The ruins of the Five Kingdoms City in the Jin Dynasty are cultural relics protection units in Heilongjiang Province.
Go north for two miles along the willow-lined Tongjiang Road in Yilan County. On the left side of the road stands a two-meter-high stone tablet with the seven characters "Ruins of Five Kingdoms City in the Jin Dynasty" engraved on it. . A few steps further west you will enter the land of Liao and Jin 800 years ago. According to historical records, the site where the second emperor Huiqin of the Northern Song Dynasty "sit in a well and look at the sky" is located here.
The Five Kingdoms City is one of the Five Kingdoms (cities) in the Liao Dynasty. Because Yilan is the hometown of Yue Liji, and is located in the westernmost part of the Five Kingdoms, it is an alliance city, so Yilan Five Kingdoms City is called the "Five Kingdoms Head City". In 1956, it was designated as a provincial key cultural relics protection unit. Today, only the remains of the city wall remain in the Five Kingdoms City. Judging from the outline of the city wall, the city is rectangular, 850 meters long, 450 meters wide, and 2,600 meters in circumference; the city wall is 5 meters high, 10 meters wide at the bottom, and 1.5 meters wide at the top. Because it was destroyed and abandoned for so long, it is impossible to verify where the city gate is.
In the early years of Jingkang (1126), the Jin soldiers captured Tokyo (now Kaifeng, Henan), captured the second emperor Huiqin and more than 3,000 people from his clan, and headed north. In 1130 (the fourth year of Jianyan in the Southern Song Dynasty), they arrived at Hulu in the Kingdom of Jin, now the Five Kingdoms City of Yilan, and began their long and humiliating career of "sitting in a well and looking at the sky". By 1135 (the fifth year of Shaoxing in the Song Dynasty) and 1156 (the twenty-sixth year of Shaoxing in the Song Dynasty), the two emperors Huiqin and Qin died successively in Five Kingdoms City, ending this famous tragedy in Chinese history.
Huizong of the Song Dynasty loved painting and calligraphy since he was a child. He was a famous figure in meticulous landscape painting of flowers and birds. Some of his paintings are still collected in the Palace Museum in Beijing. His calligraphy "Thin Gold Calligraphy" is unique and self-contained, and is famous both at home and abroad. A generation of emperors who were addicted to romantic affairs and were extremely talented were reduced to prisoners. He was depressed, sad, angry, and heartbroken, and wrote many poems, all of which were sad. The widely circulated song "Heartbroken" expresses the loneliness and desolation of this "romantic emperor" and the sadness of being unable to return home: "The west wind shakes the door all night long, and the lonely shadow of depression is dim. Looking back three thousand miles from home, There are no geese flying to the south of the sky. "The title of his "Yanshan Pavilion" is "Going North to See the Apricot Blossoms", which is also a sad writing:
Cut the ice silk, lightly stack it several times, and the cold rouge is even. Note. New and beautiful makeup, gorgeous and fragrant, shameful to kill Ruizhu palace maid. It is easy to wither, and even more ruthless wind and rain. Sorrowful! I wonder how desolate the courtyard is, how many springs and evenings have passed? How could these two swallows, so far away and filled with so much hatred, meet people's words? The sky is far away, the earth is far away, thousands of rivers and mountains, where do you know where the Forbidden City is? Why don't you think about it, except in dreams, sometimes you go there. There is no evidence, and the dream is new to me.
This poem describes the process of the blooming and withering of apricot flowers to express the author's longing for the luxurious life in the palace in the past. It is said that this poem is Huizong's final poem when he was imprisoned.
The legend that the two emperors of Huiqin "sit in a well and look at the sky" has always attracted people's attention, and there are many stories about it. One theory is that he was imprisoned in the courtyard of Daotaifu Yamen (i.e., the heart of the Siheyuan). This theory is inconsistent with the facts. "Sitting in a well and looking at the sky" happened 800 years ago. At that time, there was no Taotai Yamen in Yilan, and there were no brick and tile houses. Imagine if they lived in the courtyard, how could they survive the severe winter of about minus 40 degrees Celsius? Another theory is that they were imprisoned in a dry well in the backyard of the Deputy Capital Office of the Three Surnames. According to historical records, the two emperors of Huiqin brought many people with them and met each other sometimes; "History of Jin" records that the Jin Dynasty once gave salaries, food and clothing to the two emperors. There are various indications that Huizong's theory of "sitting in a well" is not credible. Moreover, there were no good buildings in Yilan at that time, and people's living conditions must have been quite difficult. It was possible that the second emperor lived in a cellar or a simple house at that time, because his poems also have the words "shake the door open" ", "Yi Deng Wei" description. "Sitting in a well and looking at the sky" can only be a metaphor.
A majestic feudal empire was defeated by the slave-owning Jin Dynasty. This cannot but arouse people's deep thought. I don’t know what else to sigh about the ghosts of the two emperors of Hui and Qin for nearly a thousand years! In any case, today, we will use artistic means to reproduce the smoke of beacon fires on the ancient battlefield, inspiring people to meditate on history and put it into action. Realize the Chinese nation’s dream of becoming a powerful nation for centuries.
Transportation Guide
Scenic Area Address: Two kilometers north of Tongjiang Road, Yilan County, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province
Bus route: Take the Harbin to Yilan Road Take the county shuttle bus, then take a minibus or taxi.
Self-driving route: Start from Harbin and drive 252.1 kilometers on the Hartong Expressway. Get off the expressway at the Yilan exit. Enter S308 on the left and drive 530 meters. Turn right onto Tongjiang Road and drive 330 meters. Turn left onto Nan Drive 520 meters on Ba Street, turn right and drive 790 meters, enter Wuguocheng Road and drive 3.4 kilometers, turn left and drive 390 meters, go straight and enter S101.