Where are the leisure chapters and sentences in calligraphy works generally covered?

Leisure chapter is mainly used to fill the blank and play a decorative role. Generally, it is stamped at the beginning or lower right corner of the work, which is called first print and corner print respectively. Occasionally cover the space between upper and lower words or lines.

Leisure stamps evolved from seals engraved with auspicious characters in Qin and Han Dynasties, and became popular after Song and Yuan Dynasties. It is called "leisure chapter", but it is not "leisure". In modern times, leisure chapter has developed into an indispensable part of China's painting and calligraphy art, and its content is very extensive and interesting. Painters either make up their own words or extract aphorisms from leisurely chapters to show their understanding of life and art.

Extended data

When you appreciate and collect China's paintings and calligraphy, you will always see that besides the seal of the author's name, there are also "spare chapters" to express famous sayings and aphorisms. Although these leisure chapters are small, they are organically combined with books, paintings and poems, and are an important part of works of art. From those interesting leisure chapters, we can often get a glimpse of the life situation and ambitions of celebrities and appreciate the author's artistic career and ideological sentiment, which is full of interest.

Leisure stamps originated from ancient auspicious seals, such as "ten million a day" According to records, Zhao Meng was the first literati painter who made his own seal in Yuan Dynasty. Wang Mian, a painter at the end of Yuan Dynasty, accidentally got a colorful opal, so he carved a seal of "Huiji's landscape" and stuck it on the painting. From then on, the literati studied Zhu Nong's Poems, which was respected throughout the ages. ?

Old man Qi Baishi worked as a carpenter in his early years. When he became famous, he often used the seal of "Lu Ban Men" to show that he never forgot his poor life in the past. He has a spare stamp "I want to be Jiuyuan's running dog".

Excerpted from his self-titled poem "Ivy is far from embryo, and there is no talent in his later years; I want Jiuyuan to be a running dog, and three people will take turns. "Brother Xue and Lao You are nicknames of famous painters Zhu Da and Wu Changshuo, respectively." Three people come to the wheel "embodies his studious spirit of learning from others.

He has been painting almost every day since he was seven or eight years old. His poems, such as Knowing Heaven and Appreciating Diligence, A Generation of Ghosts and Gods Returning to Flowers and Plants, and Being Old and Strong, Rejecting Being Immortal, show his joys and sorrows in dedicating himself to art; But his "ink play", "no painting", "outsider" and "exaggerated name" also reflect the painter's modesty. ?

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