1.
Knowledge is life, and life is knowledge. It is advisable to seek knowledge based on actual daily diet, not relying exclusively on books.
In general, knowledge can be divided into the knowledge of paper and the knowledge of things. To treat knowledge, we need the attitude that "knowledge of worldly affairs is knowledge, and knowledge of human relations is knowledge". Bacon said: "Various learnings do not teach us their own uses. How to apply these learnings is a kind of wisdom other than learning and above learning." That is to say, learning needs to be connected with daily life, and two They cannot be completely different. How to contact? In Wang Yangming's view, it is the unity of knowledge and action, while Zuo Zongtang's method is "to observe personally."
2.
It is easy to guide people with understanding, but very difficult to strengthen their memory.
In Liang Qichao’s view, the human brain and cerebellum are responsible for understanding and memory. The cerebellum's memory is fixed, while the brain's understanding can be understood more deeply after being inspired. The fundamental difference between people and things is that people have brains and can understand the truth, and memorizing and reciting is also for the ultimate understanding. Therefore, in the author's opinion, learning is roughly based on understanding and comprehension, with memory as an assistant. To put it in one sentence, if you simply learn the skills by taking notes, it is a filling self-education; and if you can draw inferences from one instance and draw analogies, it is a heuristic education.
Liang Sicheng once recalled: "My father never forced us to passively accept many things and concepts. Instead, he often asked us many questions. Through heated discussions, he inspired our thinking and provided guidance on key points. Let We draw our own conclusions and understand the truth."
3.
Reading should not rely on notes. Zhu Zi said that he should be like an old official who is in prison and never miss a word. Whenever a scholar reads, he must read. Find out the reason of each sentence deeply, and focus on self-explanatory discussion. Over time, the triggers will become more numerous, and the insights will advance on their own. Confucian classics and Confucianism are especially important. If you don’t take notes, you will not be careful. If you are not careful, you will read but not read. ”
Doing learning is always inseparable from copying or taking notes. Taking notes will always feel a slight impression imprinted in the mind, which is different from reading or reading in a blink of an eye. If you read it again Or do some research related to it, and these materials will jump to the paper, just like raising an army for a thousand days and using it for a while. Taking notes is like doing research on animals and plants. If not, it is difficult to say what inventions he will make. . Another example is a sailor who travels around the world every day, but he cannot summarize his experience just by walking without writing notes.