"The oars at the foot of Jingting Mountain are soft, and the rain is like sleepwalking; Whether the soul of Li Xie's poem is alive today or not, the lake light has broken through thousands of years. " This is a poem left by Comrade Chen Yi passing through Xuancheng after the Southern Anhui Incident. This beautiful poem "From Xuancheng to the East Lake" depicts the beautiful scenery of the south of the Yangtze River in Xuancheng as picturesque, dreamlike and fascinating ...
In fact, Xuancheng has been a place that has fascinated countless literati since ancient times, not only because of its charming natural scenery, but also because of its profundity.
Jingting Mountain, a Poetry Mountain in the South of the Yangtze River
Why is Jingting Mountain so popular? It turns out that since Xie Tiao, a famous poet in the Southern Qi Dynasty, was appointed as the satrap of Xuancheng for more than a thousand years, it has become the Jiangnan poetry place where scholars and poets in past dynasties "sing without empty days". Xie Tiao often sang poems in praise of Jingting Mountain, and specially built a building on the mountain to enjoy the scenery of nature. With fresh and beautiful brushwork, he wrote many famous poems, such as "Yu Xia disperses into Qi, Chengjiang is quiet as practice" and "Zishan stretches for hundreds of miles, and the clouds are together", which outlined a series of distant and affectionate landscape paintings and created a new wind of landscape poetry. Li Bai, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, was deeply influenced by Xie Tiao. Before and after the Anshi Rebellion in and sorrows return, though we drown them with wine, he visited Jingting Mountain seven times and left 42 poems, 14 of which were written in Jingting Mountain. The poem "Sitting alone in Jingting Mountain", which is known as the swan song of the ages, says: "Birds fly high and the lonely clouds are idle alone; Never tire of looking at each other, only Jingting Mountain ",the poet Li Bai vividly poured infinite vitality into this famous mountain with anthropomorphic brushwork.
Jingting Mountain became famous all over the world after thanking Li for his poems. Scholars of all ages followed Xie Li's footsteps and splashed ink on Jingting Mountain in succession. Yan Zhenqing, Meng Haoran, Wang Wei, Wei Yingwu, Liu Yuxi and Du Mu in the Tang Dynasty; Mei Yaochen, Ouyang Xiu, Yan Shu, Fan Zhongyan, Su Dongpo, Huang Tingjian, Yang Wanli and Wen Tianxiang in the Song Dynasty; Li Dongyang, Tang Xianzu, Wen Zhiming and Wang Siren in the Ming Dynasty; In the Qing Dynasty, more than 32 poets and painters such as Yao Nai, Shi Runzhang and Shi Tao left nearly 1, first poems and mountain notes here, making Jingting Mountain a "poetic mountain in the south of the Yangtze River".
Jingting Mountain belongs to the residual vein of Huangshan Mountain, with beautiful mountains and rivers, rugged rocks, green mountains, clouds and springs. Looking at the mountain, thousands of scenes are refreshing: the new appearance of the ancient city, the double bridge flying rainbow; Shuiyangjiang Fishing Song, the unique Twin Towers in the Song Dynasty. At the turn of spring and summer, the azaleas, pears and bluegrass flowers in Jingting Mountain are all in full bloom. When taking a nap, sitting alone in Taibai building and sipping the famous national tea "Jingting Green Snow" makes people feel refreshed and elated. Under the influence of Jingting Mountain, many writers are full of ideas and talents, which is a blockbuster. Du Mu's "There are hundreds of hectares of bamboo under Jingting Mountain, among which there is a poet Xiao Xiecheng"; Huang Tingjian's "The evening building shines on the water, and the spring rides on the cluster to show the court"; Tang Xianzu's "Jing Ting Tian Shui Green, Shu Jie Zhao Yan"; Wen Zhiming's poems, such as "Sunset sets Jingting in harmony with each other, clouds open one after another and soak in canglang waves", set Jingting Mountain and ancient Xuancheng in harmony. At the age of 18, Bai Juyi, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, passed the township entrance examination in Xuancheng and became a proud scholar who sensationalized Chang 'an in Kyoto. Facing Jingting Mountain, he was full of poetry: "Suddenly, the song and snow are coming today, and I am afraid that satellites will return last night. I like Xuancheng's chapters and sentences again, and I fly away to congratulate Jingting Mountain. " When Han Yu, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, was a teenager, he took refuge at the foot of Jingting Mountain ...
"The mountain of Jingting is yellow and desert, and there are no edges and corners in the new bank. A poem by Xie Tiao in Xuancheng made him famous in five mountains. " Song of Jiuhua Mountain by Liu Yuxi, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, sang the charm of Jingting Mountain. However, Lin Xi, a poet of the Song Dynasty, still left a quip: "Tiger Hill is exchanged for Jingting Mountain, and there are several houses in Songling. The world is not as good as two States, and you are begging for leisure. "It is wonderful that Jingting Mountain in Xuancheng can rival Tiger Hill in Suzhou.
Nowadays, Jingting Mountain is full of tourists. Huang Zhen, member of the Standing Committee of the Central Advisory Committee, was deeply touched after visiting Jingting Mountain, and the book was titled "Poetry Mountain in the South of the Yangtze River". Chu Tunan, former vice chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress and calligrapher, wrote the name of Jingting Mountain. Over the years, the Jingting Mountain Scenic Area in Xuancheng City has been renovated several times, and now the scenery of Jingting Mountain is even more charming.
exclusive Jiangshan Xie Tiao building
Xie Tiao building, a two-story building named after people, is as famous as Yellow Crane Tower, Yueyang Tower and Tengwang Pavilion, the historic buildings in the south of the Yangtze River. At the beginning of the Tang Dynasty, Xuancheng built a brick-wood balcony with two floors, upturned cornices and windows on all sides, in order to make it easier to "Gao Zhai" the old place. Because it is located in the north of Zhouya, it is named "North Building". Because of logging in to this building, you can look north at Jingting Mountain, which is famous for its five mountains, also known as "Beiwanglou". Li Bai has visited Xuancheng many times, climbed the Range Rover in this building and recited the poem "Autumn Climbing the North Building of Xuancheng Xie Tiao" in memory of Xie Tiao: "In the picturesque Jiangcheng, the mountains look at the clear sky at night; Between the two rivers, a lake of lake like a bright mirror; The two bridges on the river seem like a rainbow falling from the sky. Orange forest pomelo is set off in the cold smoke of smoke; Autumn is boundless, the indus has also looked old. Whoever goes to the north building will be grateful to the wind. " He also said in the poem "Xie Tiao Building, Xuanzhou, a farewell school book Shu Yun": "Autumn geese are sent to Wan Li in the sky, and as I face them from this villa, drinking my wine. The bones of great writers are your brushes, in the School of Heaven, and I am a Lesser Xie growing up by your side. All of them are happy and think about it, and they want to go to the sky to embrace the bright moon. "
Because Li Bai's poems are widely read, Xie Tiao Building is also called "Xie Gong Building" and "Stacked Building". Since then, pavilions such as "Clearing Summer", "Wind", "Welcoming the Spring" and "Shuangxi" have been built around, such as the stars arching the moon, forming a colorful and colorful landscape. There is an endless stream of people who come here to climb the building, and it is difficult to count the people who recite poems. Only nearly 2 poems of Xie Tiao Tower, such as local chronicles, are included, which is known as "the exclusive Xie Tiao Tower". In the days after the completion of Xie Tiao Building, successive generations have repaired it. But unfortunately, in the autumn of 1937, the Japanese planes invaded China were blown into ruins.
After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, Xuancheng people re-examined and evaluated the historical celebrities. Xie Tiao Building not only embodies the deep feelings of the people, but also embodies the profound historical and cultural accumulation and rich cultural connotation. In 1987, at the Ninth People's Congress of Xuanzhou City, 18 NPC deputies jointly proposed to rebuild Xie Tiao Building; Officially adopted at the mayor's executive meeting in 199; On August 8, 1997, ground was broken, and "Rebuilding Xie Tiao Building" became a reality, which was completed the following year. It lasted one year and cost one million yuan, fulfilling the dream of Xuancheng people for many years.
Xie Tiao Building is located on the Lingyang Peak at the southern foot of Jingting Mountain. Walking through a Linyin Avenue for about half an hour, you can see the graceful Xie Tiao Building. Climb the stairs, climb the dignified and elegant, upturned cornices, antique Xie Tiao Building, look up and see, Shuiyangjiang is sparkling in the sunshine, just like thousands of shaking green silks; The Millennium Ancient Pagoda Kaiyuan Pagoda, slim, elegant and vivid, is a must in Jiangnan; Eyeful high-rise buildings, vertical and horizontal streets and green grass complement each other, which makes people feel relaxed and full of emotions. Just as one writer praised, "Xie Tiao has a magnificent scenery, and its windows are wide open. The scenery of a hundred miles is in the eye, and the smile refers to the fog in the mountains and rivers. " The magnificent Xie Tiao Tower and the memorable Xie Gong will become eternal in the hearts of Xuancheng people.
in the song dynasty, it was also Xuancheng who built another "Qixia pavilion" at the riverside in the north of fushan. What is the "Qixia Pavilion"? According to the Records of Xuancheng County (Volume 29), "The later writers appreciated its wind, won the public pool in the east, and tired the bricks in the west, and built it into a flying pavilion, which was ranked as" Qixia "." (Song Zhangmin's The Story of Qixia Pavilion) It is said that a plaque made of the word "Qixia" in his famous sentence "Yuxia is scattered into Qixia" is embedded in the pavilion and named "Qixia Pavilion". Unfortunately, after the completion of this pavilion, "it has become worse and worse." However, in the period of Jiayou Gengzi (AD 16) in the Northern Song Dynasty, "Tian Caolang and Shi Junyao were ordered by the county magistrate to spend more time in the past, destroying the bottom, and abandoning the danger. It's a material-making work, which benefits its former site. Because of its magnificent and grand assessment of the situation, it's appropriate to build a service with people at the right time, without any labor, and the craftsman is not left behind. It's a good time to build a new pavilion. " (Song Zhang Min, The Story of Qixia Pavilion) Tian Caolang and Shi Yaofu, a man of insight, restored Qixia Pavilion. This pavilion has been restored in a spectacular and magnificent way. "If the mountain is extremely steep, it will be awe-inspiring; If it is grand and dense, the window will greet the early Xu and the morning glow will be gorgeous; The eaves are clear and bright. " (Song Zhangmin's "Qi Xia Ge Ji") And the scenery is beautiful, which has become a tourist attraction. "Red Hong spit Fang in the front sill; Yushu is shaded in the back. " (same as above) "The square pond rises late, the literary pole is cast, the carp swim together, the painting is light and the police heron glances up, building a good place to swim and rest, and the building view wins and rewards." (Xuancheng County Records, Volume Twenty-nine Records of Arts and Literature)
Did the construction and subsequent restoration of Qixia Pavilion only provide people with a place to "take a rest" and "view the building"? Of course, it was more than that. It is to carry forward the fresh and beautiful style of writing. According to Zhang Min, the magistrate of Xuancheng at that time and the author of Qixia Pavilion, he said, "Eight verses are sung because of reading". Hugh Wen, the word of Southern Qi poet Shen Yue; Eight-chant refers to the Eight-chant Poem he wrote. This poem was sung by Shen Yue in the first year of Longchang, Southern Qi Dynasty (AD 494) when he came to Jinhua as the prefect of Dongyang County to visit Xuanchang Building. Shen Yue originally wrote eight sentences: "Looking at the full moon on the stage, the spring breeze will come in the garden ...". After writing this poem, he was still unfinished, so he expanded it into eight poems with each sentence as the topic. These eight poems, with no definite sentence and no definite word, totaled 183 words, which were masterpieces in the literary world at that time. Later generations changed the name of "Xuan Chang Lou" to "Eight Wing Lou" from the Tang Dynasty. Shen Yue's "Eight Poems" opened up a new realm for the creation of modern verse and contributed to the development of Yongming style. Zhang Min cited the fact that this "building and poetry" was not enough, and further cited the example that Ying people (singers) chanted Bai Pingdu with the elegance of Liu Yun in Baixue Pavilion, saying: "Li Shu lived in Xingwu, and the Bai Xueceng Pavilion of Ying people was built in the old Chu, with the pavilion number Bai Ping, and the name of the crossing was chanted with the elegance of Liu Yun. (The Story of Qixia Pavilion) The construction of Qixia Pavilion is to "pick the yellow leaves, and carve the seals to make them a charming scene." Thanks to the exquisite language and harmonious rhyme, Xie Shu's poems reflect the characteristics of Yongming style. Another example is many of his poems in Xuancheng, such as "The sky knows the boat, and the trees in the clouds distinguish the river" ("A New Linpu Bridge in Xuancheng County"), "Summer wood turns into a curtain, and Hà Thu gradually becomes like a cover" ("Looking Back at Houzhai"), "The fish plays a new role, and the birds scatter and the flowers fall. "Feige overflow color after flow Dan, river leisurely to not also. When the old site is rebuilt, I want to thank you, and Dan Qing wants to lean on the carved column. "Writing poetry is like going to the pavilion to see the scenery, broadening my horizons and opening up new styles.
Xie Shu's poems, accompanied by "Qixia Pavilion", not only influenced the later poets in the Tang Dynasty, but also had a far-reaching impact. Li Bai, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, was fascinated by Xie Yong, and he "bowed his head and thanked Xuancheng all his life" (Qing Wang Shizhen's On Poems). Shen Yue was also very impressed by Xie Tiao's five-character poem, and he praised: "There has been no such poem for two hundred years." Xiao Yan still admired Xie Tiao's poem after he proclaimed himself emperor, saying that if you don't read it for three days, you will feel bad breath. Although the "Qixia Pavilion" no longer exists, we can't lose the fresh and natural poetic style, and we can't lose the diligent work style for the people. Xie Tiao, "Xie Tiao House", "Qixia Pavilion" and the famous poems of poets are rare treasures for Xuancheng people.