Appreciation of Tang Bohu's Peach Blossom Poems

Tang Yin (1470- 1523), whose name is Bohu, is the owner of Taohua Temple. In his later years, he believed in Buddhism and had six nicknames, such as lay man. People from Suzhou, Jiangsu. Give priority to township experiments (Xie Yuan). Later, he was involved in the fraud case in the examination room, and his fame and fortune were frustrated, and his family was in trouble and experienced ups and downs. In the second half of his life, he built a "Peach Blossom Temple" in Taohuawu, northwest of Suzhou City, which is famous for selling calligraphy and painting. Literature and art with Xu Zhenqing, Zhu Yunming and Wen Zhiming, named "Four Talents in Wuzhong". Tang Yin is "unruly and addicted to lewdness", calling himself "the first romantic talent in the south of the Yangtze River". He is knowledgeable, versatile, writes poetry and composes music, and is good at calligraphy and painting. He is an outstanding painter in the history of painting in China, and he is good at figures, landscapes, flowers and birds. Tang Yin's calligraphy is based on painting, mainly learning from Zhao Mengfu, but also influenced by Li Beihai. His brushwork is elegant and graceful, tactfully smooth, slightly light, soft and not crazy. Wang Shizhen commented: "Bohu entered Wuxing Hall, but he was weak." (Zhou Manuscript) The circulating ink includes poems from calligraphy, couplets and fallen flowers. Tang Bohu-"Song of the Peach Blossom Temple" The Peach Blossom Temple in Taohuawu, the Peach Blossom Fairy under the Peach Blossom Temple; Peach Fairy cultivates peach trees and picks them to sell wine. When I wake up, I just sit in front of the flowers, and when I am drunk, I come to sleep under the flowers; Half awake and half drunk day after day, flowers bloom year after year. I would rather die of old age than bow before horses and chariots; Cars and horses are rich and interesting, and hops are poor. If wealth is compared with the poor, one is in peace and the other is in heaven; If you compare poverty to horses and chariots, he will have to drive away my leisure. Others laugh at me for being crazy, and I laugh at others for not being able to see through; There are no graves of Hao Jie in Wuling, no flowers, no wine, and no hoes to plow the fields. Tang Yin was born in a merchant family, and his status was relatively low. Under the guidance of "making a name for himself", he studied hard and reached the age of 1 1, with excellent literary talent and good handwriting. 16 years old, scholar. At the age of 29, he participated in Yingtian Township Examination and won the first prize of "Xie Yuan". The following year, he went to Beijing to take the exam, and "fame and fortune" was just around the corner. Xu Jing, the landlord of Jiangyin who was driving the exam with him, secretly bribed the examiner's family and got the exam questions in advance. After the story was revealed, Tang Yin was also implicated in prison and was tortured and humiliated. From then on, conceited Tang Yin had a strong antipathy to the "perversion" of officialdom. Personality and behavior are unrestrained. Tang Yin made friends with fellow countryman "Crazy Life" Zhang Ling, and indulged in drinking regardless of various undertakings. Persuaded by his good friend Zhu Yunming, he studied hard and decided to take poetry and calligraphy as his career all his life. After that, I traveled to Zhu Rong, Kuanglu, Tiantai and Wuyi Mountain, boated in Dongting Lake and Pengben, and then returned to Suzhou. Believing in Buddhism in his later years, he lived in June 1st. He once wrote a poem blaming himself, saying that although a gentleman is not famous, he should be generous, so why should he be a prisoner? So he carved the seal of "the first romantic talent in Jiangnan". After being hired by Wang Ning Chen Hao of Nanchang, he found that Wang Ning had an anti-intention, so he pretended to be crazy and returned to Suzhou. From then on, he was bohemian and decadent. Tang Yin's personality is wild and uninhibited, but he is unique in painting. His brushwork is delicate and meticulous, with a chic charm. Most of his landscape paintings show majestic and steep mountains and rivers, pavilions and small bridges, beautiful mountains and rivers all the time, and some describe pavilions, gardens and the leisure life of literati. Landscape figure painting is magnificent, slightly beautiful and unique, with rich and diverse themes. Figure painting mostly describes the life and historical stories of ancient and modern ladies. Overall appreciation: The Song of the Peach Blossom Temple is the most famous poem in Tang Yin's poems, and it is a work of self-criticism and self-condemnation. "Taohuawu Taohuaan, Taohuaan Taohuaxian. The peach fairy breeds peach trees and picks them for drinking. " The first four lines, like a long "push" lens, suddenly present the fairy in a painting to the readers from far and near. In just four lines, six "peach blossoms" are used repeatedly, stacked repeatedly, linked back and forth, and colorful, and soon a world of flowers is piled up, which makes people fall into their own situation. The unhurried tone and speed of speech increase the reader's intimacy and curiosity: what kind of fairy life does this peach blossom fairy lead? In the next four lines, a beautiful picture of "drunken lying in the greenhouse" is unfolded: "When you wake up, you just sit in front of the flowers, and when you are drunk, you will come to sleep under the flowers. Half awake and half drunk day after day, flowers bloom every year. " You see how carefree and happy the Peach Blossom Fairy is. She enjoys flowers in drunkenness every year. Here, flowers and wine are not completely foreign things that poets are worried about, but just a part of their lives, or they have become independent individuals, and flowers, wine and people are integrated into a harmonious whole. The above words can be described as the author's own situation, vivid, vivid and meaningful. Tang Yin, a student who once fantasized that "Tian Shelang is the royal palace at dusk", disappeared, and so did the romantic wit who let life slip past him in the fireworks Liuxiang. After several years of debauchery, Tang Yin finally chose to escape from downtown, chose this paradise for himself, married Shen Shi, and began a relatively peaceful seclusion. Although there is no way to enter the official career, after all, I have something to support and live up to my prime of life. The beautiful scenery is easy to imagine, and I can sing a poem. "I hope I die of old age. I don't want to bow in front of the car." This sentence, which connects the preceding with the following, expresses the poet's interest: it is better to be happy and carefree in the wine room than to work hard for prosperity. "Cars, dust, Ma Gui, wine and flowers are poor." If you compare wealth with the poor, one is in peace and the other is in heaven. ""Car dust trail "is only the taste of the rich, while flowers and wine are destined to become attached to the poor. If measured by money and material things, the lives of these two kinds of people are very different, but from another angle, those rich people have to be nervous all the time and walk on thin ice carefully, while the so-called poor people can have more leisure and fun, but live more naturally, truly, easily and happily. The above six lines are all comparative descriptions, and the feelings are unfolding in a fierce collision. In each sentence, because of rhyme, the former is tight and the latter is loose, which fully shows the poet's arrogant personality and his detachment and liberation from being born in the world. However, the real meaning is not understood by everyone. Don't you see "people laugh at me for being crazy"? "I", however, disagreed: "I laugh at others and can't see it. "Don't you see those kings and princes who were once all-powerful and extremely rich are now? Not only is the body gone, but the situation has also fallen. Even the flowers and wine they despised before their death can't be counted on, and even the tombs are not guaranteed. If they know it in the sky, they can only watch the farmers plow the fields where they are buried. " I didn't see the tomb of Hao Jie in Wuling, no flowers, no wine and no hoe! "A word to an abrupt end, lingering aftertaste. The whole poem has distinct levels, simple and euphemistic language, and is almost a folk monologue. However, it is this kind of monologue that contains infinite artistic tension and gives people endless aesthetic enjoyment and strong sense of identity. It deserves to be the best in Tang Yin's poems. This also coincides with Han Yu's "weak voice of peace, wonderful voice of sorrow;" "Happy words are hard to write, but poor words are easy to write well" ("A Brief Talk on Singing and Preface to Poetry"). The two most prominent and impressive images in this poem are "flowers" and "wine". Peach Blossom was first seen in literary works, and Yao Tao, originally written in The Book of Songs Nan Zhou, was intended to express a free and unrestrained emotion. As soon as Tao Yuanming's Peach Blossom Garden came out, peach blossoms were more used to express their secluded feelings. In ancient times, peach also had the meaning of exorcising ghosts and evil spirits. "Peach" is homophonic with "escape" because of its meaning of avoiding the world. In Tang Yin's poems, the image of "peach blossom" appears frequently. Let me give you a few examples: if you don't board the emperor's ship, you can't sleep well. There is a small house outside Gusu, with thousands of trees and peaches all over the sky. ("Song of Wine to the Moon") Mulberry Leaf Luo and Zhe Ling Ye, Ling Ye Luo make up a graceful figure. Have a graceful demeanour covered in powder, singing and listening to peach catkins. ("Sangtu") The peach blossoms in the wild shops are low, and the spring scenery is mostly painting the west of the bridge. You are complacent and seek happiness, but the poem on horseback is lost. ("One of the Four Paintings") Flowers bloom all over the village dock, and the wind and smoke seem to be ancient in Taoyuan. Thousands of trees sing in the sun, and thousands of trees dance together in spring. (Taohuawu) Chai Men is clean and the front of the house is green. There is a picture in the middle, and peach blossoms are intoxicating. ("Twenty-four Paintings and Fifteen Poems") It is not difficult to see that the peach blossom images in the examples are all used to express seclusion and seclusion. "Wine" also occupies an important position in China ancient culture and ancient literati. It can be used not only to express tragic and generous feelings, but also to cherish the desolation, arrogance and maverick in the world. There were Liu Ling and Ji Kang in Jin Dynasty, "Eight Immortals Drinking" in Tang Dynasty, and "Asking the sky for wine" in Song Dynasty. In the Ming Dynasty, Tang Yin got drunk and fell asleep. Tang Yin was famous when he was alive. In addition to his prominent position in the history of painting, he also has unique achievements in poetry. His poems are true and simple, informal, widely used in spoken language and fresh in artistic conception, which is unique at that time. With its unique and extraordinary personality and artistic temperament, it gives a typical and vivid interpretation of that free and open era, which is almost absurd and chaotic. Content Appreciation: Tang Yin is brilliant and sharp-edged, but young and frustrated. After seeing through the officialdom, he spurned his official career and finally adopted the same lifestyle as many literati in China history: passive seclusion. This poem is a typical example of this idea. If it seems crazy and arrogant, it seems free and easy, but it also vaguely reveals a kind of loneliness in which the world is drunk and I wake up alone. Its deep-rooted talent and ambition can also be seen. Almost every sentence of skill appreciation is antithetical, and the whole poem is very neat, catchy to read, and has strong appeal and emotional impact; The first three sentences also use the thimble technique, which clearly describes the environment at the beginning of the poem, and at the same time, the technique is quite intriguing and fascinating in the context, which naturally brings out the latter part. There are no flowery words in the poem, just like Tang Yin's noble personality. Although Tang Bohu was a gifted painter with outstanding talents, ideals and ambitions in history, his cynical and arrogant personality was not suitable for this society. He had a rough life and died at the age of 54. The last poem he wrote before his death expressed his deep-rooted complex feelings of nostalgia for the world and resentment and world-weariness: "Being born in the dead is over, why not die in hell?" . Dead people are almost the same as dead people. You should only wander in a foreign land. "He is good at landscapes, figures, flowers and birds. His landscape paintings were studied by Chen Zhou in his early years, and then by Li Tang and Liu Songnian. He painted mountains and painted mountains with an axe, which was majestic and steep, but his pen was fine, his layout was sparse and his style was elegant. Figure paintings are mostly ladies and historical stories, inheriting the tradition of the Tang Dynasty, with clear lines, gorgeous and elegant colors, beautiful posture and accurate modeling; He is also a freehand brushwork figure, and his pen is concise and interesting. His flower-and-bird paintings are freehand and elegant. In addition to painting, Tang Yin also engaged in calligraphy, learning from Zhao Mengfu, and his calligraphy style was fantastic and handsome. There are some paintings that have been handed down from generation to generation, such as Riding a Donkey to Home, Singing in the Mountain Road, Mingming, Uncle Wang's Palace Prostitute, Li Duanduanju, Autumn Wind and Fan, and Qiuci Cuan. Tang Yin is also very accomplished in literature. Gong's poems have been written for many years, and his paintings and sentimental works express his wild and uninhibited mind and indifference to the world. Slang and slang are used in poetry, which is easy to understand and simple in meaning. He wrote the Collection of Six Confucian Laymen, and the Qing Dynasty compiled the Complete Works of Six Confucian Laymen.