First, pay attention to tools.
The main tools for writing are pen, ink, paper and inkstone, also known as Four Treasures of the Study.
(1) According to the hardness of hair, brushes can be roughly divided into three types: rigid fine brush, soft brush and double-sided brush. Just fine brush is more vigorous, and the words written are more vigorous, such as wolf brush; Soft brush is soft, and the words written are rich, such as sheep hair brush; Doubled both brush's pen, on the other hand, is a mixture of rigid hair and soft hair, such as seven sons and three yang, which combines rigidity and softness. Pay attention to four points when choosing a pen: the nib should be "sharp"; Be "neat" when pressing open; The pen belly should be full and "round"; Bristles are "healthy" and elastic. Use cold water when sending pens, and let everything go with the flow. Please clean the pen after use.
(2) The ink is fine and the gum is light, so it is best to use light smoke. The ink is black, shiny and slightly fragrant. Clean water should be used when grinding ink, and the main point of action is to "press hard and move lightly" in order to make the ink color moderate. The ink will lose its luster after being used overnight. As for the ink sold by modern merchants, try using a piece of paper when buying it. If it is used,
(3) There are many kinds of paper, which can be roughly divided into two categories: strong ink absorption and weak ink absorption. Xuan paper, cotton paper and wool paper have moderate ink absorption and are suitable for writing; As for smooth paper, it is not easy to absorb ink, which is difficult for beginners to control and will hurt the pen. Should be avoided. The paper is afraid of wrinkling, and the ink is not complete. I'm also afraid of the tide, and my handwriting will be scattered. Wrap it in a layer of paper and put it in a dry place.
(4) The inkstone is top grade, fine and moist in texture, and can be used for making ink. Wash the inkstone immediately after use, so as not to accumulate Su Mo and damage the nib.
In addition, some other writing instruments, such as paper paperweights, should be prepared to press paper to avoid wind and slip affecting writing; Pad cloth, use wool fabric to absorb ink under the paper to avoid smoothness, so as not to stick ink and dirty the paper; Pen holder (also known as "pen mountain") is used to stop writing, so that pen and ink are not easily contaminated with other things; Pen curtain (also known as "pen bed"), wrapped with fine bamboo weaving brush, easy to carry, etc. It is essential for people who practice calligraphy with heart.
Second, pay attention to posture.
Writing posture, based on the principle of natural comfort, is generally based on sitting posture. In order to take care of the overall situation, you can also adopt a standing posture. Beginners should pay attention to sit up straight, relax muscles, keep their chest away from the edge of the table, naturally open their elbows outward, put their feet flat, keep their heads straight and lean forward slightly. Usually, they press the paper with one hand, hold the pen with the other hand, look straight at the end of the pen, and take care of the paper with the rest of their eyes.
When writing, we should pay attention to the principle of "pointing to the real and grasping the virtual". Holding a brush is different from holding a pen. The pen holder should be held straight, with the first thumb pressed down and the index finger pressed inward to support the pen body. Then hook the middle finger inward, and the upper part of the ring finger nail abuts against the pen tube to reconcile the strength; Finally, the little finger clings to the ring finger, and the strength can be balanced. From each according to his ability, this is the real "finger"; When lifting the pen, your fingers are bent and your palms are empty, so you can move the pen flexibly.
When writing, we should also pay attention to the wrist method, which can be divided into three types: pillow wrist, lifting wrist and hanging wrist. Wrist hanging, elbow still sticking to the desktop for wrist lifting, suitable for Chinese character writing; As for Chinese characters or cursive scripts with a square character width of more than 12 cm, the wrist hanging method should be used, and the wrist and elbow should be suspended so as to write freely.
Third, pay attention to writing.
"Cloud pen" is the basic writing method of stippling, and there are many methods. We often use the "permanent eight-character method". According to their stroke order, the explanation is as follows:
Method is the starting point. Paddling like a bird flying sideways, divided into three folds, the most taboo.
Round and flat, without edges and corners. Do you want to move the pen aside? Pen tip, pointing down to the right, making a swinging gesture; Wait until the ink enters the paper, and then slowly put away the nib.
Lofa: that is, horizontal painting. The strokes should be at both ends of the middle height. Start the pen with the hidden front end to the left and enter the pen, then rotate it to the right, cross the midpoint and press the pen to the end of the stroke. When writing, the ink mark is secretly condensed with the center of the pen, so that the front of the pen is pressed against the paper, and the pen holder leans slightly to the left.
Nufa: This is a vertical painting. When writing, you walk up against the front, then turn around and walk down, slowly and firmly, and finally stop to make a gesture of picking a pen.
The stroke method is to pick a pen. Stroke, like jumping, means that the pen looks like jumping. So, you have to squat down first and get motivated. Don't act rashly. You should keep your pen tidy, like silver? Generally wonderful.
Strategy: short whip to the right. The so-called strategy is to whip a horse, because when writing, the pen tip is lifted upwards, so you don't need to use too much force, just like pushing a horse in the dark.
Sweep method: it is curling to the left, also called distribution. Like combing your hair with a comb, you should quickly leave the front, skim it to the left, send it to the end of the pen, and put it away with a refill; Don't be thin, don't sweep like a brush.
Pecking: it means short to the left. What is the so-called "peck"? As soon as the paper stops in front, it will come out, like a bird pecking at something. Lift it quickly.
Method: From right to bottom, it means "Si". Now it's called "Si". When writing the next stroke, stop at the right, write with the pen tip raised, make a virtual tail, and leave a pen meaning.
In fact, there are not only these eight brushstrokes, but also some changes. All of the above are often used, and mastering the basic stippling can get twice the result with half the effort.
Fourth, pay attention to the structure.
"Structure" refers to the arrangement and combination of two or more stipplings. Each word has a different stippling and shape collocation. When writing, we should take care of the relationship between the size of stroke lines, and the blank space outside the ink color must be evenly balanced. For the words synthesized by the left and right parts, stippling should echo each other, and the font formed by the combination is natural. For the upper and lower parts of the word, we should first look at the size of its shape and arrange it reasonably. In order to avoid the flattening of the font, the stroke size and style should be slightly changed to be vivid, but no matter how the shape of the word changes, the only constant is that the center of gravity of the word should be balanced and stable.
In short, the structure of Chinese characters should be symmetrical, the strokes should be coordinated and the center of gravity should be stable. Only by studying regularly, carefully observing the strengths of others and constantly correcting them, after diligent practice, the fonts will naturally be correct and neat.
Fifth, we should pay attention to copying.
When practicing calligraphy, you must carefully choose the inscription and copy more.
"Pro" is to set up a template next to it, measure the size and situation of words with your eyes, and learn to write; Imitation is covered with tissue paper and described with twists and turns; The two are not the same. The ancients thought: "Writing a book has its meaning, copying a book has its frame."
In ancient times, in order to learn books conveniently, the basic strokes and characters were first printed as red copies for school children to copy, which was called "tracing red" and was commonly used by beginners. As for copy paper, there are so-called "Jiugongge", "Tian Zige" and "Mi Zige", which can be used as a reference for beginners when arranging structures.
"Copying" should be based on famous calligraphy, such as Ou Yangxun, Yu Shinan, Yan Zhenqing, Liu Gongquan and others, which have their own calligraphy characteristics, and can be copied according to learners' pen habits.
Generally speaking, learning Chinese characters should start with regular script, and then practice Chinese characters. Cursive script is very practical and flexible to write, which is convenient for modern life to pay attention to the brushwork meaning connected between upper and lower words. The calligraphy posts of the famous calligrapher Wang Xizhi have smooth lines and are worth copying.
In short, we should practice calligraphy step by step, see more, understand more, practice more, be flexible and changeable, and become more proficient with more practice, so as to reshape ourselves and create our own style!