From Herb Garden to San Tan Yin Yue is an essay describing Lu Xun's childhood life. The article is divided into two parts, showing the author's growth process from childhood play to school. The first part of the game is written in "My Paradise" vanilla garden, which is happy, interesting and full of vitality. The second part, when I grow up, I have to leave the Herbal Garden and go to San Tan Ying Yue to study. The author has grasped several aspects that are still fresh in his memory, such as the scenery of the scholarly academy, the well-read, kind-hearted teachers and children's fun outside reading. The description of the scenery in the second paragraph is very wonderful, so you can pay more attention to it. The whole article is rich in content, open and closed, vivid and colorful.
Between the lines reflects the author's true temperament. From the beginning, this article was very attractive. Scenes such as vegetable fields, Herba Agastaches, Gleditsia sinensis, mulberry trees, cicadas, wasps, cauliflower, Tian Zi, oil flies, crickets, centipedes, Mylabris, Polygonum multiflorum Thunb, Manglietia, raspberries, etc. are vividly and delicately displayed in front of us.
From Vanilla Garden to San Tan Yin Yue
Judging from the social and political situation at that time, China was at the climax of the first revolutionary civil war, and the National Revolutionary Army cooperated with the country to successfully explore the North, which impacted the rule of the Northern Warlords. On the other hand, feudal warlords and imperialist forces intensified their persecution of revolutionary forces, and the struggle was very sharp.
No matter in the incident of Women's Normal University in 1924 or the March 18th tragedy in 1926, Mr. Lu Xun always stood firmly on the side of patriotic young students and stood at the forefront of the struggle, and wrote in memory of Liu Hezhen Jun, The Second Rose Without Flowers, Death, Tragedy and Ridiculous, etc. Of course, this angered the feudal warlords, who were framed and wanted. To be on the safe side, with the urging and help of friends such as Xu Shoushang, Mr. Lu Xun took refuge in Mangyuan Society in Jinshifang, Xicheng, and then moved to several foreign hospitals. Finally arrived in Xiamen in early September and was recommended by Lin Yutang to teach in the Chinese Department of Xiamen University.
As Lu Xun said in his letter to Xu Guangping in Guangzhou on September 6th, 2004, he was rejoicing for the rise of the southern revolutionary storm in Xiamen University for more than 30 days. "There is also a lot of news about the Northern Expedition here, which is very satisfactory. On the other hand, Lu Xun soon discovered that Xiamen was no different from Beijing in its bones, and it was "as heavy as death". Lin Wenqing, president of Xiamen University and president of China Academy of Sciences, is a stubborn and conservative person, which makes Xiamen University filled with the air of respecting Confucius and restoring ancient ways, which is suffocating. Lin Wenqing colluded with the "modern critics" who followed Lu Xun and used various despicable means to crowd out Lu Xun. At this time, Lu Xun fell into a new loneliness and depression that he longed to fight, so memories of the past began to brew in his heart to comfort his "dusk" and "strange and strange" mood.
From "Hundred Herbs Garden" to "San Tan Yin Yue" —— Artistic Features
Writing skills of stone tablets in Baicaoyuan
From Herb Garden to San Tan Yin Yue is a beautiful music about childhood. In this well-known prose, the author described a childlike world for people with poetic brushwork. The world is made up of two scenic spots with different colors and different moods. The structure of "Hundred Herbs Garden" and "San Tan Yin Yue" is indeed in sharp contrast, but although the bookstore is a typical feudal private school, Lu Xun's original intention is not criticism. The title of this essay is "From Herb Garden to San Tan Yin Yue", which points out the original intention and content of creation, that is, describing the process and mental journey from "paradise with endless fun" to "the most severe bookstore" in the city.
First, the Herb Garden, as its name implies, is a desolate place. As the work said, "It seems that there are only some weeds in it", but "it was my paradise at that time". The "grass garden" has become a "paradise", which is full of childlike interest, and the work is composed around this point. The biggest psychological characteristic of children is curiosity. Natural forms, natural emotional appeal and natural sounds will inevitably arouse their interest and cause endless associations. The cicada's "long song", the oil fly's "low song" and the cricket's "playing the piano" are all children's curious imagination of insect's "language". What Lu Xun described in Herb Garden is a paradise for children in the natural environment. In the author's pen, the Herb Garden is a life world full of colors and sounds, and even in the green weeds, there is a touching story.
Another landscape of the Herbal Garden is winter. The work only pays attention to catching birds in snowy days, how to set up institutions, how birds enter the country, how the father of moistening the soil teaches methods and how he can't do it himself. Although there is not much ink, it is quite vivid. It is an animation full of childlike interest. You can simply see the children jumping around and hear them laughing happily. When writing about summer, use heavy ink and heavy color, and when writing about winter, understate it. This kind of path conversion is also very pleasing. Connecting these two pieces together constitutes a panoramic view of the Herbal Garden, which shows "infinite interest". It is a carefree children's paradise where you can laugh heartily.
Santan Yinyue is a private school, as the work says, "it is the most severe school in the city". Its appearance is very old. What are the "three flavors"? In fact, it is a classic, historical and philosophical book, and the name of "Three Tans Printing on the Moon" clearly shows the educational purpose and content of this private school. In his works, Lu Xun vividly described the stale taste of three pools printing the moon. When students enter the school, they first salute Confucius memorial tablet, followed by teacher Bai. They can only concentrate on studying Confucian classics at ordinary times and are not allowed to ask about other knowledge. The daily curriculum is also very rigid. I can only study classics every day, "learn Chinese characters at noon and have classes at night". Gradually increase the number of books and gradually add words to the class, "from three words to five words, and finally to seven words". The bookstore has a ruler when hitting people, and there are rules when kneeling.
In a word, San Tan Yin Yue is by no means a children's paradise like Baicaoyuan. It is a veritable "most severe study", and children are bound by rules and have no freedom; But Lu Xun didn't write The House as a prison for children, which was not his intention. After reading this work, everyone will truly feel that there is a cordial atmosphere flowing in the boring three pools and printing the moon, which is a child-like humor.
portrait
From "Hundred Herbs Garden" to "San Tan Yin Yue", the narrative is vivid, the writing is excellent, and the most touching thing is the image of a teacher. There are also different views on Mr. Wang. Some people think that he is a feudal stubborn old man, and the author exposes and criticizes him. Actually, it is not. As implied in his works, Lu Xun has "great respect" for Mr. Wang. At the beginning of the work, he described his simple image with simple lines, and then introduced his personality with affirmative statements.
In Lu Xun's works, the old gentleman doesn't seem to be too strict. Students salute, and he pays a "cordial" return visit. There is a "ruler" and a "kneeling" rule, but it is not "common". Usually just "stare a few times" and shout loudly: "Read". It seems that the control is not too strict. Can't all students sneak into the small garden to be naughty and play secretly during recess? However, he is very rigid and stubborn. Obviously, in his view, students are only allowed to learn a subset of the classics, and the rest are not serious and are not allowed to dabble.
Watching that scene in class reflects the other side of his temperament: simplicity. I saw my classmates playing quietly, and he was the only one reading aloud with a smile on his face and "holding his head up, shaking, pushing, pushing". That voice, that expression, that action, that narcissism, and that wandering really show the naive soul of a pedantic Old Master Q, which is very cute. There is no denying that Lu Xun's description of this kind old man implies ridicule, but there are many gentle smiles and affectionate thoughts.
language feature
It is like a beautiful prose poem from Baicaoyuan to Santan Yinyue. The text is concise and beautiful, almost all of them are line drawings, but the expression is realistic and the image is flying. The line drawing is vivid, first of all, it is accurate, and the vegetable field is green and moist, so it is "green"; Shi Jinglan is naturally "smooth" because many young people climb it. The trunk of Gleditsia sinensis is thick and numerous, so it is better to decorate it with "height"; Mulberry is ripe, so it is "purple"; Oil flies sound like "crooning" and crickets sound sonorous, so they sound like "playing the piano"; The raspberry fruit is small and delicate, so it is "like a ball made of small coral beads". These are all forms of objects and images in one word. The author links the image with freehand brushwork, and conveys the charm of the Herbal Garden with a simple and energetic style, thus achieving what the ancients said: "Light ink is enough to convey the spirit".
The narrator is even more concise, using only a few hundred words to outline the process of sweeping snow, moving food, supporting screens, pulling wires and catching birds vividly. The story of the beautiful snake, full of beauty, demon consciousness, panic, loss and twists and turns, only took more than 200 words to make it clear. Sometimes, the author uses parallelism to express the inner feelings of the characters. For example, when describing reading in class, he used four lines of "Younian", which were extracted from ancient books and were boring in theory, but once they were arranged and combined, they turned decay into magic and became vivid images, showing the swaying and buzzing reading scene in the study. There is cleverness in clumsiness and cleverness in simplicity, all of which indicate that the author's language skills have reached a very high artistic level.
From Baicaoyuan to San Tan Yin Yue-Baicaoyuan
Baicaoyuan Baicaoyuan is a vegetable garden in Zhou Jia, Xintaimen, Shaoxing, Zhejiang. Baicao Garden is behind Lu Xun's former residence in Shaoxing, Zhejiang, with Xianhuan River in the east, Shenzhai in the east and Liangjia backyard in the west. It covers an area of nearly 2000 square meters and was originally owned by Zhou Jiaxin, Taimen Zhiren and everyone. The west half belongs to the wisdom room and the east half belongs to the benevolence room. Every family in this garden grows some fruits and vegetables, and some plots are also used as threshing floors after autumn, but because of the large grass and deep grass in the garden, it seems a bit desolate.
Baicaoyuan covers an area of about 2000 square meters, which is the place where Lu Xun played when he was a child. Although there are no obvious boundaries, there are also large gardens and small gardens. The small garden is in the north, covering a small area, protruding to the northwest corner, covering an area of about a quarter of that of the big garden. There is a gate leading to Xianhuan River in the east, and a river port is built along the river, where manure farmers can stop and carry away the grass ash and manure of Zhou family. The big garden is in the south, covering a large area. There are a pile of mud walls with a length of 44 meters and a height of about one meter in the west, which serve as the dividing line with Liangjiahou Garden in the west. At the southern end of the mud wall bordering the corner of Lu Xun's back door, there is a boundary pillar engraved with the word "Liang Jie". This boundary pillar and this pile of "low mud walls" called "infinite interest" by Lu Xun are still the same today.
This deserted garden is not only full of rubble and weeds, but also trees, vines, birds, insects and beasts, which is a good place for children to play. When Lu Xun was a child, he often came here to play with his friends, or picked purple mulberries and sweet and sour raspberries, or caught crickets to tease Mylabris, sometimes dug the roots of Polygonum multiflorum, and sometimes picked the fruits of Manglietia, enjoying the cool in the shade in summer, listening to cicadas in winter and catching birds in the snow in winter. The plants and animals in the Herbal Garden can be seen, heard, played and eaten, which is really fun for children.
With the decline of Zhou Jia, the garden of East Shourenfang in Baicaoyuan was sold to Zhu Langxian in the east as early as 19 15, and the part of Xishouzhifang was also sold to Zhujiajian Island on 19 18 together with the property of Xintaimen. After Zhu Yuxian transformed the new platform door into "Luban", he expanded the backyard. In the small garden of Baicaoyuan, a rockery was built, and a fish pond and a flower hall were also built. After liberation, the state recovered the money from Zhang's later owner and opened it to the public as a part of Lu Xun Memorial Hall for the general audience to visit and rest. The main part of the Herbal Garden is basically the same as before.
From Baicaoyuan to San Tan Yin Yue-San Tan Yin Yue
San Tan Yin Yue, San Tan Yin Yue is a famous private school in Shaoxing in the late Qing Dynasty, located atNo. 1 1 Duchang Fangcheng. San Tan Ying Yue is a small living room with three bays, which was originally the study of Shou family. Sitting in the east facing west, facing the river in the north, facing Zhou Jia Laotaimen across the river. Lu Xun studied here from 12 to 17.
The plaque of "Three Tans Printing the Moon" hangs in the center of the study. The so-called "three flavors" means "reading classics tastes like rice, reading history tastes like vegetables, and reading a hundred flavors like sugar". Below the plaque is a picture of a pine deer. There are a pair of armbands on the pillars on both sides, which were inscribed by Liang, a calligrapher in Qing Dynasty.
Lu Xun's seat is in the northeast corner of the study. This hardwood desk is the original used by Mr. Lu Xun. On the right side of the desktop is the word "made" handwritten by Mr. Lu Xun. Once Lu Xun was late for class and was severely scolded by the teacher. He carved the word "early" on the right edge of his desk to remind himself from time to time that he was never late again.
Shou, the teacher of the school, is a square, simple and knowledgeable person. His spirit of being a man and studying left an unforgettable impression on Lu Xun. Shou has been teaching here for 60 years, and the architectural structure, indoor furnishings and surrounding environment have basically maintained the original appearance of that year. There is a small garden behind the moon in Santan, which contains two osmanthus trees and a wintersweet tree, among which wintersweet tree's life span exceeds 100 years.
Generally speaking, the interpretation of "San Tan Yin Yue" vividly compares the taste of reading poems, books and hundreds of ancient books with three tastes, and Mr. Sun Shouyu, the grandson of Mr. Shou, said in the article: "I heard the meaning of" San Tan Yin Yue "from my grandfather Shou more than once. Grandfather's explanation of the meaning of' three pools printing the moon' is' warm clothes, fragrant roots and long poems'. "Old Mr. Shou Jason Wu said:" Buyi is a common people, and "Warm Clothes" would rather be a common people than an official. Vegetable root fragrance' is satisfied with simple food, not envious or yearning for the enjoyment of delicacies; Poetry has a long taste' means to understand the profound content of poetry carefully, so as to get a profound taste. "It is said that this was personally drafted by Shou Shou, the father of an old man, so that future generations can seriously understand and practice it.
Shou (1849- 1930) is a learned man. He has a good character and is honest and frank. He hated fame all his life. He stopped taking the exam after he was admitted as a scholar. His occupation is to sit in the library and teach students all his life. Lu Xun praised him as "a founder, simple and knowledgeable person in this city".
From "Hundred Herbs Garden" to "San Tan Yin Yue" —— Author's Brief Introduction
Lu Xun Lu Xun (188 1 year-1936) is a great modern writer, thinker and revolutionary. Formerly known as Zhou Shuren, the word Cai Yu. People from Shaoxing, Zhejiang. Childhood was educated by classical poetry and calligraphy, and youth was influenced by evolution. Later, he went to Japan to study medicine, but he abandoned medicine and went to literature, determined to change the backward national spirit with literature.
19 18 The Diary of a Madman, the first vernacular novel in the history of modern literature, was published in May. From 19 18 to 1926, he has successively created and published albums such as Scream, Wandering, Weeds, Flowers in the Morning, and Gai Hua Collection.
192 1 The True Story of Ah Q, a novella published in February, is one of the best works in the history of modern literature in China. During the period from 1927 to 1935, he wrote new stories and a lot of essays. Lu Xun's essays have profound and simple revolutionary passion and irrefutable logical power, and are a model of perfect combination of high ideological content and artistry. Mr. Lu Xun translated nearly ten million words in his life. There is The Complete Works of Lu Xun.