From 230 BC to 221 BC, Qin Shihuang successively conquered and annihilated Han, Zhao, Wei, Chu, Yan, and Qi, and then unified the six countries and established the first centralized monarchy in Chinese history. Country - Qin Dynasty.
"Today we get off the train on the same track, the books and texts are the same, and the deeds are the same." "Book of Rites Doctrine of the Mean"
"One method measures a stone and a foot, the trains are on the same track, and the books are the same texts" "Historical Records of Qin Shihuang"
After Qin Shihuang unified the six kingdoms, his books had the same text. What was the unification of words?
We all know that Li Si, the prime minister of the Qin Dynasty, changed the large seal script to the small seal script. Does this mean that after the unification of the six countries, he abandoned other characters and only adopted the small seal script as the only writing script? Not really.
The unified writing system of the Qin Dynasty did not unify the Xiaozhuan script, which restricted the use of the previous Six Kingdoms scripts, but made a series of regulations on the eight-body hierarchy and usage scope with the Xiaozhuan script as the core. The so-called scripts with the same text refer to laws The form stipulates the font shape level and the usage specifications of the calligraphy. It does not refer to the single use of a certain font, but the use of different fonts for different occasions.
The eight types of Qin scripts are: large seal script, small seal script, engraved symbols, insect script, copy seal, signed script, Shu script, official script.
Insect script: mostly used for bronze inscriptions and weapons. , flags, symbols, and seals are also used.
The person who signs the letter should put his official name on the door plaque and seal.
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The two most widely used fonts in Qin are Xiaozhuan and Lishu
"Xiaozhuan" is represented by Li Si's "Cangjie Pian" and Zhao Gao's "Ai". "Li Pian", Hu Wujing's "Erudition Pian", the so-called Sancang is a calligraphy book, that is, the font written by these three people is used as the standard for the small seal script. The fonts used in formal and solemn occasions, such as commemorative stone carvings and so on, are all written in Xiaozhuan.
"official script" is mainly used for government orders and daily correspondence. It is a low-level official script used by jailers and lower-level officials in Tunxu. Because official script is relatively concise and easy to write, it was later used on a larger scale. It became popular and used in China and became its own writing system after the Qin and Han Dynasties.
Writing was originally used as a tool to express, record thoughts and record events in the labor process. Its main function is to communicate and record. In the pre-Qin era, the writing styles and writing methods of various countries were different and difficult to identify, which hindered the development of society. "Small seal script" is the result of unifying the various writing methods of large seal script. It is an advancement of writing and even culture. In the development process of the Chinese nation, It is of great significance, so it somewhat makes us mistakenly think that Xiaozhuan is a single font used in the same text as the book.
In modern times, the regular script we write daily is regular script. The cumbersome and complicated small seal script still appears on some seals and solemn inscriptions. Its unique art form is still loved by many calligraphy enthusiasts and can be used in any era. There is no contradiction in how many languages ??there are. During the Qin Dynasty, books were written in the same text. This was the first time that China systematically standardized characters, standardizing the neatness and unity of Chinese character shapes, which was conducive to the spread of thought and culture, and made an indelible contribution to the development of Chinese civilization.