The three biographies of the Spring and Autumn Period are "The Biography of Zuo Shi in the Spring and Autumn Period", "The Biography of the Spring and Autumn Period Gongyang" and "The Biography of the Spring and Autumn Period Gu Liang".
The "Three Biography of the Spring and Autumn Period" are "The Biography of the Zuo Family in the Spring and Autumn Period" (author: Zuo Qiuming), "The Biography of the Spring and Autumn Period Gongyang" (author: Gongyang Gao), and "The Biography of the Spring and Autumn Period Guliang" (author: The Biography of the Spring and Autumn Period) The collective name of the three classics (Gu Liang Chi).
There are two other families, the Zou family and the Jia family, which were lost as early as the Han Dynasty. Therefore, since the Han Dynasty, scholars have only relied on the "Three Biographies" to study the Spring and Autumn Annals.
The Chunqiu Zuo Family's Chuanqiu Chunqiu Gongyang Chuan Chunqiu Guliang Chuan are also known as the three Chunqiu Chuanchuan. However, "Gongyang Zhuan" and "Gu Liang Zhuan" purely explain the "Spring and Autumn" in terms of theory, while "Zuo Zhuan" is essentially an independently written history book. It's just that later generations may have done corresponding processing after combining it with "Spring and Autumn". Some words that specifically explain the "calligraphy" of "Spring and Autumn" and have nothing to do with historical facts are obviously added later.
Meaning:
To read the Spring and Autumn Period, you must read the Three Biographies, but the text of the Three Biographies cannot be understood without annotations. From the Han Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, there were countless people who annotated the text or studied its essence, but the basic annotations should be the commentaries on the Thirteen Classics. Zuo Zhuan, preliminaries of Jin and Du Dynasties, and Shu Yingda of Tang Dynasty. Gongyang Zhuan, annotated by He Xiu in the Han Dynasty, and Xu Yanshu in the Tang Dynasty. Biography of Gu Liang, annotated by Fan Ning of Jin Dynasty, and written by Yang Shixun of Tang Dynasty.
Each of the three biographies and commentaries has its own rules. It is convenient to study the classics and biographies according to the rules, but you cannot be biased and self-righteous. "Spring and Autumn" is a masterpiece of Confucius. Confucius's knowledge is all-encompassing, but the meaning of Spring and Autumn is far from simple. Therefore, when studying the Spring and Autumn Period, not only should we not limit ourselves to any one of the modern and ancient texts, but we should also explore the Yi Li poems and books to get a glimpse of the true meaning of the saints.