In the sky, the clouds are blue; Underground, covered with golden leaves.
[From] Fan Zhongyan's Su Mu Zhe in the Northern Song Dynasty
Blue sky, yellow leaves, autumn colors, cold smoke, green waves. The mountain reflects the setting sun and the sky meets the water, and the grass is ruthless, even outside the setting sun.
Dark homesickness, thoughts of chasing travel. Every night, unless? Sister Wen, what's wrong? C ジジ? cheese school? What's the point? Hey, sacrifice the curtains?
Precautions:
Dark hometown soul: dark, depressed and sad; Homesickness refers to the pain of homesickness, which makes people sad and ecstatic. Secret love, using Jiang Yan's Beppu, "Those who are ecstatic don't do it."
Reflections on travel: chasing, chasing and pestering. Thinking about traveling, worrying about traveling.
Every night unless, that is, the inversion of "every night unless" unless you sleep well every night. Here is the pause of the beat.
Translation 1:
White clouds and yellow leaves are everywhere. Autumn scenery is reflected on the blue waves on the river, and the water waves are glowing with cold smoke and green. The distant mountains are bathed in sunset, and the sky is connected with rivers. The grass on the shore seems heartless, beyond the setting sun.
Sad souls in different places, chasing the sadness of living in different places, can only make people unable to sleep every night, unless it is a dream. The bright moon shines on tall buildings, so don't lean on it alone. Picked up the wine to wash the sorrow, but turned into acacia tears.
Translation 2:
In the sky, the clouds are blue; Underground, covered with golden leaves, thick autumn colors are connected with the blue waves of the distant river, and the cold smoke floats on the blue waves, which is so bright and clean. The setting sun reflects the distant mountains, and the autumn waves connect the sky and the water. The setting sun can't shine on the grass in the distant hometown beyond the mountain, which makes people sigh in vain.
Miss hometown, feel dejected, travel troubles, one after another. How can we spend the long night? Unless you dream of going home every night. The bright moon is in the sky, and pavilions are towering. Don't lean on the balcony alone. Let's drink a glass of wine, and it will turn into homesick tears when it enters sadness.
Translation 3:
White clouds and yellow leaves are everywhere. Autumn scenery is reflected on the blue waves on the river, and the water waves are glowing with cold smoke and green. The distant mountains are bathed in sunset, and the sky is connected with rivers. The grass on the shore seems heartless, beyond the setting sun.
Sad souls in different places, chasing the sadness of living in different places, can only make people unable to sleep every night, unless it is a dream. The bright moon shines on tall buildings, so don't lean on it alone. Pick up the wine to wash your sorrow, but it all turns into acacia tears.
Translation 4:
Blue sky and white clouds, yellow leaves all over the ground, autumn colors are connected with water waves, and the cold smoke on the water waves is fascinating. The setting sun reflects the mountains, and the blue sky meets the white water, with the same color. The green spring grass is heartless and unintentional, extending to the distance until the sky beyond the sunset.
Homesickness makes me miserable, and life beyond the Great Wall deepens my worries. Loneliness day and night is unbearable, and only in a beautiful dream can time be difficult to get close to. When the moon shines, don't go upstairs and lean against the fence, because you are looking at your hometown and there is nothing left. It's really an increase in sorrow that all the sorrows are turned into tears of lovesickness.
Blue sky, yellow leaves, autumn colors, and cold smoke on the waves. See Song Fan Zhongyan's Su Curtain Covering, which means there are clouds floating in the blue sky, and the ground is covered with yellow leaves. This thick autumn color has been stretched forward, connected with the green waves stacked on the upper layer of the river, and the cold wave has also painted the fog on the river with a layer of green.
Through the blue clouds, yellow leaves, river waves and cold smoke, these sentences render the boundless autumn colors that diffuse between heaven and earth, with a broad realm and strong artistic appeal, thus becoming famous sentences handed down from generation to generation. Wang Shifu's fourth book "The Romance of the West Chamber" begins with the third fold: "Blue sky and yellow land, tight west wind, flying south", which is obviously deeply influenced by it. It can be used to describe the scene of high autumn, and it can also be used to set off the desolate feeling of late autumn.
Appreciate:
This poem Su Mu Zhe was written by Fan Zhongyan, a famous minister in the early years of Northern Song Dynasty. At that time, he was appointed as the Ambassador of Fu Xuan of Shaanxi No.4 Road, and presided over the military defense of Xixia. On the frontier of frontier defense, the autumn wind is chilly, and the soldiers can't help but miss their hometown, so they have this song "Farewell" to express their feelings by autumn scenery. The first part of ci is mainly about scenery, and the second part is mainly about lyric.
The first cloud: Autumn has come, the sky is high and the clouds are light, the sky is clear and Wan Li, the leaves are yellow, the ground is withered, the river is cold, and a cool mist rises on the water surface. Yellow leaves covered with sunset, reflected in the river together; The withered leaves left the weeds and spread to the invisible horizon. This is really an ironic and sad picture of Qiu Jingtu beyond the Great Wall. "Sunset" and "autumn colors" set each other off in interest, and the image of being warm and cold at first sight and weak in vitality is easy to cause people's worries; "Cao Fang" has no feelings, but is infinitely attached to the overgrown wasteland. This is because the grass spreads to the distance beyond the sunset and communicates directly with the hometown of the mainland; Secondly, because the grass has withered, it will be green next year, but people are getting older every year. Who knows if the recruiter can see the next spring grass sprouting? Li He's poem says, "If there is love in the sky, it will be old". How can eternal nature and short life not arouse people's deep feelings?
The next article is a thick cloud: autumn scenery is desolate in traffic jams, and he can't help but feel homesick, with gloomy clouds and gloomy fog. I couldn't sleep all night. As soon as I closed my eyes, I dreamed of being reunited with my family. It is especially painful to wake up in the middle of the night. Forget it, forget it, let it dissolve in the moonlight. If the building is far away, don't climb up to see the moonlight. Let's drown our sorrows in wine to get rid of this long and lonely autumn night. It's just that I'm more worried by drinking. Being drunk deeply touches my sadness and turns into a little lovesick tear, which drops lightly on my chest. This is a typical feeling of wandering in Qiu Si. "Darkness", eclipsed, means that the spirit is strongly stimulated, feeling depressed and sad. "Thinking about traveling" is the melancholy of being a guest outside. "thinking" is the concept. "Homesickness" and "thinking about traveling" are the center of the next movie, which are two aspects of a mood: homesickness and homesickness make people feel uneasy; It's sad to miss the distance. "Homesick soul" is nostalgia for the mainland; "Thinking about traveling" is a sad smell.
However, this word is not the work of Qiu Si, an ordinary wanderer, but a homesick work written by the commander-in-chief of frontier fortress. Zhang Huiyan said, "This is what it feels like to go to the countryside." Xu Angxiao also said, "A man with a hard heart also makes this soul-killing language." From the emotional tone, it belongs to lingering "tenderness" and children's amorous feelings, which is sad rather than tragic. Following Changyun: "Song Mingchen has a beautiful pen. Compared with the plum blossom gift from Song Guangping, what can a talented person do? Unlike the headscarf of the world, there is no elegance. " This is a negotiable comment. However, some people are qualified to be authors and insist on distinguishing them, thinking that they are serious feelings related to the military. "According to Zheng Wen's life, he is not a man pregnant with soil. What he did was like thinking of the soul of his hometown and his tears. It seems to be a child's idea. Why? You can imagine its sustenance by looking at it. In the first four sentences, autumn scenery was used to express his concern for the country and the people. The mountain reflects the sunset, and in three sentences, it is vaguely clear that the world is not clear, and the villain is more proud; Grass is a metaphor for villains, which has been used by Tang people all the time. Second, because of his inner sadness, he didn't say it, but began to miss his hometown, but he was restless in his dreams and turned into tears. In fact, sadness is not for homesickness. When Zheng Wen was in Song Renzong, he praised China and foreign countries and shouldered national security. Although there were no villains at that time, it was a prosperous day and Zheng Wen was very sad. If this is the case, it will be the first time to worry about the world. " (Liaoyuan Huang's Selected Poems of Starting a prairie fire) Many commentators disagree with this statement. Hu's Selected Songs of the Song Dynasty said: "From the specific words, it is difficult to find out what the meaning of' worrying about the country and the people' is besides reflecting the feelings of going abroad and Huang Liao. Eight? Is the scale really guanidine in chains? Are you insisting? " Indeed, this word is only an expression of the homesickness of the soldiers in the border area, and does not contain the military worries of accusing the villains.
Of course, it is necessary to distinguish clearly what feelings are expressed in words, and how to express feelings is a more important issue. Wang Zhong commented: "This word touches autumn colors and paints a piece of acacia. The structure of the whole word is just like Zou Zuomo said: the first part is full of beautiful language, and the second part is pure tenderness. The so-called American language is also soft, and autumn scenery writes autumn heart. " The so-called "writing autumn heart with autumn scenery" is about the artistic characteristics of this word, that is, writing feelings with scenes and blending scenes. The relationship between emotion and scenery has always been a basic issue in China's literary theory. The Book of Rites and Music puts forward: "Every sound starts from the heart. When the heart moves, everything does its best. Feeling things and moving, shaped by sound. " Liu Xie's Wen Xin Diao Long systematically expounded this problem, and put forward the arguments of "responding to things with things" and "responding to animals with feelings", that is, people's subjective feelings are generated by the reaction to objective things and can only be expressed by external things. In the Tang Dynasty, the Japanese monk Konghai's Secret House in the Mirror further put forward the view that emotion and scenery should be in harmony, that is, "scenery and meaning should be in harmony" and "poetry should not be prime minister, but should enter the scene, speak clearly and taste elegant. ..... Poetry is always ambiguous and tasteless; It has always been said that the scenery is tasteless and things must be good. " After the Song Dynasty, the understanding of the relationship between emotion and scenery became more profound. Fan's "Talking about Bed at Night" puts forward the viewpoint that "the scenery is heartless and the feelings are not born", and it is necessary to "turn the scenery into feelings". Xie Zhen, an Amin poet, even put forward the theory that "the scenery alone is not self-contained": "Poetry is based on the scenery, and loneliness is not self-contained. The two are not opposed ... The scene is the medium of poetry, and emotion is the embryo of poetry. They are combined into poetry." In Jiang Zhai Shi Hua written by Wang Fuzhi in Qing Dynasty, the concepts of scenery language and emotion language were clearly put forward and the relationship between them was described: "If you can't enter the scenery language, how can you get love?" "This scene is called two, but it is inseparable. God is infinite to poets. Skilled people have feelings in the middle of the scene. " According to the book of changes, love and scenery are consistent, and it is more clear: "writing about scenery and romance are not the same thing." Wang Guowei's Ci Poetry on Earth generally points out that "all scenery words are sentimental words" and "in the past, there were scenery words and sentimental words in poetry, but I didn't know that all scenery words were sentimental words". What Wang sees is the same as the so-called "American language" or "soft language". The "American English" here is a beautiful landscape language; Soft language "refers to gentle and charming love words." With the description of autumn scenery, Fan Zhongyan truly reveals the feeling of "homesickness".
Kuang Zhouyi's "On the Ci of Hui Feng Hua Ci" points out: "Those who are good at lyricism only feel the scenery. This realm is often only available in the Northern Song Dynasty. " Fan Zhongyan's "Su Mu Gai" is a masterpiece in the early years of the Northern Song Dynasty. It is really touching to borrow scenery to express emotion. (Author: Zhang Yongfang)