First, the basic situation of the development of urban community social organizations in China
According to statistics, China
More than 65% of communities have social organizations, with a total of nearly 1 10,000. According to their functions, community social organizations can be divided into three categories: first, community services, which mainly provide free or low-paid services to community residents through self-help, such as community voluntary services and associations for helping the elderly and the disabled. The second is cultural, educational and sports activities, which mainly organize cultural, sports and entertainment interactions, such as community calligraphy, art and dance clubs. Third, safeguarding rights and interests mainly means organizing community residents to express and safeguard their legitimate rights and interests, such as owners' committees, self-employed workers' associations and community legal aid centers.
On the management system of community social organizations, many provinces and cities in China have made useful explorations.
In 2002, the first NGO service center in China was officially listed in changshou road Street, Shanghai, and in 2004, the Shanghai NGO service center was established. At the beginning of 2005, the service center of non-governmental organizations was established in Xicheng District of Beijing, and several opinions on actively cultivating non-governmental organizations to participate in the construction of harmonious communities (for Trial Implementation) were issued. Sichuan Province, as one of the pilot areas for the comprehensive reform of urban and rural areas in China, takes community service centers (stations) as the core and cooperates with other social organizations in the community to establish a "CNU" (Community Social Organization Consortium) model led by community party branches.
Second, the current problems and challenges faced by the development of urban community social organizations
(A) the policy system of community social organizations is not perfect. The current laws and regulations on social organizations in China are mainly aimed at large formal social organizations, but there are no laws and regulations specifically aimed at community social organizations. On the one hand, according to the current laws and regulations on social organizations, social organizations must be subordinate to the competent business units, and they must also meet certain requirements such as venues and funds. The threshold for community social organizations is high and it is difficult to register. On the other hand, without corresponding laws and regulations, there is no foundation for the self-construction of community social organizations, which is not conducive to the healthy development of community social organizations.
(2) The management system and mechanism of community social organizations are not perfect. At present, due to the unclear responsibilities in the management of community social organizations, the phenomenon of "three cares" can not be managed by business departments, registration authorities and community streets. At the same time, there is fragmentation in management, and the phenomenon of multi-head management in many related functional departments is widespread.
(C) the lack of effective convergence between community building and social organization management. On the one hand, it is difficult for many social organizations to effectively enter the community, and the service target and mass base are narrow. On the other hand, the development of community social organizations has been at a low level for a long time, and the channels for public participation are insufficient. Some community social organizations that should be public welfare tend to be self-interested.
(D) The management of new community social organizations is absent. At present, streets and communities generally bear quite heavy administrative affairs, and limited management resources are difficult to undertake the management tasks of community social organizations other than entertainment mutual aid organizations. At the same time, because rights organizations, religious organizations and professional organizations involve the specific business of various functional departments, the social risks of management are relatively large, and streets and communities are basically evading. It is difficult for existing business authorities to grasp the actual situation, which leads to the phenomenon of management vacancy to some extent.
(5) The concepts and methods of community social organization management lag behind. At present, the management of community social organizations basically follows the traditional management mode under the original "unit system", and the ability to cope with market-oriented and socialized management practice is insufficient, and the challenges faced in fund raising, publicity and communication, activity organization, resource integration and internal management are gradually emerging. Especially for social organizations composed of some special groups, such as the disabled, the elderly, teenagers and laid-off workers, the existing management basically stays in the shallow management stage of organizing recreational activities and encouraging prizes, which urgently needs the intervention of professional social work concepts and methods.
Three. Suggestions on Promoting the Healthy Development of Community Social Organizations
(A) improve the policy system of community social organizations. It is suggested that laws and regulations on community social organizations should be promulgated as soon as possible according to the existing laws and regulations on social organizations, so as to effectively guide the standardized development of community social organizations.
(2) Incorporate the development of community social organizations into the overall layout of social construction. It is suggested that the development of community social organizations should be incorporated into the overall layout of social construction, and bold innovations should be made in management concepts and models. In the management framework of community social organizations, we should realize the combination of "top-down" and "bottom-up", the combination of vertical management and network management, and the combination of supporting "hub" social organizations and widely cultivating "grassroots" social organizations.
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Establish community party organizations as the core and community neighborhood committees as the leader, actively guide the development of cultural community social organizations, focus on supporting the development of life service social organizations, jointly develop public welfare community social organizations, and form a network system of community social organizations in line with the new situation of social construction.
(3) Strengthen the cultivation and support of community social organizations. It is suggested to actively cultivate social organizations of community service and public welfare mutual assistance, assist in filing procedures for those who do not have the registration conditions, and give help in organizing and operating, venues and other aspects. And actively guide all kinds of social organizations to participate in community management and services by setting up project funds and purchasing services by the government.