1. The whole poem: If you don’t drink, you will be drunk, and your heart will return to Anfa. When I return home, I still think about the court curtain. How can I comfort my loneliness now? Climbing high and looking back across the slope, I saw the black hat appearing and disappearing. In the bitter cold, you are wearing thin clothes and riding a thin horse alone under the waning moon.
Passers-by sing and make people happy, but the servants blame me for being miserable. I also know that life should be different, but I am afraid that time will pass by. The cold lanterns remind each other of the past, when will the rain at night sound desolate? You know this meaning and must not forget it. Be careful not to love high official positions too much.
Translation: I have never drank alcohol before, so why do I suddenly feel dizzy and confused? My heart has left with your fading figure. On the lonely journey home, you can miss and accompany your old father at home, but I am walking in the wilderness of a foreign land, what can I use to comfort the loneliness in my heart?
Standing on a high place and looking at your figure returning to the capital, I can only see your black hat flickering in and out. Worrying that your clothes are too thin, riding a skinny horse back alone, you will feel so lonely under the cold waning moon. Some people were singing happily while walking on the road, but I was so miserable that even the boy servants were surprised.
I know there are always differences in life, but I’m just afraid that time will pass too quickly. Tonight, with the cold lights facing each other, will you think of the vows we made to meet each other in Huaiyuan Station? When can we listen to the bleak night rain together? I hope you will not forget the meaning of retiring early and live leisurely, and don't be greedy for officialdom.
2. Notes on words and sentences
Xin Chou: that is, the sixth year of Jiayou (1061). At that time, Su Shi was ordered to sign a contract in Fengxiang, and his father stayed in Beijing to compile ritual books. His younger brother Su Che (Zi You) was sent to Zhengzhou and then returned to Beijing to serve his father.
Hu Wei: Why. Wuwu (wù): drowsy appearance. Guiren: refers to Su Che. Tinggui (wéi): the residence of parents, this generation refers to Su Xun.
Black Hat: Black Hat. In the Tang Dynasty, nobles wore black gauze hats, which were later used by everyone. The black gauze hat later became the daily attire for leisurely life, referred to as the black gauze hat.
Yi Qiu (qiú): summer clothes and winter fur. It may refer specifically to fur or generally to clothing. Erratic: describes the passage of time very quickly.
Chou (chóu) 西: the past. Desolation: The sound of vegetation being blown by the autumn wind. Bitter love: long-lasting love.
3, Appreciation
The first four sentences of this poem touch on the subject with abrupt strokes, directly expressing the deep feelings of parting. Why did he feel so drowsy without drinking alcohol? It turned out that the poet's heart had followed his brother Gui'anchi to Bianjing, which immediately highlighted the state of being in a trance due to separation. The heart is returning to the saddle, and the love and family affection are heavy. "Returning to others" is compared with "now me", adding another layer.
The younger brother ("Guiren") is about to see his relatives and still misses them. He has been away from the court since then, and it is even more difficult to bear the pain of missing his relatives. This contrasting technique further highlights the pain of separation.
The four lines of "Climbing high" express the feeling of missing my brother after farewell. Climbing high and looking up, the black hat of the traveler appears and disappears due to the obstruction of the slope. I am also worried that my brother is riding alone at night because of the cold weather and his thin clothes. From the actual scene in front of me to the thoughts in my heart.
In the last two sentences, the poet is even more considerate of his younger brother. In the "bitter cold" sentence, he is afraid that he will catch cold on the way home; It also highlights the cold and lonely atmosphere after farewell. The sentence "Bitter Cold Nian Er" inherits the development of "But Jian Wu Mao".
"But seeing the black hat" means that neither the man nor the horse can be seen, but because "the heart is returning to the saddle", all the invisible people can imagine: it is bitterly cold in winter, it is early morning again, the frosty wind is biting, But the younger brother is "thinly dressed" and "riding a thin horse alone on the waning moon", how can it not be sad! First "see" and then "think", the virtual and the real complement each other, the wonderful thing is that he does not say that he feels "sad".
"Passenger" writes the reasons for his misery in four sentences. It uses "passers-by singing and enjoying themselves" as a strong contrast, and then the "child servant" speaks, "blame me for being miserable." Other pedestrians on the road sang and laughed happily, and residents living on the roadside even reunited with their families to enjoy family happiness. Use this to contrast yourself, and your writing will make waves.
The "child servant" beside him went to take office with him, and he was in a very happy mood. He thought that the master who was about to take office would be even more elated; but seeing that the master's expression was so "sad", he felt "strange" , the writing is even more exciting. The last two sentences are "the reason why Ming Dynasty is 'miserable and miserable'" (Wang Wengao's "Su Haizhiyu"). "Use others as a contrast, and then use self-exculpation and worry.
The last four sentences are to alleviate the erratic years, imagine the future, and look forward to an early reunion. "Cold lights" and "night rain" are memories of the past." The words "it rains at night on the bed", "you know" and "be careful not to" emphasize leaving early so that you can fulfill your promise.
The "cold lantern" sentence is the memory of the brothers' gathering in the "past" (the past); the "night whisper" sentence is the hope for the future reunion.
The two sentences "Jun Zhi" are words of agreement: Do not fall in love with high officials, so as not to hinder the happy gathering of brothers. The so-called "there is a saying of 'night rain on the bed'" refers to the fact that in the autumn of the sixth year of Jiayou (1061), when the brothers took the imperial examination and lived in Huaiyuanyi, they had a windy and rainy night. They read Wei Yingwu's poems and felt that they were about to leave. , so we agreed to leave early.
4, from - Su Shi of the Northern Song Dynasty, "Xin Chou wrote a poem and sent it to Ziyou immediately after he and Ziyou left the west gate of Zhengzhou on November 19th."
"On November 19th, Xinchou and Ziyu immediately wrote a poem and sent it to him outside the west gate of Zhengzhou after parting ways." is a poem written by Su Shi, a litterateur in the Song Dynasty. This is the earliest handed down work written by Su Shi to his younger brother Su Che, expressing the love between brothers and sorrow of separation.
This poem first writes about the mood when parting, then writes about the concern for the other person's figure, then writes about the sad feelings and the passage of time, and finally writes about the memories of the past and expectations for the future. The whole poem is full of deep feelings and twists and turns, fully expressing the brothers' inseparable feelings.
Extended information:
About the author
Su Shi (January 8, 1037 - August 24, 1101), courtesy name Zizhan and Hezhong, Tieguan Taoist and Dongpo layman, known as Su Dongpo and Su Xian in the world, [1-3] Han nationality, from Meishan, Meizhou (Meishan City, Sichuan Province), native of Luancheng, Hebei Province, famous writer, calligrapher and painter in the Northern Song Dynasty . ?
In the second year of Jiayou's reign (1057), Su Shi became a Jinshi. During the reign of Emperor Shenzong of the Song Dynasty, he served in Fengxiang, Hangzhou, Mizhou, Xuzhou, Huzhou and other places. In the third year of Yuanfeng (1080), he was demoted to the deputy envoy of Huangzhou Tuanlian due to the "Wutai Poetry Case". After Zhezong of the Song Dynasty came to the throne, he served as a Hanlin bachelor, a bachelor of attendance, and a minister of the Ministry of Rites. He also went to Hangzhou, Yingzhou, Yangzhou, Dingzhou and other places. In his later years, he was demoted to Huizhou and Danzhou because of the new party's rule.
After being granted amnesty by Emperor Huizong of Song Dynasty, he returned to the north, but died of illness in Changzhou on the way. During the reign of Emperor Gaozong of the Song Dynasty, he was given the posthumous title of "Wenzhong" as a posthumous gift to the Grand Master.
Su Shi was a literary leader in the mid-Northern Song Dynasty and made great achievements in poetry, lyrics, prose, calligraphy, and painting. His writing is bold and unbridled; his poems are broad in subject matter, fresh and vigorous, good at using exaggerated metaphors, and have a unique style. Together with Huang Tingjian, he is called "Su Huang";
His prose writings are grand and bold. Together with Ouyang Xiu, he is called "Ou Su" and is one of the "Eight Great Masters of Tang and Song Dynasties". Su Shi was good at calligraphy and one of the "Four Masters of the Song Dynasty"; he was good at literati painting, especially ink bamboo, strange rocks, dead wood, etc. His works include "Dongpo Seven Collections", "Dongpo Yi Zhuan", "Dongpo Yuefu", "Xiaoxiang Bamboo and Stone Picture Scroll", "Old Trees and Strange Stones Picture Scroll", etc.
Su Shi made extraordinary achievements in the creation of Ci. In terms of the development of a literary style itself, Su Shi’s historical contribution exceeds that of Su Wen and Su Shi. Following Liu Yong, Su Shi carried out a comprehensive reform of the style of Ci, finally breaking through the traditional pattern of Ci being "Yanke", improving the literary status of Ci, and transforming Ci from an accessory to music into an independent lyric poem. Style, fundamentally changed the development direction of Ci history.
Su Shi's transformation of Ci is based on his concept of Ci poetry integrating poetry and Ci and his creative idea of ??"unique". Since the late Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties, Ci has been regarded as a "little way". Although Liu Yong dedicated his life to writing Ci and promoted the development of Ci style, he failed to improve the literary status of Ci. Su Shi first theoretically dispelled the concept that poetry is superior and Ci is inferior.
He believes that poetry and poetry have the same origin and belong to one body, and words are "the descendants of poetry." Although poetry and words have differences in external form, their artistic essence and expressive functions should be consistent. Therefore, he often compares poetry with words because he compares words with stylistic concepts.
Su's poems relatively completely show the author's mental journey from positivity to contradiction and depression, his constant pursuit of transcendence and self-adaptation, and his wildly romantic, sentimental and thoughtful personality. Following Liu Yong and Ouyang Xiu, Su Shi further moved the lyrical characters in his lyrics from separation to unity.
Su Ci not only expands to the inner world, but also to the external world. Different from the narrow life scenes expressed in the poems of literati in the late Tang and Five Dynasties, Su Shi not only vigorously described the author's daily communication, leisurely reading, farming, hunting, sightseeing and other life scenes in his poems, but also further showed the magnificent scenery of nature. .
Su Shi used his own creative practice to show that there is nothing that cannot be written about words, and there is no intention that cannot be included. Ci, like poetry, has the function of fully expressing social life and real life.
Because Su Shi expanded the expressive function of words, enriched the emotional connotation of words, and expanded the time and space scenes of words, thus improving the artistic taste of words, introducing words into the palace of literature in a dignified way, and making words go from " "Xiaodao" has been elevated to a lyrical style that has the same status as poetry.
Baidu Encyclopedia—Su Shi