Idiom allusion 1 peep at the leopard in the tube
[since ancient times]
translate freely
Looking at the leopard through the small hole in the bamboo tube, you can only see a stripe on the leopard. Metaphor only sees a small part of things, which means that what you see is not comprehensive, or your income is very small. Sometimes used with "visible spots", it is a metaphor to infer the whole picture from the observed parts.
Wang Xianzhi, the son of Wang Xizhi, a famous calligrapher in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, was very clever when he was young. When I grew up, I became a famous calligrapher, and I was called "two kings" with my father. But he is not proficient in chess.
Once, he saw several people playing with cattails and said, "You are going to lose."
The man gave him an unhappy look and said, "This child is like watching a leopard from a pipe. He only saw one spot on the leopard, but he couldn't see the whole leopard. "
Wang Xianzhi was furious when they said this about himself, and said, "I am ashamed of Xun and Liu Zhenchang." Throw away your sleeves and go.
Wang Xianzhi said: "I am ashamed of Xun Qianfeng and ashamed of Liu Zhenchang." The explanation of two sentences, Xun in ancient times and Liu Zhenchang in modern times, I am only ashamed of these two people, not as good as them.
Being commented by a humble pupil, Wang Xianzhi was deeply ashamed and regretted not being interrupted near, so he had words like "far shame" and "near shame".
The idioms "Peeking at a leopard in a tube" and "Leaving at a glance" all come from this.
Peeking at a leopard in a tube means seeing only a small part of things, which is one-sided and inaccurate, and seeing a small part can infer the whole picture. Philosophically speaking, we can see that the universality of things is obtained through the particularity of things, while looking at the leopard in the tube only sees the particularity of things without exploring the universality.
Idioms and allusions II. Get ready.
Pinyin:
Yang Baihui
Explanation:
Suffer: misfortune, disaster. If you are prepared in advance, you can avoid disaster.
Idiom story:
On one occasion, twelve countries, including Song and Qi, jointly attacked Zheng. Seeing that his country was short of troops, the monarch of the State of Zheng hurried to the State of Jin for mediation. The State of Jin readily agreed, so he quickly negotiated with the twelve countries and asked them to stop attacking the State of Zheng. The twelve countries were afraid of the powerful state of Jin, and though they were reluctant, they had to retreat.
In order to thank the State of Jin, the monarch of Zheng sent messengers to the State of Jin with many beautiful women, musical instruments and musicians. Jin Wengong was very happy to receive these gifts, and gave half of the beautiful women to the hero Jiang Wei. Unexpectedly, Jiang Wei not only refused, but also advised Jin Wengong not to be careless when the country was strong, but to forget that he was in danger. He should think of the difficulties and dangers that the country may encounter when enjoying himself, so as to be ready to deal with them at any time. Duke Xiang of Jin felt very reasonable and accepted his suggestion.
Idiom allusions 3 three-inch golden tongue (sā n cê n zh and shé)
Metaphor is eloquent, eloquent. Sleek is used to describe people who are good at arguing and arguing.
In 257 BC, Qin Jun surrounded Handan, the capital of the State of Zhao, and the King of Zhao sent Ping Yuanjun to the State of Chu to ask for reinforcements, and at the same time made a joint covenant against Qin. Ping Yuanjun decided to take 20 soldiers with him, but after selection, one person was still missing.
Later, a man named Mao Sui recommended himself. Ping Yuanjun felt that she didn't remember much at ordinary times. After questioning him, he reluctantly agreed to go with him
The seemingly unremarkable Mao Sui is actually a talkative person. When he arrived in Chu, he talked about world affairs with his peers 19, and everyone admired his knowledge and eloquence.
On the day of Ping Yuanjun's meeting with King Chu Ping, they talked from morning till noon, but no result was reached. 19 The public guest was very anxious and volunteered to go to the temple to see the situation.
Mao Sui walked leisurely up the steps according to his sword. The king of Chu looked down on him and asked him to retire, but he strode up to the king of Chu with a sword in his hand and said, "Your majesty dared to be so rude to me in front of his master, but only because of the strength of the Chu army." But now you are less than ten steps away from me, and the king's life is in my hands. It's useless to have more Chu troops. "
Then, from history to reality, the relationship between Chu and Zhao is seriously analyzed ... which shows that Zhao sent envoys to fight against Qin to save Chu, not just for Zhao himself.
The king of Chu thought Mao Sui was right, so he held a signing ceremony with Heping Yuanjun. In this way, the joint anti-Qin incident was successfully completed.
After the party returned to Zhao, they talked about this contribution. He said with emotion: "I will never talk about identifying talents again." I have identified thousands of talents, at least hundreds. Those people in the world who think they are really capable can't escape my eyes, but they just don't realize Mr. Mao Sui's talent. When Mr. Mao arrived in Chu, he regarded Zhao's position as more important than national treasures such as Jiuding. Mr. Mao's words to Chu are better than millions of masters! "
Since then, Mao Sui has been highly valued by Ping Yuanjun and regarded as a VIP.
Idiom allusions. Eating is not enough.
At the end of the Warring States period, there were Qi, Qin, Chu, Yan, Han and Wei. Among them, Qin, one of the seven chivalrous men, is the most powerful, and it often invades other countries. One year, King Huiwen of Qin sent an envoy to see him, threatening: "If Chu does not obey Qin, Qin will send troops to attack Chu. Chu Weiwang was furious after hearing this, and ordered the emissary of Qin to be deported. However, Chu Weiwang is anxious because of its lack of strength. What should we do if Qin sends troops to invade? At this moment, lobbyist Su Qin (former Prime Minister of Zhao and Hou of Wu 'an) came to worship him and urged Zhao, Wei and other countries to jointly fight against Qin. Chu Weiwang was very happy and said, "Thank you very much for your clever plan. I am fidgeting about this matter, and I will do it according to your plan now. "
Study and explain ancient works.
Gan Wei: I feel good. I feel tasteless when I eat it Describe something in your heart or your health, and your food doesn't smell good.
source
"Seven Strategies of the Warring States Policy": "The king of Qin is afraid of it and can't sleep well."
The idiom "city fox club rat" means a bad person who relies on the strength of others to do evil.
This idiom comes from the Book of Jin. Xie rolled around and said to him, "Honesty is the beginning of disaster, and the city foxes and rats are also."
There was a left general named Wang Dun in the Jin Dynasty, and his chief historian was Xie Juan. They often talk about things in court together. One day, Wang Dun said to Xie Bao, "Liu Kun is a wicked man who does many evils and endangers the country. I want to drive this wicked man away from the king and let him serve the court. Do you think so? "
Xie Kun thought for a moment, shook his head and said, "Impossible, Liu Kun is really a bad man, but he is also a city fox and mouse! If you want to dig a fox, I'm afraid you will break the wall; Rats should be smoked with fire, or drowned with water, for fear of destroying shrines and temples. Now this Liu Kun is like a fox in the city and a mouse in a social temple. He is a trusted minister around the king and has considerable influence. I'm afraid it's not easy to get rid of the king with his backing. "
Wang Dun listened to Xie Lola, although unhappy, but also had to forget about it.
Idiom Allusion 6 Dark Story: During the reign of Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty, Zhu Hongxiang, the magistrate of Xuyi County, was promoted to the governor of Fujian and Zhejiang. He has been in Guangdong for less than half a year, which has made Guangdong province good and bad.
However, before Zhu Hongxiang arrived in Guangdong, many business travelers here died, but the murderer could not be found, and all of them became headless grievances. For example: Zhu lost his master and servant; Wu lost his master and servant; Xie's men and women lost their lives. These people died because the murderer cut open their stomachs, put stones in them and sank into the water.
It is said that upon Zhu Hongxiang's arrival, the city god decided that he was an honest official and told him that the above-mentioned murder case was committed by an old dragon.
After hearing this report, Zhu Hongxiang went to Laolongjin in northeast Guangdong to catch the murderer. As a result, he arrested more than 50 boatmen. After the trial, it was found that they lured the guests to their own boat in the name of going on a business trip by boat, then put Mongolian medicine or burned incense to make them unconscious, and then started to gut the guests and sink them to the bottom of the water. These boatmen formed gangs, which made the local society extremely dark.
Darkness means: describing the social darkness under the rule of reactionary forces.
Allusions in idioms. Intimate allusion: After Fu Wangmang, Emperor of Han Ping, usurped the Han regime, peasant uprisings broke out in various places, among which the Red Eyebrow Army and the outlaw heroes were the most powerful. In 23 AD, the peasant army fought a decisive battle with Wang Mang's 420,000 troops in Kunyang (now Yexian County, Henan Province). One of them, a general named Liu Xiu, was very active. This battle, follwed defeat, almost completely annihilated. Soon, the peasant army invaded the capital and killed Wang Mang. Liu Xuan of the royal family was honored as the son of heaven, while Liu Xiu was named Xiao Wang because of his great contribution.
Liu Xiu is a very shrewd man. He doesn't want Liu Xuan to be emperor. On the north bank of the Yellow River, Liu Xiu expanded his power while attacking the scattered peasant army against Liu Xuan. In AD 24, Liu Xiu defeated the Red Eyebrow Army in Weizhou and Puyang, and incorporated the surrendered troops. The commander of the surrendering army was Liehou, and other officers with troops also appointed official positions.
However, these surrendered officers and men were very uneasy and worried that they would be wiped out by Liu Xiu in the future. Seeing their heart disease, Liu Xiu took an unexpected measure: he ordered every general to return to the old headquarters and take charge of the original military forces; He only took a few followers to inspect the surrendered troops, and did not guard them to show his absolute trust in them. When these surrendered officers and men saw that Liu Xiu regarded them as one of their own, they immediately dispelled their doubts and said to each other, "Xiao Wang has taken out his heart and put it in someone else's stomach. What else can we worry about? " Shouldn't you go through fire and water for him? "Therefore, the officers and men are very obedient to Liu Xiu. The original words in "The Biography of Emperor Guangwu of the Later Han Dynasty" are: "Xiao Wang confided in his heart, so An did not report his death! "
According to this history, later generations summed up the phrase "confide in your heart" as the idiom "confide in your heart".
Idiom allusions: the origin of eight idioms
The item "On the Garden Mountain" said: "On the day when the item was first sealed, I wore a jade coat and a jade sword and stood on the flowing water. The doctor holds the bell hammer county, who is called to cross the king under the order? Doctor Zhuang Xin of Chu said he was (happy), so he made a request to show his respect. He stood up and said,' I'd like to hold your hand, but can I?' Item got angry without saying anything. Zhuang Xin moved his hands and said,' You don't know about boating in the new wave, do you? Sitting on the boat, it's really like the Pyrenees, with green (xi) and rhinoceros tail, while the class (Gui) knows the sound of bells and drums, and even the singles (Yi) embrace and sing. The lyrics say:' I am careless, I am careless, I am sincere, I am sincere, I am sincere, I am sincere, I am sincere, I am sincere, I am sincere, I am sincere, I am sincere. "Hubei gentleman Xi said,' I can't sing, so I will try to say it for me. So Zhao Yue translated, and Chu said,' Why? What's the occasion on the boat? What day is it today? You must be in the same boat as the prince. I'm ashamed. I don't deserve my humble opinion. My heart is stubborn and uneasy, and I know the prince. There are trees in the mountains and branches in the trees. My heart says (Yue), I hope you don't know. "So, a gentleman in Hubei, Nai (Yu), hugged him and embroidered the quilt. Xi, a gentleman in Hubei, is closely related to the mother and brother of the king of Chu. He is the official and the master. He's on the list and has to have sex. Why is this gentleman more than Mr. Hubei? Why am I not alone in the list? I am willing to hold your hand? Xiang came in holding hands and said, "I tried to call me an elder by color when I was young, but I have never met such a soldier." From now on, I would like to be strong and young, and I sincerely order. " "
Explanatory usage
Xi, the son of the E army, is the younger brother of the King of Chu. He is young and beautiful. Vietnamese boatmen saw his beauty and sang praises to him. Xi used embroidery to express his closeness to them. Later, this code name was used to refer to handsome men; It is also used to refer to Toy Boy who treats others with color.
Classical form
Embroidered quilt Tang Li Shangyin: "The brocade curtain rolls Mrs. Wei first, and the embroidered quilts pile up more and more." Liu Song: "The dress is still unsolved, and the embroidered quilt has been piled up." Chen mingzilong: "the embroidery burns incense at night, and there is a breeze on the surface."
Ren Jing, Huang Qing, Ezhou: "Remember the rainy night in Ezhou, sleeping with embroidered quilts; Pengcheng Buddhist Temple gives betel nuts. "
Embroidered quilt Zheng Xie: "Mrs. Nantang gave a gold quilt, and Mr. Bei Tang" Xianggong "embroidered the quilt."
Embroidered quilt: Wu Jun of Nanliang: "If you want to embroider quilt, many people will stay."
Jealous of Ewen: "Boshan incense is about to become a cloud, and Jin Duan is jealous of Ewen."
Tang Piri's Fu Written by the King of E: "Even Qian Jin is in a gloomy mood, and Jing Si is more talented in Fu Written by the King of E."
Don Lu Guimeng's The Boat of the Equn: "Zhu looks back, but slightly looks back at the boat of the Equn." Xu Ming: "There are several Xiang girls on the other side, and there are thousands of ships in the middle."
Yue Eqiu and Liu Xiaoyun said, "It's sadder in the morning than in the evening."
Cui Beijun Shi: "I'm swimming. I want to see Cui Beijun."
Tang Han Yi, Woman on the Boat: "Who is meeting the sunset? There is a horse on Han Qing's boat. "
Embroidered Jin Huan Yuan Haowen asked: "Embroidery has not lost its fragrance, and the tears of brocade are still red and wet."
Embroidered quilt cover Wu Song Wheat Garden: "How about the sorrow of a distant guest? Embroidered with Vietnamese songs. "
Song Qian said, "The moths embroidered the cover to gather virtue, and Xun made the smoke stove cold and fragrant." Qing Qian: "Who is the singer embroidered by E Jun? Let's try a game of chess in front of the light. "
Tang Gu Kuang's "Yue Ren Cui Bei": "Yue Ren Cui Bei today is an independent riverside grass garden."
Idiom allusions 9 frogs at the bottom of the well
suggestion
Zhuangzi Qiushui tells the story of a frog in a shallow well and a turtle in the East China Sea. One day, a frog in a shallow well saw a chinemys reevesii in the East China Sea and said happily, "I'm so happy!" " Jumping around the well when you come out, and resting in the cracks in the wall bricks when you go in; When I jumped into the well, the water soaked my armpits and cheeks; If you swim to shallow water, the mud soup will slip. I own a well, and neither crabs nor tadpoles can compare with me. Why don't you come down and have a look? "
The turtle in the East China Sea came to the well, and its left foot was stuck in the stone knee before it went in. The tortoise in the East China Sea retreated slowly, and then told the shallow well frog what the sea was like: "It is not enough to explain the vastness of the sea with words thousands of miles away;" It is not enough to measure its depth with the word as high as 1000 feet. When Dayu flooded in ten years and nine years, the sea water did not increase much; At seven o'clock in the morning when Shang Tang was eight years old, the sea didn't decrease much ... "The frog in the shallow well was dumbfounded, frightened and lost something. It doesn't think there is a bigger world than its well!
Belong to the dynasty
the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period
source
Zhuangzi Qiushui: "The well frog can't talk to the people in the sea, but stay in the air."
Study and explain ancient works.
A frog in the well can only see a day as big as the wellhead. Metaphor is a narrow-minded person.
Idiom allusion 10 Buy bamboo slips and return pearls.
suggestion
He is from the State of Chu and has a beautiful pearl, which he intends to sell. In order to get a good price, he tried his best to package the pearls. He felt that with noble packaging, the "identity" of pearls naturally rose.
The Chu people discovered the valuable Mulan, and invited skilled craftsmen to make a box (that is, a bamboo raft) for the pearl, and smoked the box with cinnamon spice. Then, on the outside of the box, many beautiful patterns were carved and inlaid with beautiful metal lace. It looks shiny. It's really a delicate and beautiful handicraft.
In this way, the Chu people carefully put pearls into boxes and took them to the market to sell.
Soon after arriving at the market, many people gathered around to admire the Chu people's boxes. A Zheng people hold the box in their hands and can't put it down for a long time. Finally, he paid a high price for the Chu people's box. Zheng paid the money and came back with a box. But he came back after a few steps. The Chu people thought that Zheng people regretted returning the goods. Before the Chu people could finish thinking, Zheng people had come to the Chu people. I saw Zheng people take out the pearls in the open box and give them to Chu people, saying, "Sir, you left a pearl in the box, and I came back to return it." So Zheng gave the pearl to the Chu people, then looked down at the wooden box and went back.
The Chu people stood there awkwardly with the returned pearls. He thought others would appreciate his pearls, but he didn't expect the exquisite outer packaging to exceed the value in the box, so that "a presumptuous guest usurps the host's role" made the Chu people laugh and cry.
Study and explain ancient works.
Zheng people only pay attention to appearance and ignore essence, which makes him make improper choices. The "over-packaging" of the Chu people is also somewhat ridiculous.
The idiom is "1 1".
suggestion
Once upon a time, there was a farmer in Song State. He thought that the seedlings in his field were growing too slowly, so he was worried all day. One day, he went down to the field with a hoe. He felt that the rice seedlings didn't seem to grow up at all, so he thought hard about how to make the rice grow taller.
Suddenly, he had a brainwave. Without hesitation, he rolled up his trouser legs and jumped into the rice field, and began to pull up the seedlings. In the evening, the farmer finally finished what he thought was a clever masterpiece, ran home triumphantly and couldn't wait to tell his wife, "Tell you an amazing thing, I thought of a good idea today, which made the rice seedlings in our field grow a lot taller." The farmer's wife was dubious and asked her son to go to the field to see what was going on. My son heard that the rice at home had grown taller and flew to the field excitedly to see it. At this time, he found that although the rice seedlings were tall, they hung down tree by tree and were about to wither.
Study and explain ancient works.
This story tells us that we should never learn from the peasants of the Song Dynasty. Everything has its order. If you just want to finish it early, you will destroy its order. In the end, we won't finish ahead of time, but we will accomplish nothing.