Geng Jie Duan Fang: describes a person who is upright, different from the popular customs, and has a decent style.
1. The word "Geng Jie" was first seen in "Nine Bian of the Songs of Chu" "To be independent and unyielding, I would like to admire the teachings of the sages." Warring States Period·Han·Han Fei "Han Feizi·Wuzhi" "There is also a statement in "If the master does not get rid of these five beetles of the people and does not raise upright and honest people, then even if there are ruined countries and dynasties in the sea, don't be surprised."
"Geng Jie "It has many extended meanings in historical documents:
(1) Guangda Shengming. "Chu Ci·Li Sao": "Yao and Shun were Geng Jie Xi. They followed the Tao and found the way." Wang Yi's note: "Geng means light; Jie means great. The reason why Yao and Shun are called the great sages of light is because they follow the heaven and earth." The way is to appoint talents and make everything right. " Liang Liu Xie of the Southern Dynasties "Wen Xin Diao Long·Bian Sao": "Therefore, Chen Yao and Shun's Geng Jie are called Yu Tang's Zhijing, and they are the style of the imperial edict." ?Zhang Binglin? "Ode to Emperor Wu of Wei": "Huan Wen used a Kuang to record his merits, and Yao and Shun used Geng Jie to be a saint."
(2) Integrity, integrity and self-control. "Chu Ci Jiu Bian": "I am independent and unyielding, and I would like to admire the teachings of the sages." Wang Yi's note: "Being faithful and observing the law is not in vain." Dong Zhongshu of the Han Dynasty "Shi Bu Yu Fu": "In order to distinguish A man who is deceived and expected to pass through, a true man who is honest and restrains himself." "Beishan Yiwen" written by Kong Zhigui in the Southern Dynasties said: "Geng Jie's standard is to rise above the vulgar, and he is free and unrestrained. He is a filial friend, loves to learn and write a lot, and has a strong leadership in establishing the dynasty. He is the best among Lingnan people."?
Chapter 9 of Volume 1 of Li Liuru's "Sixty Years of Change": "I originally hated warlords, Geng Jie. Why do you want to be a stubborn person like the warlord lackey Captain Guo? Doesn’t food and clothing matter, but personality doesn’t matter? ”
(3) Tall and abrupt appearance. Liang He Xun of the Southern Dynasty wrote in "Qizhao·Gongshi": "The road is clear and the clouds are connected, and the pavilion is high and the Han Dynasty is looked up to." Song Dynasty Chao Buzhi's "The Autumn Wind Blows My Clothes from Heguan Yanyuan": "Those who swallow like clouds dream Eighty-nine, the long sword is leaning against the sky. "The third poem of "Tiantai Jiyou" written by Wei Yuan of the Qing Dynasty: "It is surrounded by thousands of green stairs."
(4) Originally refers to the bright armor. Extended to virile. "Chu Ci Jiu Bian": "He is arrogant and beautiful, but he attacks the martial arts, and he is responsible for Geng Jie." Wang Yi's note: "Relying on his parents, all the soldiers were defeated by armored soldiers." Hong Xingzu added annotation: "﹝Geng﹞Ming Ye." "Yi takes Jie as the Jiezhou." Liang Xuqiu of the Southern Dynasty wrote a poem in "Ancient Reward to Changshi Gai Deng Langya City": "Young men are full of energy, and Geng Jie rises to the top." "General's Journey" by Liu Xiyi of the Tang Dynasty: "General. Yuanmen, Geng Jie stands in the wind."
(5) Feeling uneasy. "Qiu Xing Fu" written by Pan Yue of Jin Dynasty: "I have been insomnia all night, and I have traveled alone to Hua Province." Liu Shuo's poem "Dai Qingqing Riverside Grass" of the Southern Song Dynasty: "A good man has been working hard for a long time, and Geng Jie will eventually become too late." " "Book of Southern Qi·Chu Yuan's Biography": "Since I have an upright heart, I find it difficult to push the sundial."
2. The word "Duanfang" means "solemn and upright". Seen in: "Book of Song·Biography of Wang Jinghong": "Jinghong is short in shape and sits upright. Huan Xuan calls it the 'eight movements of Dan Lei'." "Old Book of Tang Dynasty·Biography of Zheng Lang": "Zhi Cao Duanfang" , with a dignified temperament. "Volume 15 of "Surprise at the Second Moment": "Seeing that Gu Lidian behaves well and looks handsome, he is not like a person below the yamen, so I respect him selfishly."
Chapter 23 of "The Scholars": "Yesterday, Mr. Xue received a letter and said that he was not very polite as a man, and he was prone to associate with gangsters. From now on, he will not dare to show his respect."
< p> Therefore, "Geng Jie Duan Fang" mostly describes a person's character, conduct, and character. It means that he is different from the secular world, does not say that the secular world is complicit, and insists on his always upright and decent style of dealing with people. When describing it, there is often a saying that "the person is honest and has good prescriptions". Nowadays, it is generally seen in eulogies for people who have passed away at an advanced age.History:
1. In the old days, Neo-Confucianism played an increasingly negative and even reactionary role in strengthening feudal ethics and safeguarding patriarchal traditions with the continuous development of China's feudal society. "Geng Jie Tuan Fang": The Neo-Confucianism's requirements for literati's inner behavioral consciousness and external behavioral norms have led to the formation of the character of "Geng Jie Tuan Fang". "Geng Jie" makes the literati prefer to bend rather than bend, and most of them can work hard for their ideals. On the other hand, the introspection of their characters makes the literati think comprehensively and produce literary masterpieces one after another.
Sima Guang is its representative. "Duanfang" made literati highly accomplished in academic standardization.
On the one hand, it pays attention to the meaning of calligraphy, and on the other hand, it pays attention to the editing standards. Ouyang Xiu is the representative.
2. "The Best Story: The History of Chinese Calligraphy, Painting and Seal Art" describes the life of "long-lived calligrapher and painter Wen Zhengming" and describes his use of "geng Jie rules" in his life.
3. Yang Mingshi was born in Chaoyangguan, Jiangyin, on December 24, the 17th year of Shunzhi (January 24, 1661). He studied scriptures diligently since childhood, maintained himself with "correct principles and upright principles", and strived to pursue the Confucian ideal of "rectifying oneself, cultivating one's moral character, governing the country, and bringing peace to the world". In order to prove his own worth with his imperial examination results, and to show his determination to "take rectification of the world as his own responsibility", he repeatedly postponed his wedding date, and was very determined not to get married unless he won the Jinshi. After many ups and downs, he finally became a scholar of the Hanlin Academy in the 30th year of Kangxi (1691).