Years of Facing the Wall, Dayu's Water Control, Breaking the King into Beijing, Zhuo Wenjun, Listening to the Piano under Matsushita, The New Eight Immortals, and Seven Sages in the Bamboo Forest.
Wang Dafan's works, big or small, can be said to be full of the beauty of interest, artistic conception and form of "literati painting". Small works should be considered as a whole, and less wins more; Large-scale works are strategically arranged. The immortal characters in his works are not out-of-touch gods, but people full of humanity, human feelings and flesh and blood; The historical figures in his works are either vicious or upright, or humorous or wise. For example, the seven sages of bamboo forest have different character styles, inner spiritual temperament and artistic connotation, and emphasize the aesthetic interest of painting, and extend this interest beyond painting to improve their cultural character. His "New Eight Immortals" echoed back and forth, blending head and tail. Eight porcelain plates can be made independently or put together to form a complete and unified picture.
Facing the new era, Wang Dafan's heart is full of open-mindedness after the storm. With the spirit of pioneering and enterprising, he wrote a lofty and magnificent song of life, which made Ten Years Facing the Wall, Zhuo Wenjun, Dayu Harnessing Water and Breaking into the Capital of Kings become waves at the bottom of the pen, telling his own feelings about the new era, and making people realize that the author is pursuing a kind of quiet beauty and a supreme artistic realm.
achievement
In the 20th century, Jingdezhen ceramic art entered moderns. The genre is abrupt and the style is contending. From light crimson to pastel, from freehand blue and white to comprehensive decoration, from folk blue and white to modern ceramic art, the theme of the times of porcelain capital has been written from generation to generation. If "Eight Friends of Zhushan" played a new movement of porcelain literati painting, then Wang Dafan, who has been an artist for 60 years, is one of the strongest voices in this movement. His works won the gold medal in Panama Expo 19 15, which made Jingdezhen ceramics on the world art stage. His research and invention of "floor-to-floor pastel" ceramic techniques brought innovation to ceramic pigments, making the application of Chinese painting styles and techniques in ceramics effortless; He devoted himself to the development of "ceramic literati painting" art, deepened the performance space of ceramic art, and set another milestone for Jingdezhen ceramic decoration art; Several generations of artists he trained are engaged in the creation and research of ceramic art, which is really a melon-like flower that shines in the art world. His son, Wang Xiao, is a famous ceramic artist and the core figure of the preparatory group of the Ceramic Research Institute of the Ministry of Light Industry. Its queen Xiaolan was a female portrait painter and arts and crafts artist in 1950s. His nephew Wang Xiliang was the first batch of China arts and crafts masters awarded by the State Council after the reform and opening up. Li Jin's close disciple was 1996 awarded by the State Council as a master of arts and crafts in China. His grandson, Wang Huaijun, was a member of the 9th and 12th CPPCC National Committee, and 1985 was a master of arts and crafts in Jiangxi Province. Wang Dafan's third and fourth generation family members are even more brilliant.
Wang Dafan created the technique of "landing pastel" on the basis of light drop color, which conformed to the color setting reform of light drop color and brought the light drop color method back to life. During his 60-year painting career, Wang Dafan wrote while working, with rigorous conception and fluent and elegant pen. His representative work is Lohan in a Bag, which is lifelike in shape, solemn and kind in expression, dynamic and elegant, and follows Wu with a pen like the wind. Vividly and brilliantly describe a carefree monk who put down his burden.
Wang Dafan is an outstanding representative who applies Chinese painting, poetry, calligraphy, painting and printing to ceramic decoration. His nearly 1,000 works of art handed down from generation to generation fully embody the artistic style of painting with poetry, painting with poetry and combining poetry with painting. If his early works tell people a touching story with a brush, then his middle-aged works convey a kind of Zen, while his later works express a kind of spiritual realm. Lin Fengmian, Pan Tianshou, Zhou Changgu, Wu Shanming and other great painters in China called Wang Dafan a "master of ceramic literati painting" with high artistic accomplishment. If Jingdezhen was not closed at that time and lacked publicity, "Mr. Da Fan's artistic attainments in figure painting can be comparable to those of everyone at sea." After reading Wang Dafan's original work, Wu Shanming said: "Wang Dafan's figure painting is not inferior to Xu, Zhang Daqian and Fu Baoshi." However, he is always the perfect combination of painting and personality. His motto hanging in the studio, "The painting industry is willing to be indifferent, and the pottery industry takes diligence as the first priority", is a portrayal of his life creed of quietness, distance, indifference, endless struggle. Before Wang Dafan's death, China People's Political Consultative Conference, China Artists Association and other departments invited People's China, People's Pictorial and People's Daily to interview this ceramic artist who made outstanding contributions to China's ceramic art. People's China and People's Daily also wrote articles about Mr. Wang Dafan's artistic career and achievements as a researcher at the Ceramic Research Institute of the Ministry of Light Industry, a member of China Artists Association and a director of Jiangxi Artists Association, and spoke highly of his historical contributions.
Porcelain painting identification
In Wang Dafan's early years, most of the figure paintings were rich and longevity tests, arhats on tigers, Eight Immortals and so on. In her later years, Mulan joined the army, heard chickens dancing, and her mother-in-law tattooed, paying attention to the times of her works. Most of the imitations are his figure paintings in the 1930s and 40s, and there are also a few works in the 1950s and 1960s. Judging from the characteristics of Wang's figure painting, there are mainly the following characteristics:
First, the lines of the pen are thick, similar to the traditional line drawing methods, such as the four wonders of the ancient tour and the line drawing. Most of them are center pens, simple, thick and round, with unique composition and strong decoration. This is the biggest difference between Wang Dafan and Wang Qi's figure painting with strokes. However, it is difficult for imitators to learn bones by hooking lines, and they lack mellow and powerful charm. Some are used at the center and side, which is meaningless.
Second, the facial depiction of the characters is exquisite, focusing on the change of light and shade. Western painting has sketch relationship and light and shadow change, and its daubing technique is unique and stereoscopic. Wang's paintings of ladies are crowned with "Phoenix Eye" and "Sakura Mouth", which have distinctive features and formed a habitual program.
Third, the background of figure painting depicts lush trees, bamboo and stone huts and wild flowers Shan Ye, dyed green, grass green, turquoise and dark green, with meticulous brushwork. Judging from the color design of Wang's works, firstly, works with gorgeous pictures, bright hair, big scenes and many characters always use bright and dazzling colors (such as carmine and red) according to the needs of the theme, and minor characters are generally set off with ochre, yellow and blue; Second, the color fill is thicker. On the basis of double hook sketch, figure painting uses thick, deep and gorgeous colors for multi-level rendering, paying attention to light and dark levels and changes in temperature and warmth, and has the artistic effect of traditional meticulous painting. The imitation is dyed flat, thick, with little change in yin and yang levels, stiff tone transition and little moist feeling.
In addition, Wang Dafan has also developed the method of "floor-to-floor pastel", which does not need glass white to fill the background color, but directly fills the porcelain tire with pigment, and then covers it with snow white, water green and other materials, which simplifies the process and is more picturesque.
Inscription printing
Wang Dafan's calligraphy is characterized by running script, elegance, beauty, simplicity, delicacy and elegance. Most of the inscriptions are after poems.
Common inscriptions include: Xiping Cottage Painting Yishan King, Yangtze River Xiping Cottage Writing Yishan Woodcutter, Yangtze River Yishan King, Yishan Painting, Yangtze River Xiping Vulgar, and Wang Painting.
Common seals are "Da Zhuan", "Wang _" and "Zuo". The bottom signature is "Xiping Cao Lu".