There are many ways to read. Here are ten common methods.
(1) extensive reading
extensive reading means reading widely, covering a wide range of knowledge and having general knowledge. We should not only read books on natural science, but also books on social science. Excellent works of different styles at all times and all over the world should be widely read, so as to learn from others' strengths and open up new ideas. When Marx wrote Das Kapital, he studied 15 kinds of books and collected a lot of preparation materials through reading.
(2) Intensive reading
Zhu Xi said in "The Essentials of Reading": "Generally speaking, when reading, you must first familiarize yourself with it, so that everything you say comes from my mouth; After careful thinking, I can make my words come from my heart, and then I can save myself. " Here, "read carefully and think carefully" means intensive reading. In other words, it is necessary to read and think carefully, ponder and study repeatedly, analyze and evaluate at the same time, so as to understand thoroughly and understand the heart in order to absorb the essence. This method should be adopted for books and masterpieces of this major. Only by careful study and careful chewing, can the article be "more dug up, more researched and more refined". It can be said that intensive reading is the most important reading method.
(3) Read through
That is, read books, newspapers and magazines from beginning to end, and browse them once, in order to understand, read through and understand the whole picture, in order to get a complete impression and obtain the effect of "bird's eye view and panorama". This method can be adopted for more important books, newspapers and magazines.
(4) Skip reading
This is a skipping reading method. You can put aside the irrelevant contents in the book, grasp the bones and veins of the book, and focus on the views of each paragraph. Sometimes, when you encounter a question in reading, you can skip it and continue reading backwards when you can't figure it out after repeated thinking.
(5) Speed reading
This is a fast reading method, that is, Tao Yuanming advocated "good reading, not seeking for very understanding". You can use the advice scanning method ",a quick glance at the article, only to understand the general idea of the article. This method can speed up reading and expand reading volume, and is suitable for reading similar books or reference books.
(6) Skimming
This is a method of skimming. When reading, you can just flip through it and get a general idea; You can also grasp the key sentences of the comments, find out the main points, and understand the main facts or typical examples. This part of the content is often at the beginning or end of the article, so you can get a general understanding and achieve the purpose of reading by focusing on the title, introduction or end.
(7) Re-reading
Valuable books and magazines can not be read only once, but can be learned repeatedly, so as to "review the past and learn new things". Voltaire, a famous thinker and writer, thinks that "rereading an old book is like reunion of old friends". Repetition is the mother of learning. Repetitive learning is conducive to a deeper understanding of knowledge and an enhancer for deepening memory.
(8) Write and read
As the ancient saying goes, "Don't read without moving your pen and ink", and there is also a saying that "a good memory is not as good as a bad pen". Reading is combined with making excerpts, remembering experiences and writing articles, which can not only accumulate a lot of materials, but also effectively improve the writing level, enhance reading ability and transform knowledge into skills and skills.
(9) preface reading
Before reading, you can read the preface and examples, understand the outline of the content, make clear the program and purpose of writing a book, and read in a guided way. After reading, you can also read the preface and examples again in order to deepen your understanding and consolidate your improvement.
(1) Choosing reading
means choosing when reading. Throughout the ages, human cultural treasures are extremely rich. After all, a person's energy is limited. If you don't choose, you will not get good results if you study with your eyebrows and beard. You can combine your own situation, choose a targeted bibliography and read it, so as to achieve twice the result with half the effort.