Mengfu was founded in an unknown era. According to the "Montessori Ancestral Monument" preserved in the temple of Meng, it is recorded that:
Jing You stayed in Yanzhou for four years, visited the tomb of Yangya, the Four Seasons Mountain, and won his 45th generation grandson, who recommended him to the DPRK, awarded Di Gong Lang, the chief Zou Junshu, and worshipped the ancestral hall. In Di Gong's old and new houses, the bad wall is a family tree.
It shows that as early as the Northern Song Dynasty, the Mongolian government was built, but the address was unknown. According to the existing old juniper trees in front of the lobby of Mengfu and the architectural layout adjacent to Mengfu Temple, it is verified that Mengfu was built on the west side of Mengfu Temple in112/kloc-0 when it moved its capital to the south for the third time in.
Before the Ming Dynasty, the eldest son of Mencius' descendants had been attacking Zou County's main book and began to inherit the "Doctor of Five Classics in the Hanlin Academy" without interruption. In the Republic of China, it was renamed "official worship".
Both "Doctor of Five Classics" and "Official Worship" are vacant posts. Although it is eight products and has no actual power, it has attracted attention from generation to generation and lasted for more than 800 years, forming a rare aristocratic family. Its main crimes are: caring and maintaining the forest temple, offering sacrifices to ancestors and promoting Confucian culture.
After the completion of Mengfu, it was rebuilt and expanded many times in Jin, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, forming a later scale. There are ancient trees, stone tablets and red walls in the temple, with a total area of 65.3 mu.
The plane of Mengfu is rectangular, with a length of 226 meters from north to south and a width of 99 meters from east to west. There are 7 courtyards in front and back, with 148 buildings, halls, pavilions and rooms. It is a large-scale and well-preserved typical ancient building complex, and it is one of the feudal landlords' manors in China.
The gate of Mengfu is a three-story hard mountain building, which is also called "yamen" by local people. There is a plaque hanging in the middle of the lintel, which reads "Yashengfu" in three big gold letters, and the painted door god about two meters high is painted on the black painted door.
In front of the gate, there used to be a four-poster and three-door wooden workshop on the east and west sides, named "Zhong Jing Workshop" and "Jingbiao Jiexiao Workshop". There is a vertical plaque with the word "imperial edict" hanging between the foreheads of the two workshops, which was built by Emperor Zhu Youxiao of Mingxi in recognition of Meng Chengguang, the 60th generation of Dr. Sun Wujing of Mencius, his mother Kong Shi and his eldest son Meng Honglve's loyalty to the court.
Just to the south of the gate, there is a tall screen wall, a pair of carved stone lions stand on the left and right sides of the gate, and a pair of square stone platforms for horse riding and riding are on both sides of the gate steps. There is a row of brick houses on the east and west sides of the gate, which is where the officers and guards lived.
Through the gate into the first entrance of the courtyard, due north is the second door, also known as the "courtesy door". Its architectural format is basically the same as that of the main gate, but the doorway has three openings, and the words "Li Men Louis" are written on the middle lintel.
There are two swordsmen wearing helmets and armour painted in the middle of six black painted gates, and four gates on both sides are painted with the image of civil servants holding water, showing the majestic momentum of the Mengfu Sect.
There is a gatehouse with cornices and colorful arches in the second door, which is called "Yimen". Both sides of the instrument door are not connected with the wall, which is similar to the hall door. It is a wooden structure with only two left and right columns. There is a stone drum under it, and a painted roof is supported on it. The front suffix is four inverted wood carving flower buds, so it is also called "hanging flower gate".
The instrument gate is usually closed, and it will be slowly opened after the salute of 13 only when the emperor is auspicious, reads the imperial edict, holds a festive ceremony or a major sacrificial ceremony. In ancient China, this kind of instrument door was only qualified to be built by the "monarch" who listed soil and sealed Hou, so it was also called "plug door".
In the courtyard behind Yimen, there is a square terrace higher than the courtyard. On both sides, there are carved dragon stone fences, blue brick flower walls, and two towering centuries-old cypresses cover the sky.
There is a sundial in the southeast corner of Danyong and a body scroll in the southwest corner, completely imitating the format of the palace. Then there is the main hall of Wu Jufu, which is the main building "lobby" of Meng Fu. The lobby of Mengfu is the place where Dr. Wu Jingzi, a descendant of Mencius, read letters, received officials, applied for family rules and regulations, and handled official business.
The lobby is tall and spacious. Under the eaves in front of the hall, the Seven Wonders inscribed by Yong Zhengdi in the Qing Dynasty and given to the sixty-fifth generation of Mencius' Sun Meng Yantai hung in the middle, with golden characters on the dragon's edge, shining brightly. On the colonnade under the eaves on both sides of the door, there are gold-lettered couplets of official script:
Carry forward the past and forge ahead into the future;
The benevolent originated from righteousness, and generations of martyrs were honored.
In the middle of the lobby, there is a wooden pavilion above the ground with a case-solving. The case has Four Treasures of the Study, a stamp, and a seal. There is a couplet on each side:
Rituals, ceremonies and rules;
Ancient paintings of Renshan Mountain in Zhishui.
There is also a couplet written by Mencius' direct descendants in the 1970s:
Carry on the family line and keep three-action training;
Seven articles of benevolence and righteousness serving the country.
On both sides of NuanGe are displayed various deacons, such as silent, evasive, umbrella, fan, flag, tribute, hereditary titles such as Imperial Academy and Doctor of Five Classics, and instruments of torture such as black and red sticks and whips.
On the east and west sides in front of the lobby, it is the place where Mengfu manages the offices of sacrificial fields, common affairs, ritual students, music students, secretaries and deacons. The drum music building is set on the left and right sides in front of the lobby for playing music.
In an independent small courtyard on the east side of the lobby, there is a three-mountain building, which is the Montessori Ancestral Hall, called the "Five Dynasties Ancestral Hall". There are two couplets hanging in the temple:
Tracing back to Yi Xun's three years and two thousand-year-old philosopher;
Recommend the steaming smell in the fifth century, hundreds of millions of sacrifices to honor grandchildren.
Germany borrows seven pieces of extremely proud yuan rhyme to become a world ze;
The temple is divided into five generations, and the name of the temple is Jin Xiang.
The memorial tablet of Dr. Jason Wu from the Montessori Imperial Academy was placed in the temple and later moved to the "main temple" of the Montessori Temple.
On the west side of the lobby, there is a unique building called "Jianshan Hall", which was once the place where Montessori descendants received and entertained guests. Outside the Moon Gate opposite the Jianshan Temple, there stands a beautiful Taihu stone engraved with calligraphy poems by Ruan Yuan, an epitaph of the Qing Dynasty, and Kong Jiyun, a calligrapher of Yuhonglou, a descendant of Confucius.
Behind the lobby is the inner residence of Mengfu. On the eaves of the inner house door, various patterns such as "yue longmen of Carp", "Sending a Son by Kirin" and "Living with a Crane and Deer" are hollowed out, and the craft is quite exquisite.
Ordinary people in the inner room are not allowed to enter without authorization. In order to strengthen the prevention, there is a secluded path in front of the door, and there is a corner door on the left and right, called Gengdao, which is the passage for the watchman to patrol the inner room.
The first courtyard of the Inner Temple is the Upper Courtyard, also known as the "Hall of Mercy", where Dr. Hanlin, a descendant of Mencius, lives. Mercy Hall is a typical quadrangle building in China. In the north of the courtyard is the main hall with carved beams and painted buildings, with colorful paintings, three bright and five dark, and cloisters in front and back, that is, Shien Hall.
Just above the Ming Dynasty, there is a huge plaque of "Shi En Tang" in regular script, which is said to have been written by Tie Bao, a famous calligrapher in Qing Dynasty. Antique calligraphy and painting, bed cabinets and so on are displayed in the hall. On the main wall is a couplet of Mencius' direct descendants and the seventy-third generation Sun Mengqingtang:
Jin Shize is not good;
Vibrator or reading.
Twice, the door was carved by carving dragons, and twice it was a hard mountain, and the doors were connected. The hall is furnished with ancient wood furniture, cupboards, cabinets, square tables, plush chairs, carved hammocks, and calligraphy and painting by famous artists such as Pan Tao and Wang Jingxi are hung on the wall. There are jade articles, antiques and so on. Displayed in a box.
There is an ancient and tall camellia in the southeast of the courtyard, with the common name of Shilixiang. At the turn of spring and summer, the trees are white and the blooming flowers give off bursts of fragrance. In addition, there are crystal sugar pomegranate, walnut, Chinese rose, bauhinia and other flowers and trees in the courtyard, which makes the courtyard particularly elegant.
Behind the Ci 'en Temple is the library, where Mo Bao, imperial edicts, letters patent, ancient books and family files are stored. The gift book building is a two-story building with three rooms on each floor. This is a typical hard mountain building in Ming Dynasty.
There are three pairs of smaller windows upstairs, facing front and back respectively. Wooden stairs are located in the west wall, and the handrails are simple and generous. In order to prevent fire, the wooden floor is covered with a layer of square bricks. Upstairs, in the middle, hangs the horizontal plaque of Ci Shu Lou, a seal script written by Wu Qikuan in the Qing Dynasty.
Lv Yuanlou, located in the Sixth Hospital of Mengfu, is a two-story building with five rooms on each floor. It used to go out of the building. The building behind Zishulou and the small quadrangle are the residences of the first five generations of relatives of Yasheng, a descendant of Meng. In the middle of the building, the north and south are facing the gate of Mengfu, which is the central axis of the seventh courtyard of Mengfu.
Pre-school and post-school degrees are located on the west side of Luyuan Building, which are two groups of ancient quadrangle buildings. During the light years of the Qing Dynasty, Meng Guangjun, a doctor of the Five Classics of Mencius' seventieth generation grandson hereditary Hanlin Academy, once ran a school with "pre-learning" and "post-learning" to recruit children of Mencius' descendants to study, which was called "Sanyun Academy". After the "two studies" were gradually abolished, Mengfu eventually became Mengfu Garden.
Up to now, the Mongolian government has preserved a large number of precious cultural relics, such as imperial robes, robes, imperial edicts, letters, family files, printed books, ancient books, calligraphy and painting, etc., which are precious materials for studying the politics, economy and local history of feudal society.
Menglin is the graveyard of Mencius and his descendants. There is a Shinto in front of Menglin and a single-hole stone bridge in the road. There is a stone tablet beside the bridge, which reads "Yashenglin" inscribed by calligrapher Ouyang Zhongshi.
The stone stack tunnel crossing the bridge leads directly to the gate of the enjoyment hall, which is the main building of Menglin. There are eight stone tablets in the hall, which record the creation and expansion of Menglin. After enjoying the hall, there is the tomb of Mencius. In front of the tomb, there is a monument to the "Yasheng Mencius Tomb" in the Qing Dynasty. There is a stone confession case and a stone incense burner in front of the monument.
There are three ancient tombs in the northwest of Mencius' tomb, which are said to be the tombs of Shu Sun and Lu Shu. There are tens of thousands of trees in Menglin, such as cypress, juniper, oak, poplar, elm, catalpa bungeana, pagoda tree, maple tree and regular script tree. Most of them were planted in Song, Jin, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, which are extremely precious.