Fu Shan has made some contributions to the theory of calligraphy art, and his theory of "Four Ning and Four No's" is extremely incisive, which has universal significance and far-reaching influence on the whole art category.
"Ning Zhuo is not clever, rather ugly than flattering, rather piecemeal and not fluent, rather true and not arranged", which is enough to influence the calligraphy field in China.
Writing a book would rather pursue Gu Zhuo than fancy, but should pursue a clumsy and subtle artistic realm.
It is better to write ugly or even scribble than to please others and seek inner beauty.
It is better to pursue loose and uneven trees and collapse old trees than to be frivolous and slippery, and to be natural and sparse is far better than frivolous character.
I'd rather believe in a straight book without any worries, and I don't want to paint my eyebrows and temples, embellish them, and have the suspicion of posing.
Fu Shan claimed to be a painter and inherited and developed Taoist heresy, which is of great significance to warn the times and save the current situation. Hong Zhong is an enlightener, very different from his contemporaries. In his poems, there is no intention to speak for saints and make suggestions for rulers. He jokingly called himself "Hua Guan Weng". Now that the rule of the Qing dynasty has been consolidated, the world is getting worse and worse. I hope it will get worse soon and then suddenly change. He made a thorough study of the philosophers of the Warring States period, and thought that ancient academic culture could inspire the descendants of the Yellow Emperor to work hard. He is willing to be the stone of other mountains and can attack jade. He expects the real awakening of the nation and the complete eradication of tyranny.
Jin Shengtan is the same age as Fu Shan. King likes to attack the emperor by innuendo, but he also has illusions about the emperor. Fu Shan, on the other hand, has no illusions. He wrote: "Li Bai is as crazy about emperors as ordinary people, and as crazy about being an official as a scholar." . He explained "Don't serve the princes, be noble" in the Book of Changes, "The princes are truly noble sages, and nothing is noble". The rest of the so-called princes, non-princes, do nothing and have equal ears. What is noble? "
Commenting on Ouyang Xiu's History of the New Five Dynasties, Fu Shan said: "Wang is rude and rude. He only died unsatisfied, aiming at the day of death and never considering who the deceased was." How sharp Fu Shan's comments are! What kind of emperor is worth dying for? No matter what kind of emperor, it is undoubtedly a shocking reprimand and sharp irony for slaves and obedient people who obey the emperor at first sight.
Fu Shan made great efforts to study the Eastern Zhou Dynasty in his later years and achieved fruitful academic results. There is a special chapter of Fu Shan in the fifth volume of A General History of China's Ideological History, which is highly praised by historians. He made an in-depth study of the calligraphy of Wang Xizhi and Wang Xianzhi, and re-evaluated the calligraphy of Zhao Mengfu. Look at his poem "Holding Candles": "Holding candles and sighing, strange men want to break their hearts. Zhao is really different, and he is also very humble. The drunkard's intention is not to drink, but the old madman is even crazier. You can't send an article when you have a stroke. " The word "Yalun" comes from "Heaven in Zhuangzi": "Walking at the age of 70 is an old Yalun". This poem was undoubtedly written by Fu Shan after he was seventy years old. "Zhao Si" refers to Zhao Mengfu, "Guanbei" refers to Guan Zhongji, Zhao Mengfu's wife, and "Strange Man" refers to Zhao and his wife.
Fu Shan studied from Zhao when he was young, but later denounced Zhao for political and ideological reasons, and repeatedly warned his descendants never to learn from Zhao. At this point, after studying Wang Shu deeply, he regarded Zhao Mengfu as a peculiar genius. Mr. Fu Shan's Mo Bao, a piece of paper, is even more precious than the arched wall. His unique book style has been handed down from generation to generation and is still popular today. Among the French books handed down from ancient times in Fu Shan, "Miscellaneous Books" is a noteworthy variety. The so-called "miscellaneous books" have two meanings. First of all, the content is diverse: writing poems, recording anecdotes, extracting old books and commenting on people often have both, one east and one west, and there is no unified theme and style in the book.
Secondly, the font is not uniform, or small letters, or cursive script, seal script, official script, a variety of patterns. And because it is a book when it comes, it is over when it comes. Not in one go, so in one go, style and taste are not single.
Why did Fu Shan write so many miscellaneous books? According to his life experience and personality, it should be out of the need of leisure and self-entertainment, or as a special cultivation method to adjust his mentality, sharpen his sentiment and learn calligraphy. Because there is no specific utilitarian purpose, the creative mentality of Miscellaneous Books is very relaxed and free, and the author's viewpoint tendency, personality emotion and writing skills can be truly and perfectly displayed.
As we all know, Fu Shan is a master of jumping out of Vanity Fair. He is "afraid of people like tigers" and hates worldly rewards. However, under fame, it is impossible to completely put an end to the reward of pen and ink, so son Fu Mei, nephew Fu Ren and others often write for ci, especially in the second half of their lives.