2. "n? ng" is a standard first-class word (common word) in modern Chinese. The pronunciation of Putonghua is níng, níng and zhá, which was first seen in Oracle Bone Inscriptions in Shang Dynasty and belonged to pictophonetic characters in Liu Shu. The basic meaning of "Ning" is peace and stability, such as tranquility; Extended meaning refers to married women or children who leave home to go home to see their parents, such as favoring relatives.