Yi Kuang, the emperor of Xianfeng, was born in the 11th year of Daoguang (183 1 July1July), the fourth son of Daoguang emperor, and his mother was Niu Luz, the filial piety queen. In the twenty-sixth year of Daoguang, Emperor Daoguang used the method of establishing a clan and named it a book.
At the end of Daoguang's 30th year, Daoguang was able to shrug off. He summoned the minister to show his calligraphy and made him the Crown Prince. After Daoguang's death, Emperor Xianfeng ascended the throne, taking the second year as the first year of Xianfeng.
In the 11th year of Xianfeng (186 1), Emperor Xianfeng died in Jehol. The temple name of Emperor Xianfeng is Wenzong. After his death, he was buried in Dingling, Qing Dongling, Zunhua, Hebei Province.
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The crisis faced by Emperor Xianfeng
After he ascended the throne, Hou Yi faced the ruling crisis of internal and external troubles. At that time, the Taiping Rebellion broke out in Guangxi. Soon, it marched into Hunan, Hubei and Xianfeng, and in March of the third year (1853), it captured Nanjing as the capital to compete with the Qing government. Western powers are preparing to launch a new war of aggression against China in the name of "amending the treaty". Russia mobilized troops in the northeast of China and seized a large territory north of Heilongjiang in China.
In order to save the ruling crisis, Emperor Xianfeng thought of eliminating disadvantages and seeking treatment. He went to Renxian to exorcise evil spirits in an attempt to revive the Dharma. Zeng Guofan, a Han bureaucrat, was widely used, relying on the armed forces of Han landlords trained and commanded by him to suppress the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom and the Nian Army Uprising. Dare to do Su Shun got promoted, Su Shun and others got the support of getting rid of graft.
At the same time, he dismissed A, who had been the military affairs minister for more than 20 years in Daoguang dynasty, coveted position and hindered the country's illness, and executed the notorious capitulator official and the predecessor who presided over the lottery in the first Opium War.
In the sixth year of Xianfeng (1856), Britain and France launched the second opium war against China and captured Guangzhou. Xianfeng sent Gui Liang and Hua Shanna to Tianjin to make peace, and signed the Sino-British Tianjin Treaty, the Sino-American Tianjin Treaty, the Sino-French Tianjin Treaty and the Sino-Russian Tianjin Treaty with Britain, the United States, France and Russia respectively.