Cai Jing's Contribution to the Northern Song Dynasty: What are the main achievements of Cai Jing?

Cai Jing (1047 February 14-1 126 August 1 1), a calligrapher, was one of the influential figures in the Northern Song Dynasty. A native of Chiling in Cixiao, a native of Xianyou County, a native of Xinghua Army in the Northern Song Dynasty (now Dongzhai Village, Fengting Town, Xianyou County, Putian City, Fujian Province), he was a scholar in Xining for three years, first as a local official, then as a Chinese scholar, and changed the system of Longtuge to know how to open a government. In the first year of Chongning (1 102), he was the right assistant minister (right phase) and later became an official. Cai Jing four prime ministers, * * * seventeen years, the first person in ancient and modern times. Cai Jingxing's Battle of Huashigang; Change the salt method and tea method, and cast ten big money. At the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, Imperial College Chen Dong wrote that Cai Jing was the "head of six thieves". After Song Qinzong ascended the throne, Cai Jing was banished to Lingnan and died in Tanzhou (now Changsha, Hunan) on the way. "A Brief Introduction to the East" 1 1 and "History of the Song Dynasty" (volume 472) have been handed down to this day.

What are the main achievements of Cai Jing?

politics

During the reign of Cai Jing, the implementation of social assistance system was very strong, which was rare in ancient history. Its system of Anjiyuan, Anjifang and Louzeyuan was undoubtedly the peak of the relief system in the Northern Song Dynasty, which was unprecedented in the history of China, even above the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. It was Cai Jing that made social relief activities large-scale and institutionalized.

essay

Cai Jing's prose is also quite good. He wrote a collection of essays, namely, Banquet at Baohe Hall, Banquet at Taiqing Building and Banquet at Yanfu Palace, all of which were collected by Wang Mingqing in the Southern Song Dynasty in Volume 1, which contained: Cai Wei, the grandson of Cai Jing, said,' When his father and father were in their heyday, they existed. This is 12%. After the national disaster, it was scattered all over the world, and I don't know how many. His Banquet Song in Baohe Hall and Banquet Song in Taiqing Building are also included in the eighth volume of Three Kinds of cymbals. The above three articles have been published in 1988 and 200 1.

At the same time, there are 20 volumes of Xuan He Shu Pu: Chronology, without the author's surname, which records the famous calligraphy posts in Song Huizong Palace, including the first volume of the Emperor's Book, the second volume of seal script, the second volume of official script, the second volume of running script, the second volume of cursive script and the last volume of writing with patents. There are nearly 200 calligraphers, from Han and Wei Dynasties to Zhao and Song Dynasties. The Summary of Siku Quanshu says: The Book of Song People. Finally, Cai Jing, Cai Bian, Mi Fei, almost three people set, owe a favor! According to Fujian Yiwenzhi (Volume 38) and Shibu Shifang Spectrum, there are 20 volumes of Xuanhe Painting Spectrum, which are waiting for Cai Jing. The Bibliography of Qin Tie and Bronze Sword Building says: The name of the writer is not necessary, but it should cover the people appointed by Mi Xiangyang and Cai Jing at that time.

calligraphy

There were four great calligraphers in the Northern Song Dynasty: Su, Huang, Mi and Cai. A few people think that Cai Yuan refers to Cai Jing, and later generations changed it to Cai Xiang because of his immoral character. Cai studied Cai Xiang's calligraphy with his younger brother in his early years. Xu Hao's calligraphy was loved by the gods when Sergeant Admiralty awarded the Qiantang County Commandant. At that time, scholars learned it one after another. Cai Jing also studied Xu Hao's calligraphy with Su Shi who was exiled to Qiantang. Later, he studied Shen Chuanshi and Ou Yangxun, and then changed two kings to learn from each other and become a whole. His calligraphy style is charming, his words are vigorous, he is happy and calm, and he has a unique style, which is highly respected in China.

Cai Jing's calligraphy art is charming, vigorous, cheerful and calm, which can reflect the aesthetic taste of calligraphy in Song Dynasty. Therefore, it enjoyed a high reputation at that time, and many people studied its books in the government and the public. Yuan Tao chiayi's "Book History Society" once quoted critics at that time as saying; Its words are rigorous and informal, which is nothing more than rules and regulations. The official book is like a crown sword, and it is discussed in the temple; Running script is like a noble son, full of enthusiasm and brilliance; Chinese characters are the best in the world, and there are few horses. It can reflect Cai Jing's position in calligraphy art at that time. At that time, people often used the best words when talking about his calligraphy. Even the arrogant Mi Fei once said that his calligraphy was not as good as Cai Jing's. It is said that once Cai Jing was chatting with Mi Fei, Cai Jing asked Mi Fei: Who is the best calligrapher today? Mi Fei replied: From Liu Gongquan in the late Tang Dynasty, it was up to you and your brother Cai Bian. Cai Jing asked: What is the second one? Miffy said, of course it's me. Existing books include Poems in Caotang, Fu Jie Post and Gong Shi Post.