as the name implies
[Explanation] Put the fire in a cage at night to make it vaguely like a phosphorus fire, and at the same time imitate the fox. This is a story about Chen She and Guangwu launching a large-scale uprising under the guise of foxes and ghosts. Later, it was compared to planning an uprising.
2. High mountains and flowing water (Yu Boya, Zhong Ziqi)
El Pais
[Explanation] Metaphor is a bosom friend or bosom friend. It is also a metaphor for the beauty of music.
[Source] Liezi Tang Wen: "Boya Guqin aims to climb mountains, and Zhong Ziqi said,' Well, I am like Mount Tai. "For running water, he said,' Well, the ocean is like a river.' "
3. Call a deer a horse (Zhao Gao)
zhǐlùwéI mü
[Explanation] Pointing at a deer, he said it was a horse. Metaphor deliberately turns black and white and confuses right and wrong.
[Source] "Historical Records of the First Qin Emperor": "Zhao Gao wanted chaos, fearing that the ministers would not listen, so he set up a checkpoint first, offered a deer in the second place, and said,' Ma Ye.' II smiled and said,' Is the Prime Minister wrong? Call a deer a horse. Left ask right ask, left ask right ask, or silence, or say Ma Yishun Zhao Gao. "
4. Chickens are called thieves to steal (diners help Meng Changjun escape)
Jie Ming gu Dao
[Explanation] Ming: Call; Steal: steal. Refers to insignificant skills. It also means sneaking around.
[Source] The Biography of Meng Changjun in Historical Records records that the ambassador of Changjun was detained when he went to Qin, and Meng Yi, a diner, dressed as a dog, sneaked into Qin camp, stole the white skin of the fox and presented it to his concubine to show his affection for Meng. When Meng fled to Hangu Pass, he ordered the pursuit. Another diner pretended to be a chicken, told all the chickens to sing together, and cheated the city gate, so Meng was able to escape back to Qi.
5. Dig the wall and steal the light (Kuang Heng)
Zhao Benshan
[Explanation] It turns out that Kuang Heng in the Western Han Dynasty dug holes in the wall to attract his neighbors to study by candlelight. Later, it was used to describe poverty and hard work.
[Source] "Miscellanies of Xijing" Volume II: "Kuang Heng's words are childish, and he studied hard without a candle, but he couldn't catch a candle nearby. Balance is to send its light through the wall and read it with a book that reflects light. "
6. Desperate (Jing Ke stabbed Qin)
Tuqin beixi' an
[Interpretation] Figure: Map; Poor: exhausted; See: Now. In the end, the truth or intention is revealed.
[Source] The Warring States Policy Yance III: "The King of Qin said,' From now on, take the map held by Wu Yang.' I picked up the photo and gave it to him. Send a picture, the picture shows the dagger. "
7. Burn your bridges (Xiang Yu)
F Pei Chen Zhu
[explanation] metaphor is determined to go all out.
[Source] "Historical Records of Xiang Yu": "Xiang Yu got the reward, led the troops to cross the river, all sank, broke the kettle, burned the house, and showed three meals, all of them will die, and no one will return."
8. Please enter the urn (Lai Junchen)
Qingnanjiang
[Explanation] Urn: A kind of pottery. It is a metaphor to punish yourself by punishing others.
[Source] "The Emperor was awarded in the second year after the Tang Dynasty": "Xing said:' This is easy! Take a big urn and put the prisoner in the middle. Why not? "Shuai Chen is a big urn, and it is as hot as a law. Because of it, he said,' If there is an internal impetus, please come to this urn.' Fear, fear, kowtow, crime. "
9. Jiang Lang is exhausted (Jiang Yan)
Jiang lang Cai ren
[Explanation] Jiang Lang: The guide flooded the river. Originally, there were not many literary names for Jiang Yan, and there were no good sentences in his later years. Metaphor talent decline.
[Source] "Biography of Southern History Jiang Yan": "Flooding is a five-color pen in my arms and is given to you. Later, there was no beautiful sentence in poetry, and people called it the most. "
10. Forget it (Liu Chan)
Leib ·shǔ incarnation
[Explanation] I am very happy and don't miss Shu. Metaphor is to have fun in the new environment and no longer want to return to the original environment.
[Source] Biography of the Three Kingdoms Shu Shu Di Wang Pei Songzhi quoted Hanshu Jin Shu Chun Qiu: "Ask Zen:' Do you miss Shu?' Zen said:' I am happy here, but I don't think about Shu. "
1 1. Baked glutinous rice with beans (Cao Zhi)
Zhǔ· Pei Dolan Kui
[explanation] burning: burning; Wax: beanstalk. Boil beans with tofu as fuel. Metaphor brothers kill each other.
[Source] Shi Shuo Xin Yu Literature in the Southern Song Dynasty: "Wendy wants to make Dong Wang E write a poem in seven steps, but if she fails, she will do Dafa. The answer is a poem saying:' Boiling beans is soup, soaking beans is the method, burning beans under the kettle and crying beans in the kettle are born from the same root. Why bother frying beans? The emperor was deeply ashamed. "
12. An armchair strategist (Zhao Kuo)
Zhang Daqian
On paper. Metaphor is empty talk, which can't solve practical problems. It is also a metaphor that empty talk cannot become a reality.
【 Source 】 Records of Historical Records, Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru records that Zhao Kuo, the son of Zhao She, a famous soldier of Zhao State in the Warring States Period, studied the art of war when he was young, but his father could not beat him in military affairs. Later, he succeeded Lian Po as Zhao Jiang in the Battle of Changping. I only knew how to act according to the art of war, but I didn't know how to be flexible. As a result, I was defeated by Qin Jun.
13. Decline again and exhaustion three times (Cao Gui debate)
I have the final say
[Explanation] Exhaustion: Exhausted. Refers to the repeated consumption of strength, which has been attenuated and exhausted.
[Source] "Zuo Zhuan Zhuang Gong Ten Years": "The husband fights and is brave. Make a big noise, then decline, and then exhaust. "
14. Cattle herding Liu Ma (Zhuge Liang)
Cattle herding Liu Ma originated from the story that Zhuge Liang used cattle herding Liu Ma to transport grain and grass during the Three Kingdoms period in China history.
15. Xanadu (the world written by Tao Yuanming)
Nothing happened.
[explanation] originally refers to the ideal state of being isolated from the real society and living comfortably. Later, it also refers to a place with quiet environment and comfortable life. It refers to a utopian beautiful world that is divorced from reality.
[Source] Qian's "Peach Blossom Garden" describes a beautiful place that is isolated from the world and has not been harmed by people.
16. Join the army (zhangqian)
tóu bóng róng
[Explanation] Join the army: Join the army. Throw away the pen and join the army. Refers to the literati joining the army.
[Source] The Biography of Ban Chao in the Later Han Dynasty: "If a gentleman has no other ambition, he should still serve Fu Jiezi and Zhang Qian in a foreign country to get a title. Can it last long? "
17. Work hard (Gou Jian)
I love you
[Explanation] Salary: firewood. Sleeping on straw still smells of bravery after eating and sleeping. Describe a person who works hard and strives for the best.
[Source] "Historical Records of the King of Yue Goujian's Family": "The king of Yue crossed the river and rebelled against the country. He was bitter and worried, and he dared not sit and eat."
18. Seize Wei to save Zhao (Sun Bin, Pang Juan)
I LOVE YOU
[Explanation] It originally refers to the method of the Qi army besieging Wei during the Warring States Period, which forced Wei to withdraw its attacking troops and saved Zhao. The latter refers to the tactics of attacking the enemy's stronghold behind the enemy's back and forcing the attacking enemy to retreat.
[Source] Biography of Historical Records and Sun Tzu Wuqi
Most people know this story, which tells the story of an intrigue between Sun Bin and Pang Juan, two apprentices of Wang Xu, the originator of the military strategy.
19. The whip was cut off (Fu Jian was defeated by the Battle of Feishui).
tóu biān duàn liú
[Explanation] Throwing all the whips into the river can cut off the current. Metaphors are numerous and powerful.
[Source] "The Sword of Jin Fu": "With my trip, throwing a whip at the river is enough to break its flow."
20. Stay out of the house (the story of Chu Jin's separatist regime in Zhong Er)
tubísān shè
[Explanation] Shed: In ancient times, three miles was used as a marching shed. Take the initiative to retreat 90 miles. Metaphor concession and avoidance, avoid conflict.
[Source] "Zuo Zhuan Xigong Twenty-three Years": "Chu Jin ruled the soldiers, met the Central Plains, and ruled the three families."
2 1. Looking at plums to quench thirst (Cao Cao)
Wang Mei Huan
[Explanation] The original meaning is sour plums. People who want to eat plums will drool and quench their thirst. Metaphorically, after the wish can't be realized, comfort yourself with fantasy.
[Source] Liu Yiqing in Shi Shuo Xin Yu in the Southern Song Dynasty: "Wei Wu lost his way in the battle, and the whole army was thirsty, so he said,' The day before yesterday, there was a great Meilin, who pardoned his son and quenched his thirst with sweet and sour.' When the foot soldiers smell it, they can get the source with their mouths full of water. "
22. The grass and trees are all soldiers (at the battle of water, Fu Jian was defeated)
My dream
[Explanation] Treat all the vegetation on the mountain as enemy soldiers. When people panic, they are suspicious.
[Source] "Jin Shu Fu Jian's Notes": "Fu Jian and Rong Rong went to the city to see that the weapons were neat and the soldiers were elite; Looking north at the grass forest in Bagong Mountain, Gu said Rong said,' This is also a strong enemy. "What's less," I was afraid. "
23. Back to Zhao (Lin Xiangru) from the city wall.
Wambichuao
Interpretation originally meant that Lin Xiangru returned He Shibi from Qin to Zhao in good condition. After the metaphor returned to the original intact.
24. Crossing Chencang (Han Xin Plan)
overnight
[Explanation] Crossing: Crossing; Chen Cang: The name of ancient county, in the east of Baoji City, Shaanxi Province. Metaphor is to achieve a certain goal by creating illusion. It is also a metaphor for adultery.
[Source] Yuan Anonymous's "Going to Chencang" is the second fold: "I can sneak past the Chencang Ancient Road with the plank road built in Fan Kuai. This Chu soldier doesn't know if he is wise, so he must arrange troops to guard the plank road. I cut the ancient Chencang Road and killed it unexpectedly. "
25. Pull the Mountain and Lift the Ding (Xiang Yu)
Prachuap Khiri Khan
[Explanation] Shoulder: Raise your hands. Pull up the hill and lift the heavy tripod. Description is very powerful.
[Source] "Historical Records of Xiang Yu": "The ability to lift the tripod is extraordinary." And: "So Wang Xiang is a sad and generous poet, and wrote a poem for himself:' If you pull out a mountain, you will be angry with the world, and if it is unfavorable, you will not die.' "
26. The hanging beam is biting (Su Qin, Sun Jing)
Xu anliang g incarnation
Describe [explain] studying hard.
[Source] The Warring States Policy Qin Ce I: (Su Qin) If you want to sleep while studying, you will stab yourself. "Taiping Magnolia" Volume 363 quotes Hanshu: "Sun is a treasure of literature, eager to learn, and never stops in the morning and evening. He was tired from sleep, so he tied his head with a rope and hung it on the beam. Later, it was a great scholar. "
27. Too many books (Emperor Yangdi)
impenetrable defence
[explanation] exhausted: exhausted, finished; Bamboo: Bamboo slips used for writing in ancient times. There are too many descriptions of crimes to finish.
[Source] "Old Tang Book Li Mi Biography": "The bamboo in Nanshan is not poor; Resolving the waves in the East China Sea is difficult to shed evil. "
At the end of Sui Dynasty, Emperor Yang Guang of Yang Di was brutally ruled, wanton and wanton, engaged in large-scale construction, and suffered years of war and peasant uprisings. As early as Emperor Yang Di's time, the idiom "There are too many books to finish" means that it is difficult to finish writing bamboo slips when all the bamboo forests are cut down. Metaphor is extremely sinful and endless. Exhausted: Empty and exhausted. Bamboo slips: refers to bamboo slips. Book: write
28. Be furious (stealing feet, Lin Xiangru)
I was so angry that my hair stood on end
nōfàchng guán
[explanation] refers to standing up straight with angry hair and wearing a hat. Describe extreme anger.
[Source] "Zhuangzi Stole Foot": "The great anger of stealing foot is like a star, and it is crowned." "Historical Records Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru": "It seems to support the wall and lean on the column, and it is angry and rushing to the crown."
29. Self-recommendation (Mao Sui)
máo suízíJian
[Explanation] I recommend myself. This is a metaphor for volunteering and recommending work.
【 Source 】 Records of the Historian Biography of Ping Yuanjun recorded that they besieged Handan, the capital of Zhao State, and went to Chu State for help. The diners at the door automatically asked to go with them. When he arrived in Chu, he stood up and showed his interests. The king of Chu sent troops to save Zhao.
30. Lao Ji Fu Yong (Cao Cao)
Rozhforli
[Explanation] Ji: A good horse, a swift horse; A manger for horses. An ambitious person is old, but still ambitious.
[Source] Three Kingdoms Cao's poem "Out of the Summer Gate": "The old horse crouches in the tiger, aiming at a thousand miles."
3 1. Full of sweet words (Li)
A thousand years of harmony
[Explanation] Words are sweet, but Fan Li has harmful thoughts. Describe the cunning and cunning of two-faced people.
[Source] "Zi Tongzhi Ji Jian Tang Xuanzong Tianbao First Year": "The world said that Li Fulin had honey in his mouth and a sword in his belly."
32. Do your best (Zhuge Liang)
I don't know what you're talking about.
[Explanation] Bow: Bend down to show respect and caution; Exhaustion: do your best; Has: stopped. It means diligent, dedicated, and die.
[Source] The Three Kingdoms Zhi Shu Zhuge Liang's "Model": "I have done my best and died."
33. Wear a yellow robe (Zhao Kuangyin)
Juan Paw Hitchin
[Explanation] After the Five Dynasties, Zhao Kuangyin defected in Chen Qiao, and his subordinates clothed him with a yellow robe and made him the son of heaven. After the metaphor of a successful coup.
[Source] The History of Song Dynasty: "Expose the blades of various schools and list them in the court, saying,' The army has no owner, and it is willing to make Qiu the son of heaven'." No, some people wear yellow clothes, and Mao's body is worshipped and shouted for a long time. "
34. A willing son can teach (Sean)
once again
[Explanation] It means that young people can cultivate.
[Source] Shi Hou: "My father went to the graduate school and came back and said,' I can teach you.' "
Sean was a native of the late Qin Dynasty. Because the assassination of Qin Shihuang failed, he fled to Xiapi to hide.
One day, Sean met an old man in rags on a bridge. When the old man saw Sean, he threw his shoes under the bridge and said to Sean, "Young man, go down and help me pick them up." Sean got off the bridge and picked up his shoes. The old man said, "Put it on for me." Sean knelt on the ground and put on his shoes. The old man smiled and walked away. He walked a long way and came back to Sean and said, "You young man can teach! See you on the bridge in the morning in five days. "
Five days later, early in the morning, Sean came to the bridge, but the old man had already arrived first. He blamed Sean for coming late and told him to come back in five days. The second time, the chicken named Sean rushed to the bridge, but the old man arrived first. This time the old man lost his temper and told him to come back in five days. This time, Sean came in the middle of the night, waited for a while, and the old talent came back. The old man was very happy. He gave Sean a book and told him that it was very useful to read it. When Sean came home, he found it was a book about the art of war. He studied day and night, and later helped Liu Bang to make suggestions and unify the world.
"A willing son can teach" means that children can teach. Later, it was described that young people are promising and can be made.
From "Historical Records Twenty-fifth Family")
35. The Golden House hides the charming (Chen Ajiao)
Jian 'an County
[Explanation] Jiao: Originally refers to the cousin of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. When Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was young, he loved Gillian and said that he wanted her to live in the Golden House. It refers to letting beloved wives and concubines live in a gorgeous house. Also refers to concubinage.
[Source] Han Bangu's Hanwu story: "If Gillian is a wife, she will be saved as a golden house."
36. The talent of seven steps (Cao Zhi)
Hello, hello.
[Definition] Describe quick thinking.
[Source] Nan Yiqing's "Shi Shuo Xin Yu Literature": "Wendi wants Dong Wang E to write seven steps of poetry, and those who fail will do Dafa; The answer is a poem:' Boil beans for soup and simmer them for juice; Glutinous rice is burned in the kettle, and beans weep in the kettle; We are born from the same root, so why should we speculate with each other! The emperor was deeply ashamed. "
37. Luoyang Paper Expensive (Zuo Si)
paper is dear in Luoyang ―overwhelming popularity of a literary work
[Explanation] Metaphorical works are valuable and widely circulated.
[Source] "The Book of Jin Zuo Si Biography": "Therefore, famous families compete to write, and Luoyang is also expensive."
"Luoyang paper is expensive" comes from the biography of Zuo Si in the Book of Jin.
There was a famous writer in the Western Jin Dynasty named Zuo Si, who was born in Linzi, Shandong Province. Zuo Si was born in poverty, not good at making friends, ugly and stuttering. First he studied calligraphy, and then he specialized in piano, but he didn't achieve much. His father Zuo Yong was very disappointed. Once, in front of him, he said to his friend, "Zuo Si's study can't keep up with my childhood!" "
This incident greatly stimulated Zuo Si. From then on, he decided to study hard and finally wrote a good article, which was famous for its gorgeous words. At this time, Zuo Fen, Zuo Si's sister, was selected by Emperor Wu of Jin to enter the palace because of her outstanding appearance and talent, and Zuo Si came to Luoyang with her family. Seeing the spectacular bustling scene of Kyoto, Zuo Si came up with the idea of writing Sandu Fu (Sandu refers to the capital of Wei, Shu and Wu). Since then, Zuo Si has been puzzling over this poem "Sandu Fu", almost to the point of forgetting to eat and sleep. He hangs paper and pens everywhere in the room, in front of the hall, in the corridor and even in the toilet, and writes down every good sentence. In this way, after ten years, Sandu Fu was finally completed. At first, it was not valued by the people at that time, but was recommended by celebrities such as Huangpu Mi and Zhang Hua, so rich children rushed to preach and write books, and even the price of Luoyang paper became more expensive. Later, people used "Luoyang paper is expensive" to describe articles and works, which was widely circulated.
38. Bian Wei's Three Musts (Confucius)
Vebien Thorne Jouet
[Explanation] Bian Wei: Tie bamboo slips together with ripe cowhide ropes; Three: divisor, which means many times; Absolutely: broken. The leather rope for weaving bamboo slips was broken three times. Metaphor is studying hard.
[Source] "Historical Records Confucius Family": "Reading" Yi ",Wei compiled three musts."
Confucius liked reading Zhouyi in his later years.
There was no paper in the Spring and Autumn Period, and words were written on pieces of bamboo slips. A book uses a lot of bamboo slips, and these bamboo slips can only be read if they are woven together with cooked cowhide ropes. Usually roll it up and put it away, and open it when you look at it. The Book of Changes is difficult to understand and obscure. Confucius read it over and over again. In this way, the cowhide rope of bamboo slips has been worn off many times (Bian Wei Sanjue).
Even after reading these, Confucius was still not satisfied, saying, "If I can live a few more years, I can know more about the words and contents of Zhouyi."
"Bian Wei's Three Musts" describes diligent study.
This story comes from Historical Records Confucius Family.
39. The more the better (Han Xin)
Du Du, Han Yang
[explanation] will: command, command. The more metaphors, the better.
【 Source 】 According to Records of the Historian and Biography of Huaiyin Hou, Liu Bang asked Han Xin how many soldiers he could take. Han Xin replied: "The more officials, the better."
40. Burning books against Confucianism (Qin Shihuang)
Finn schenken Lu
[explanation] burn: burn; Pit: burying people alive; Confucianism: refers to a scholar. Burn books and bury Confucianism.
[Source] Han Kong Anguo's Preface to Historical Records and Biography: "Qin Shihuang destroyed ancient books, burned books and buried Confucianism, and all the scholars fled."
4 1. I was overjoyed (Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty)
A person's life
[explanation] means to do great things and make great contributions, whether conditions permit or not. Often used to describe grandiose style.
[Source] Luo Songmi's "The History of Taoism and the Past" Volume 4: "The emperor of the former Han Dynasty was so happy." "Ji Zan Shu of the New Emperor Taizong": "As far as it is concerned, it is the master's consistent way to love more, rebuild the pagoda, be overjoyed, and stay away from it diligently."
42. Dream pen gives birth to flowers (Li Bai)
Meng Panchen Lama
[Explanation] Metaphor writing ability has made great progress. Also described the article as excellent.
[Source] Wang Renyu's "Kaiyuan Tianbao Dream and Flower Heritage" in the Five Dynasties: "When Li Taibai was young, peanuts were used in dreams, and later they were geniuses, and they were famous all over the world."
43. An old horse knows the way (Guan Zhong)
Lomositu
[Explanation] The old horse knows the way. Experienced people are familiar with things.
【 Source 】 《 Everything is done by Han Fei-zi on Lin 》: "Guan Zhong and Peng Ji cut solitary bamboo from Huan Gong, and spring came back to winter, so they lost their way. Guan zhong said:' the wisdom of an old horse can be used.' Is to release the old horse and follow it. Get the news. "
44. Cao Gui debate
G Pei zuk
[Explanation] A drum: the first drum beat; Work: cheer up; Qi: Courage. When I played drums for the first time, my morale was greatly boosted. It is a metaphor to summon up energy when you are full of energy and finish the work in one breath.
[Source] "Zuo Zhuan Zhuang Gong Ten Years": "The husband fights and is brave. Make a big noise, then decline, and then exhaust. "