Jinnong 1
Jinnong (1687- 1764) is known as the longevity gate and the winter heart. He has dozens of nicknames in his life. He is a native of Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. He is knowledgeable and versatile. Poetry and prose works, serious study of ancient times, rich collection, good at traveling, rich in writings. At the age of 50, he went to Beijing to take the exam, but failed, so he gave up his career. Living in Yangzhou, selling paintings for a living. Jinnong is famous for his clothes. No matter from the depth of understanding, the style and height of his works, the breadth and thickness of his knowledge, he is the leader of the times and incomparable to other painting schools in Yangzhou. Therefore, Jin Nong is an outstanding representative of Yangzhou Eight Schools and an important figure in the history of China fine arts.
Jinnong's style of official script is calm and bold, strange and generous, with a faint & gt shadow of <<'s day and night >>,<'s horizontal room and north >>,<'s summer north >>, Zheng Zhi. This kind of shadow is not so obvious and prominent, which is the Excellence of Jinnong. On the one hand, he is a person who likes ancient times, as if he were a Han Chinese living in the Qing Dynasty. On the other hand, he is also a person with strong self-awareness and almost conceited and narcissistic complex. The combination of the two makes his works reach the realm and height that all of them are Han Chinese and all of them are our own. His advanced aesthetics and orientation are sometimes strange, which is also reasonable.
Yang Shoujing said: "Winter Heart is separated from previous life, and it is not bound by predecessors, so it has its own way. However, I thought it would be a normal school or a magic road. " This is really a wonderful idea for some people who imitate its appearance and learn from others. This is especially true for works with strong personality characteristics. However, we should also see that among the painters who have influenced Qi Baishi's artistic spirit and style, compared with the Eighth National Congress and Wu Changshuo, Jin Nong is more profound and his nature is more in line with Jin Nong. Add some folk art elements and secular care to the artistic orientation. Therefore, good scholars take people's souls, mediocre history only learns skins, and those who learn from me live like I die. This is the inspiration of Jin Nong's art to later generations.
2. Ji Zheng
The rise of epigraphy in Qing Dynasty ended the dominance of "Tiexue" for nearly a thousand years, injected new vitality into the weak calligraphy circle, opened a new chapter in the history of calligraphy, and entered an era in which seal script was the mainstream calligraphy style. The creation of official script in Qing Dynasty, which lasted for 300 years, is another peak after Han Dynasty, among which Zheng Zhi, Jin Nong, Deng and Yi Bingshou are the representatives.
Zheng Dan (1622- 1693) was born in Nanjing, Jiangsu. Practice medicine as a career, never be an official. When I was young, I was determined to learn official script. The earliest student was Song Biyu, a calligrapher in the late Ming Dynasty. After studying for 20 years, I realized it in middle age. So I searched everywhere and studied the Han tablet until my later years. In order to visit the Han stele in Shandong and Hebei, I spent all my money collecting rubbings of the Han stele. There are four cabinets for storing rubbings of Han steles. Kong is here, too
Zheng Gengguang studied the Han stele & gt because of its basic posture and style. On this basis, dissolve into running grass. Compared with some characteristics of other Han steles, the artistic style of official script was formed in his later years, which was the first peak of official script creation in the past 300 years in the Qing Dynasty.
Zheng Zhi's calligraphy style and artistic thought had a great influence on later generations, especially on Gao, Jin Nong, Gao Xiang and others, the representatives of Yangzhou School of Painting. It is no exaggeration to say that Zheng Zhi's official script creation has influenced him for a century!
3. Deng Shiru
Deng (1743- 1805), formerly known as Yan, has a stone-like character. Because of avoiding the taboo of Renzong, he changed his personality to a stubborn man, named Wanbaishan, from Huaining, Anhui. He was born in a poor family and dropped out of school at the age of nine to make a living. Introduced by Liang Wenshan, I met Mei, a great collector, and lived in Mei's house for eight years. During this period, he read all the inscriptions and stone tiles in Qin and Han Dynasties. Follow one's heart, study hard, get up early every day, polish one's plate, sleep at night, and have no rest in cold and heat, which has laid a solid foundation for Deng's art and is an important link in his art history. His books are good in all aspects, and the official script is the greatest achievement. His works are well-organized, the stone opens the way, and the knife method is vigorous and simple, with great achievements and wide influence.
As far as calligraphy skills are concerned, Deng is the most diligent calligrapher in the Qing Dynasty. His pen can lift the tripod and his writing style is perfect. However, due to the limitation of his education and artistic talent, his works inevitably reveal some traces of craftsmen, black, big, bright and colorful. Lishu has a more Tang style. In grasping the spirit of the Han people, it is not as good as other schools. His works can't be said to be Gog, but a skilled calligrapher, which is top grade in form.
Deng's life tells us that he is the first professional calligrapher in the history of calligraphy in China.
4. Yi Bingshou
Yi Bingshou (1754- 18 15) has similar word groups, with the numbers Mo Qing and Moan. Qianlong was a scholar in fifty-four years and was born in Ninghua, Tingzhou, Fujian. In charge of the punishment department. Wailang was a magistrate in Huizhou and Yangzhou, Guangdong Province, and was fond of painting, printing and painting. He is the author of Poems of Liu Chun Caotang.
Yi Bingshou's official script gives people a feeling of looking up to the great sage in the mountains, and its characteristics can be summarized in four words: positive, big, simple and clumsy. "Positive" is positive. On the one hand, it is the positive pulse and mainstream fashion in the history of official script creation, and there are also factors of personality spirit. From Yi's works, we can see the official script reappearance of Yan Zhenqing's spiritual outlook. The strength of personality supports his artistic style, and behind the solemn temple atmosphere is a frank and open history of clean government, in which the style of books, that is, personality, is best interpreted. "Big" refers not only to the volume of the work, but also to the temperament and meteorology of the author. "Jane" is an obvious symbol of Yi calligraphy, and it is also his conscious aesthetic pursuit. It is square, evenly distributed, and straight and white, which weakens the decorative pen characteristics of some official scripts, such as wave picking, silkworm head and phoenix tail. This work gives a clear and direct impression. Simple but not monotonous, concise and meaningful, this is the ability of easy. The ability to summarize and control complexity with simplicity. His logo also embodies the word "clumsy", which is more appropriate to correspond to the art of Yi, which is a high-level artistic aesthetic realm.