Zhang Fei (167?-221), whose courtesy name was Yide (the Chinese character Yide in "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms"), was a native of Zhuo County, Zhuo County (now Zhuozhou, Hebei Province). He was about 1.78 meters tall today. An important general of the Shu Han Dynasty during the Three Kingdoms period, he was the third son of Taoyuan in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Born in 166 AD, he was assassinated by generals Fan Jiang and Zhang Da in 221 AD.
Zhang Fei, Liu Bei's adopted brother, is the second among the Five Tiger Generals. When he was young, he made an affair with Guan Yu and Liu Bei. He once fought with Guan Yu and Liu Bei against Lu Bu at Hulao Pass. A roar on the Changbanpo Bridge scared off Cao Cao's five thousand elite cavalry. They entered Sichuan to express Yan Yan's wishes and divided them into prefectures and counties. He led more than ten thousand elite troops and defeated Zhang He's army. Liu Bei was proclaimed queen, right general, and emperor. , worshiped as a general of chariots and cavalry, and was granted the title of Marquis of Xixiang. In 221 AD, in order to avenge Guan Yu, he and Liu Bei launched an army to attack Soochow. Before leaving, he was assassinated by his generals Fan Jiang and Zhang Da. He was only fifty-five years old when he died. There is a poem in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms that sighs:
An Xi once heard that the governor was whipped, and the yellow scarf swept away all Zu Yan and Liu.
The sound of Hulao closing was first heard, and water flowed backwards by Changban Bridge.
Yanyan settled in Shu with his righteousness, and Zhang Fei was wisely deceived to settle in Zhongzhou.
He died before he conquered Wu, and the autumn grass grew, leaving the land full of sorrow.
The three sworn brothers in Taoyuan
It is said that during the Three Kingdoms period, Liu Bei, Guan Yu and Zhang Fei became sworn brothers in Taoyuan. Chapter 1 of "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms": "Fei said: 'There is a peach garden behind my village, and the flowers are in full bloom. Tomorrow I will offer sacrifices to heaven and earth in the garden. The three of us will become brothers and work together to achieve great things.' De and Yun Chang responded in unison: "That's very good." The next day, they prepared a black ox and white horse sacrifice in the peach garden. The three of them burned incense and bowed before saying an oath: "I will remember Liu Bei, Guan Yu, and Zhang Fei." Although they have different surnames, they will work together to rescue the poor and help the people in danger. They do not want to be born in the same year, the same month and the same day, but only want to die in the same year, the same month and the same day. This is a true example of betrayal and ungratefulness. , God and man kill each other! "After the oath, I worship Xuande as my brother, Guan Yu as my brother, and Zhang Fei as my brother." This is an allusion to the sworn brothers and the conspirators.
Life
In 184, during the Yellow Turban Uprising, Liu Bei organized a volunteer army in Zhuoxian County to participate in the war to exterminate the Yellow Turban Army. Guan Yu and Zhang Fei were among them. The three of them were like brothers. When Liu Bei sat down, the two of them would always go out of their way to guard him. Sometimes they would stand there for most of the day. After Liu Bei held many official positions, he defected to his former classmate Gongsun Zan. Liu Bei was named Prime Minister of Pingyuan. At that time, Guan Yu and Zhang Fei were appointed as commanders of other departments, and they were in charge of different departments.
In June 197, Cao Cao defeated Lu Bu and was appointed Zhonglang General. Later, Liu Bei relied on Yuan Shao and Liu Biao, and finally stationed troops in Xinye. A few years later, Liu Biao died and Cao Cao went south. Liu Bei abandoned his new homeland and fled south by land. Cao Cao sent five thousand elite cavalry to pursue him for a day and a night. On Dangyang Bridge, Liu Bei abandoned his wife and fled first. Zhang Fei led 20 cavalry to resist. , Zhang Fei broke the bridge, stood by the river, and shouted: "I am Zhang Yide, can I come to the capital to fight to the death?" After the Battle of Chibi, Liu Bei captured Jingnan and appointed Zhang Fei as the governor of Yidu and the general of the conquest of captives. , was granted the title of Marquis of Xinting, and later transferred to Nanjun.
Later Liu Bei entered Yizhou and soon turned against Liu Zhang. In 213, Zhang Fei, Zhuge Liang, Zhao Yun and others led Jingzhou troops into Shu for reinforcements. Arriving at Jiangzhou, he met Liu Zhang's general Yan Yan, who was captured alive by Zhang Fei. Yan Yan's heroism in refusing to surrender moved Zhang Fei, and he was introduced as a guest of honor. The army continued to divide various prefectures and counties, and then advanced to Chengdu to join Liu Bei. Liu Bei became the Lord of Shu and gave Zhang Fei five hundred catties of gold, one thousand catties of silver, fifty million dollars, and one thousand pieces of brocade.
In 218, after Cao Cao defeated Zhang Lu, Zhang He, a famous general in Cao's camp, led his army into the northeast of Yizhou. Although this area belonged to Yizhou, it had always been Zhang Lu's territory. Liu Bei then appointed Zhang Fei as the governor of Brazil and sent troops to fight for it. The two armies fought for more than fifty days. Later, Zhang Fei led more than 10,000 elite troops and invited Zhang He's army to fight. Because the mountain road was narrow, the front and rear could not save each other. Zhang He was defeated, abandoned his horse and climbed the mountain with more than ten people to return to Nanzheng. This battle not only expanded Liu Bei's territory, but also protected the gateway to Shu and helped Yizhou turn the crisis into safety. Zhang Fei immediately participated in the attack on Hanzhong. In 219, Liu Bei took control of Hanzhong, proclaimed himself the King of Hanzhong, and worshiped Zhang Fei as the right general. Soon, Guan Yu was killed by Sun Quan.
In 221, Liu Bei proclaimed himself emperor, and Zhang Fei was promoted to General of Chariots and Cavalry, led by Sili Xiaowei, and was granted the title of Marquis of Xixiang. In the same year, Liu Bei avenged Guan Yu and conquered Soochow. Zhang Fei was preparing to send troops to join Jiangzhou in Langzhong. When he was about to set off, he was murdered by his generals Zhang Da and Fan Qiang (written as Fan Jiang in the novel), and he took his head to Sun Quan. When Liu Bei heard that Commander Zhang Fei had made plans, he shouted: "Ah! Fei is dead." "The later master Liu Chan was posthumously named Huanhou.
The torso of his body was buried in Langzhong and his head was buried in Yunyang. Zhang Huanhou Temple and Zhang Huanhou Temple were built respectively.