Located in Pingjiang Village, Pingshui Town, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, Huiji Qinwangshan Buddhist Cultural Tourist Area is also an important part of the road of Tang poetry in eastern Zhejiang. Specifically, it includes the following major scenic spots-Yunmen Ancient Temple, China Sanlun Zongzuting Jiaxiang Temple, Buddhist Holy Land-Tianyi Temple (Huokeji), Chongfu Temple (Chongfu Temple), beautiful Ruoye Xishi, Huiji Lake Scenic Area, Wang Qinshan boarded by Qin Shihuang, Huiji Stone Carving (Lisibei), Yunmen Mountain, Yunmen Mingjue Temple and Yunmen Fusaiji. Wang Xianzhi's Former Residence, Debate Pavilion, Debate Tower, Caotang, West Wild Goose Lake, Pen Washing Pool, Pavilion, Monk Zhiyong (iron sill, pencil retreating from the tomb), the running script of Wang Siren, Fan Yunlin, the famous calligraphers Dong Qichang, Chen Jiru and Dong, and the pen storehouse. Wu Yunxi, White Ruting Pavilion, Wuyunshan Pavilion, Fireman Pagoda, Xifeng Pavilion Tomb, Japanese Sugiyama Tomb, Snow Jiao Monk Pagoda, Yunmen Li Zhuo Stone Paifang, Yunmen Ancient Temple Stone Paifang and other cultural relics and architectural attractions. The following are brief introductions:
First, the holy land of calligraphy-Yunmen Ancient Temple
Yunmen temple is located in a narrow valley at the foot of Qinwang Mountain in Silitou Village, Pingshui Town, south of Shaoxing 16 km. This is a thousand-year-old temple with a long history, and it is also an ancient cultural resort integrating religion, culture and sightseeing.
Yunmen temple was founded in the third year of Jin Dynasty (407). According to historical records, Wang Xianzhi, a great calligrapher in Jin Dynasty, lived here in seclusion. One night, colorful auspicious clouds suddenly appeared on the roof of his house. Wang Xianzhi reported this matter to the emperor, and Emperor Jin 'an wrote a letter to transform it into a temple called yunmen temple, and the stone bridge in front of him was named Wuyun Bridge. The minutes of the meeting in the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty (Volume 16) wrote yunmen temple Ji, in which it was said that "the temple book made the former residence. In the third year of the Eastern Jin Dynasty (407), there were five-color moire patterns on it, and the story of Andi was called Yunmen in history. " Yunmen temple used to be very big. According to the records of local chronicles and the maps drawn, there are many stone archways such as "Yunmen Ancient Temple" and "Yunmenzai" in the ancient mouth of Yunmen Mountain, and there are famous "Identification Tower" and "Li Judgment Pavilion" beside the road. The identification tower was built by Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty, and the beautiful pavilion contains poems praising Yunmen by poets of all ages. Yunmen temple * * * Five Enters: Shanmen, Wei Tuo Hall, Daxiong Hall, Dharma Hall and Zen Hall. Besides the main temple, there are other sub-temples, such as Kanjing Academy, Shao Shi Normal University (Qiantang) and Guangfu Garden. Later, these sub-temples also became temples independently, which were called Xiansheng Temple, Yongxi Temple and Shousheng Temple. In fact, there are many temples nearby, and "Cloud Gate" is just a general term. According to Lu You's yunmen temple Shoushengyuan, "yunmen temple has been famous all over the world since the Jin and Tang Dynasties. The old man said that in the past, he was prosperous and saw only mountains and rivers, repeated Tata, rocks passing through the valley, and golden flowers flying ... tourists were exhausted and often lost. " The Ming Wanli Hui Ji Zhi has been published for sixteen years: "There are six temples in Yunmen today: Xiaoguang, where eunuchs live; Go to the temple to talk about recovery; Look at the scholastics and show the saints; Bored and excited, the courtyard is early and happy; West is called Puji; In the south, Mingjue has its own attractions. " It serves to show the grand occasion at that time.
"Ten peaks ancient tour, the road into the cloud gate is as steep as a ladder. Delicate and gradually divided into the mausoleum of the Qin Dynasty, the cold sound is still in the west. " Yunmen temple, as a temple jungle with beautiful nymphs and quiet environment, has especially become the object of landscape appreciation by literati in past dynasties. Wang Bo, Song, Qian Qi, Du Fu, Bai Juyi, Yuan Zhen, Cui Hao, Sun Bin, Li Bao, Fan Zhongyan, Lu You, Li, Jin Juan, Liu Ji and Wang Siren all left immortal poems here. Yunmen temple is also the most famous calligraphy resort in Shaoxing except Lanting, and many anecdotes of famous people in the history of China calligraphy are related to it. Yunmen temple's predecessor was Wang Xianzhi's former residence. According to legend, Wang Xianzhi practiced calligraphy in seclusion. The Lanting Tie by Wang Xizhi, the best running script in the world, has also been preserved in yunmen temple for a long time. Sun Zhiyong, the seventh generation of Wang Xizhi, and his nephew Huixin once became monks here. Both uncles and nephews are calligraphers, and they are highly respected by Liang Wudi, so yunmen temple was once renamed as "Yongxin Temple". Zhiyong has two disciples, one is Zhiguo and the other is Cai Bian, both of whom are descendants of his calligraphy. Wisdom is better than blue. Emperor Yang Di once said to Zhi Yong: "Monks (meaning Zhi Yong) get the flesh of the right army and wisdom gets the bones of the right army." At that time, there were many people asking for books, and households were restricted to wear them. Behind Zhiyong, the original of Wang's heirloom "Lanting Tie" was collected, and the imperial history sent by Emperor Taizong was collected here in yunmen temple. On the third day of March in the second year of Tang Gaozong (675), Wang Bo, the leader of the four outstanding figures in the early Tang Dynasty, presided over a restoration activity in yunmen temple, imitating Wang Xizhi's Collection of Lanting Elegant, and also wrote a Preface to Restoration, in which the narrative part wrote: "In the spring and March of the following year, it was also restored in the mountain pavilion." The scenery is lingering, and I am fascinated by the suburbs. Pieces of fairy clouds are far away and near, born in the sparse forest. Weeds will grow, not just Taoxi. Birds fly around in the evening, and there is a warbler in the valley. Wang is full of green grass. In Fiona Fang, every family is green. "There are many buildings and facilities related to the above-mentioned personnel in yunmen temple, such as the mountain pavilion, the pen storehouse, the iron sill for wisdom and courage, the tomb for retired wisdom and courage, the identification tower and the Yunmen Caotang where Lu You studied when he was young. Unfortunately, with the collapse of the whole ancient temple, they have all become historical relics.
Yunmen temple has been depressed since the late Ming Dynasty, and now there is only one pool in Mo Chi, one bridge with five clouds, two wooden buildings in Qing Dynasty and several east rooms. The first entrance and the third entrance open the mountain gate, which are buildings in the early Qing Dynasty. Above the lintel, the words "Yunmen Ancient Temple" are written in big letters. It was also used as the Wei Tuo Hall in the Ming Dynasty, which is convenient for civilian use. The second and third rooms are the Hall of Heroes, which was built in the Qing Dynasty. There is a horizontal plaque of "Daxiong Hall" under the front eaves. The Ming-style five beams have a front porch, and the front and rear gold columns are round and the column base is drum-shaped. The structure between east and west is a barrel-type structure. Between the gallery walls at the northern end of the East Wing, there are tablets of yunmen temple Collection written by Wang Siren, Fan Yunlin, Dong Qichang Chen Jiru and Dong in the third year of Chongzhen in Ming Dynasty (1630). The monument is Taihu stone with a rectangular base. This monument is 148 cm high and 82 cm wide. The inscription describes the geographical location of yunmen temple and the process of yunmen temple's ascension. This is a confirmation of ancient yunmen temple. There is a clear spring behind the temple, which is said to be the "West Weir Lake" in Wang Xianzhi. The clear water in the pool is like the eyes of an old man in history, flashing mysterious spirits. Around the temple, there are also many abandoned houses, which are the remains of ancient temples.
Second, China Sanlun Zongzuting-Jiaxiang Temple
According to the book "Shaoxing Religion" edited by Zhu Guanpu and Zhu Yue, Jiaxiang Temple is located in the Guanyin sinus of Chashan at the foot of Wang Qin Mountain in Pingjiang Village, Pingshui Town, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province. Its east faces Ruoye Mountain, and Ruoye River flows north between the two mountains. According to Buddhist historical records, Jiaxiang Temple was built in the first year of Kangning in Eastern Jin Dynasty (373) to the third year of Taiyuan in Shanxi Province (378). General Wei Hui, the chief magistrate (literature and history), built Jiaxiang Temple to welcome Zhu to become a monk. At that time, monk Zhu went from Huqiu in Pingjiang (now Suzhou) to Ruoyuexi at the foot of Shandong Mountain, and met monk Bo (abbot of yunmen temple) in the forest, so he indulged himself in the dust to learn from the scriptures. Wang Hui yearned for the lofty morality of Taoism, especially created Jiaxiang Temple, and invited it as the first monk. According to "Buddhism in China", during his stay in Jiaxiang Temple, Zhu took six objects and left them in the temple, and made thousands of Buddha statues, which were made with a thin copper hammer. The carving art also made a breakthrough, so he was praised by all walks of life at that time. Zhu devoted himself to the study of Buddhism, extensively studied the knowledge at home and abroad, and pursued strict laws. Therefore, monks and nuns from all corners of the country, with their virtues in all directions, were attached to counseling, which was then called "Kyushu Tsuina". At this time, the Prajnaparamita of Buddhism was quite prosperous, with six schools and seven schools, and Zhu was the representative of the "illusory school".
Since Zhu, Jiaxiang Temple in Yuezhou has fallen one after another. Over the past 500 years, monks and masters have come forth in large numbers. The Buddhist market is booming and Buddhism is thriving. At the beginning of the Eastern Jin Dynasty (405-4 18), a monk named, from the east of Lushan Mountain, traveled among the five mountains and lived in Jiaxiang Temple. Dedication, self-denial, guidance, hard work, new classics are written and talked about. Involved for five years, died in the temple. During the Southern Song Dynasty (465-47 1), Tan Ji, an eminent monk in Chang 'an, was good at Fahua and Pitan, and traveled to study, so he stayed in Jiaxiang Temple. During the Southern Liang Dynasty (503-557), the famous Buddhist historian Hui Jue lived in Jiaxiang Temple for more than 30 years. Hui Jiao, a native of Shangyu, studied the laws of Confucian classics extensively, and published books in spring, summer, autumn and winter. He wrote Nirvana Yi Shu and so on. , and became a book "Biography of Monks", which became the representative work of China Buddhism in the Department of History.
Third, the holy land of Buddhism-Tianyige Temple
Tianyi Temple, formerly known as Hokkeji, is located at the northwest foot of Wang Qin, about 20 kilometers south of Shaoxing. Huokeji was founded by Tan Yi, a monk, in the 12th year of the Eastern Jin Dynasty (4 16). Tan Yi, a native of Yuhang, became a monk at the age of seven and shaved at the age of sixteen. Began to enter Lushan Mountain, and later worshipped Guan Zhongshi as a teacher. In the twelfth year, Yixi toured Huiji Mountain with the shaman exploring snow, and saw the King of Qin and the North of Shanxi, where five mountains are connected and ten peaks stand. The two Qingxi streams in the south and west are like two jade belts. Surrounded by mountains on all sides, it is one, full of weather, ghostly fantasy, empty forests and valleys, melodies of pine branches, and peaks competing for green valleys and smoke. With such a scenic spot, Tan Yi decided to tie the knot in Mao 'an, recite the Beijing Classic and live here for a long time.
Tan Yi practiced here for twelve years. It is said that Bodhisattva Samantabhadra turned into a beautiful woman to test Tan Yi. Tan Yi is unmoved by women's feelings. Bodhisattva samantabhadra views its sincere Buddhism, saying that it is the moon in the water and cannot be polluted. So, Pu Xian did it. It was raining cats and dogs, which shook the mountains. Soon after the rain stopped, auspicious clouds shone brightly on the earth, and Bodhisattva Samantabhadra appeared in the clouds, causing a sensation in the ruling and opposition parties. At that time, Meng Yi appeared in court in Huiji, demanding the construction of Huokeji. Later, with the full support of Meng Ai and Fuchun billionaire Chen Zai, Tan Yi built a temple called "Huokeji". Tan Yi studied Hokkekyo in the temple, eating vegetables and drinking water, and practiced carefully for more than 30 years.
In Nanliang, Zen master Huiju lived in seclusion at the Buddhist learning place. Liang Wudi (502-5 19) recruited Huiju as a Buddha, but Huiju refused to follow. Xiao Tong, the prince of Zhaoming at that time, saw that he was strong-hearted, and specially gave him a golden-wisped Mulan cassock. Liang Wudi Shi Ye Temple has Four Treasures of the Study: twelve Guanyin with sandalwood wings and rosewood; There are a pair of red silver algae bottles; There are a pair of red glass bowls; There is also a bronze statue of the towering Buddha, plus five treasures of the robes given by the prince, hidden in the temple, and then presented in the west preface of the main hall. (According to Song Jiatai's "Huiji", the five treasures are "now". ) )
Among the five treasures, the majestic Buddha statue was originally cast by Ashoka of the Western Regions. Ashoka's four daughters are ugly, and Ashoka wants her to be straight and beautiful. She cast 49 statues of her in gold and copper, wearing headdresses and lotus flowers, which spread all over the world and planted blessings for all beings in the world. This Buddha statue crossed the ocean and was introduced to China. Liang Wudi used it on Hockjee. Huo Keji changed his name to Tianyi Temple because the son of heaven gave treasure and the prince gave clothes. (different from later legends)
During Huichang period of Tang Dynasty (84 1-846), Tang Wuzong ascended the throne. At the instigation of Taoist Li Guizhen, he issued a "Shaman Killing Order", abolishing temples, burning scriptures and confiscating property. Many monks in temples died in martyrdom. The state confiscated tens of millions of hectares of temple land; More than 260,000 monks and nuns; Destroyed more than 4600 famous temples. The world said that "Huichang law is difficult." In this movement, Tianyi Temple was not spared, and the Buddha destroyed the temple and was defeated.
Six years later, Tang Wuzong died, and Xuanzong ascended the throne (847-859), reviving Buddhism, rebuilding temples and Tianyi Pavilion. During the reconstruction, Hokkeji was officially changed to Tianyi Temple. At the same time, ten peaks were expanded behind the Hall of the Great Hero, and the names of each hall were named after the ten peaks around the hall: 1. Fahua, 2. Clothes bowl, 3. Trish, 4. Chaoyang, 5. Cloud gate, 6. Rely on Qin, forbear. Goddess, 8. Whistling ape, 9. Yun Qi, ten years old. Yue Ling. In front of the Ten Peaks Hall, there is a Preface to the Huokeji Monument on Mount Qin of Datang written by Li Yong, the secretariat of the state (now Yongjia) in the 23rd year of Tang Kaiyuan (736). According to the monument, Tan Yi entered Zen wisdom in his early years, and he was particularly familiar with Buddhism. He traveled to Wang Qin with the shaman exploring snow, and camped in Lan Ruo, northwest Tan Yi, specializing in Fahua. This monument was turned into a piece of rubble in "Huichang Fanan" and was rebuilt. Many poets set foot in Tianyi Pavilion in the Tang Dynasty: Song, Huang, Liu Changqing, Yu, Bai Juyi, Yuan Zhen, Xue Ji, Luo Yin, Fang Gan, Sheng Jiao Ran, Qi and so on. They all have poems endowed with temples. Master Hai Hui in Song Dynasty has: Poems of Ten Peaks in Heaven, with Qian Yi as the order.
In the first year of Song Xuanhe (1119-125), the emperor issued a letter, the monk changed to a virtuous man (that is, a Taoist), and the temple changed to a Taoist temple. The bronze Buddha has a ten-day period to be imported into the government. Probably this order was unpopular, and ministers disagreed, causing a commotion. The emperor also ordered the restoration of the temple, and ordered the bronze Buddha not to lose power, so the Weiwei bronze Buddha in Tianyi Temple has been strictly enshrined in the temple.
Fourth, if it is also west.