At that time, Xiang Yu led his troops to the Western Expedition, slaughtered Xianyang, killed Wang Ziying and burned Qin Gong. The fire didn't go out for three months. Robbed the treasures and women of the Qin dynasty and went east. Wang Xiang was advised to say, "Guanzhong is surrounded by mountains and waters, and there are fortresses in all directions. The land is fertile, so it can build its capital and dominate." However, Wang Xiang saw that all the palaces in the Qin Dynasty were destroyed by fire. He missed his hometown and wanted to go back. He said: "Being rich without going back to your hometown is like walking in the dark in gorgeous clothes. Who knows? "
Chu River Han boundary: Xiang Yu and Liu Bang agreed to share the world equally, with the land in the west of the gorge belonging to Han and the land in the east of the gorge belonging to Chu.
Ming Xiu plank road secretly crossed Chencang.
At the end of Qin dynasty, the heroes rose up against Qin dynasty. Liu bang's troops first rushed into Guanzhong and attacked Xianyang. Xiang Yu forced Liu Bang to quit Guanzhong after he entered Guanzhong. Liu bang almost died at the hongmen banquet. After Liu Bang escaped from danger, he led his troops back to Hanzhong. In order to paralyze Xiang Yu, he burned all the plank roads leading to Guanzhong, indicating that he would never return.
In 206 AD, the increasingly powerful Liu Bang sent Han Xin to the East. Before the war, Han Xin sent someone to repair the burned plank road, pretending to go back from the original road. After hearing the news, the Guanzhong garrison paid close attention to the progress of the plank road and sent its main force to strengthen the prevention at the fortress pass along this road to prevent the Han army from attacking. Han Xin's plan to build a plank road really worked. Because it will attract the attention of the enemy. After the enemy's main force moved to the plank road, Han Xin immediately sent an army to bypass Chencang. Launching a surprise attack, defeating Zhang Han in one fell swoop and pacifying Sanqin took a decisive step for Liu Bang to unify the Central Plains.
Sun Bin was a famous strategist in the Warring States Period. When he was young, he studied Sun Tzu's Art of War with Pang Juan. Later, Pang Juan became a general of Wei, jealous of Sun Bin's talent, tricked Sun Bin into Wei, cut off Sun Bin's kneecap and made him disabled. With the help of Qi envoys, Sun Bin fled to Qi and became Qi Weiwang's strategist. The rescue of Zhao by besieging Wei was a famous battle in which Sun Bin commanded the Qi army to defeat Wei Jun led by Pang Juan and rescue Zhao.
In 354 BC, the powerful state of Wei attacked Zhao, and Pang Juan, the general of Wei, commanded the army to surround the capital of Zhao. The next year, Zhao asked Qi for help. Qi appointed Tian Ji as the general and Sun Bin as the strategist, and led 80,000 troops to come to the rescue.
Tian Ji had intended to directly lead the army to attack Wei Jun of Zhao. Sun Bin thought that the elite soldiers of Wei were attacking Zhao, and the country was empty. He advocated adopting flexible tactics, avoiding reality and avoiding emptiness, and marching straight into the girder of Wei's capital (now Kaifeng, Henan). As a result, Enemy at the Gates was under great pressure. Tian Ji adopted Sun Bin's strategy and led an army to attack Wei.
Pang Juan was very worried when he learned the news. He lost his food and came home from Zhao on a starry night. Sun Bin laid an ambush in Gualing (now northwest of Henan placanticline), the only place where Wei Jun returned home. When Pang misused Wei Jun who had led a long journey and was exhausted, the Qi army suddenly attacked and defeated Wei Jun. This battle was also called "The Battle of Guiling". In the history of war, this tactic is called "encircling Wei to save Zhao". From then on, Sun Bin became famous all over the world, and the world scrambled to tell his art of war.
Li Er seldom spoke when he was a child, but he was good at thinking and wanted to think everything clearly.
One day, Li Er and some friends were playing outside the village. There is a big pagoda tree here, and several people can't hold it together. They thought the tree was too strong to cover a large shade, so several people climbed it and shook it. There is a slender grass under the tree. Because I can't get the sun all the year round, I am yellow and thin, swaying in the wind and very thin.
Suddenly, the wind blew hard, the grass was blown to the ground, and the tree shook its body leisurely in the wind, as if to say, "How powerful I am!" " I'm not afraid of anything. "In a short time, with a dazzling flash of lightning and deafening thunder, the big pagoda tree broke, revealing white stubble. The children hiding on the side were too scared to speak. After the thunderstorm, Li Er and others came to the place where the pagoda tree fell, and saw the grass standing upright against the sun and dew, which seemed even more proud.
Li Er lost in thought.
Li Er came home and told the teacher everything he saw. Old Shang Rong opened his mouth and asked, "Is my tooth still there?" Li Er shook his head. Shang Rong asked again, "Is my tongue still there?" Li Er nodded his head. "The teeth are strong and the tongue is weak. Why did the old tongue survive and the teeth died? " Li Er seemed to understand at once, and loudly replied, "The tongue is long-lasting because of softness, and the teeth fall first because of strength. Is that right, teacher? " Shang Rong smiled. "You realize this truth. Not only the tongue and teeth, but also everything in the world. You understand this truth, that is, I have given you the most fundamental thing, and there is nothing more to tell you. " After listening to the teacher's instruction, Li Er thought that the hard and slippery bluestone slab under the eaves was scratched by water droplets; Think of many people who are competitive and lose everything, while the humble and polite people are retained; Some able-bodied people died young because they neglected nursing care. He also believes that people will become stiff after death, and it will be more difficult for people to put a shroud on him. However, the newborn baby's arms and calves look so soft and weak, but they are growing up day by day.
Li Er later summed up this truth with these words: "People are born weak and die strong. The life of vegetation is soft and brittle, and it dies and dries up. Therefore, the strong die and the weak live. "
East bed husband: Wang Xizhi was born in a famous family, and the teenager lost his father and was raised by his mother and brother. It is said that he began to learn calligraphy at the age of seven, which was one of the compulsory courses for gentry's children at that time. His father Wang Kuang has been an official abroad for many years. He used to be the magistrate of Danyang and the official of Zhu Nan, leaving early. Young Wang Xizhi is not good at words, and everyone doesn't pay much attention to him on weekdays. But when he was thirteen, something happened, which immediately caught everyone's attention.
On one occasion, he took all the people to see Zhou Kai, the minister of history. Zhou Kai praised the young Qingjuan at the first sight, thinking that she was unusual in the question-and-answer session, so she treated him differently among several guests sitting together. At that time, the custom took "roast beef heart" as the top grade of hospitality food. At present, people are offering "heart roast beef", and the others have not moved. Zhou Kaixian personally cut a piece for Wang Xizhi to taste, which is a special courtesy. The pet experience gained by sitting in the guest seat of a senior official's home made this boy who has been unknown and insignificant immediately famous. Wang Dun, one of his clansmen and powerful people, also said to him, "You are the best of our princes, and your reputation will not be worse than that of the future celebrity Ruan Yu. Ruan Yu also regarded Xihe as "the Wangs' three little", that is, one of the Wangs' three outstanding children.
During the Jin Dynasty, the relationship between famous families was intertwined, and intermarriage was an important way of contact. Wang Langya also has a marriage relationship with imperial clan Sima. Once, Jane sent someone to ask Wang Dao to choose a son-in-law from the Wangs. Wang Dao Du Zi's young sons and nephews, all handsome and personable, are all good candidates, so they are ordered to concentrate in the east wing and let the people find them themselves. After reading it, the matchmaker reported to Chi Jian, "The Wangs' young masters are all handsome people with gorgeous clothes and generous manners, but when they know that someone is going to propose, they are always a little pretentious. Only one person completely ignored it, as if there was no such thing, lying alone in the east bed, eating with an open stomach. Unexpectedly, after hearing this, Xi immediately decided: "This is the man. He is a good son-in-law I chose! "Ask again carefully, it is wang xizhi in the east bed open-minded. So Xihe married a wife and became an honored guest of Qiu's family. This story is recorded in detail in Biography of Wang Xizhi in the Book of Jin and Liang Ya, which is widely circulated among the people. Later, "Dongchuang" became synonymous with son-in-law. Mrs. Xi is a talented woman who is good at calligraphy. The husband and wife are like-minded, and they are also very attentive to their children's calligraphy education. Mrs Xi gave birth to seven sons and a daughter, who died first. There are "five famous people" among Xi's seven sons. Famous for their dedication, Xuanzang, Ning Zhi and Cao Zhi are all proficient in cursive script. Their youngest son gave it to them and later became a great calligrapher. They are also known as the "two kings" with their father, and the father and son enjoy a high reputation.
Northern Song Dynasty painter Wen Tong, word Gong neng, have answers. The bamboo he painted is well known, and many people come to paint it every day. Where is the secret of Wen Tong's painting bamboo?
It turned out that Wentong planted all kinds of bamboos in front of and behind his house. No matter spring, summer, autumn and winter, it is cloudy and rainy. He often goes to the bamboo forest to observe the growth and changes of bamboo, and figure out the length and thickness of bamboo branches and the shape and color of leaves. As soon as he has new feelings, he returns to his study, spreads paper and grinds ink, and draws his impressions on paper. Over the years, the images of bamboo in different seasons, different weather and different times have been deeply imprinted in his mind. As long as you concentrate on writing and stand in front of drawing paper, the various forms of bamboo observed on weekdays will immediately emerge in front of your eyes. So every time he draws bamboo, he looks very calm and confident, and the bamboo he draws is vivid and lifelike. When people praised his paintings, he always said modestly, "I just painted the mature bamboo in my heart." There was a young man who wanted to learn to draw bamboo. He heard that the poet Chao was very good at Wentong's paintings, so he asked for advice. Chao Bu Zhi wrote a poem for him, including two sentences: "You can use it to draw bamboo, and you have a plan."
This story comes from Su Shi's Notes on Yu Wen's Unforgettable Words in the Northern Song Dynasty. "Have a plan" means that you are fully prepared before doing things and are very sure of the success of things; It also means calm, very calm.
Imitate others and lose your personality.
This story tells that during the Warring States period, a young man guarding the tomb of Yan State went to Handan, the capital of Zhao State. When he saw the graceful walking posture of Handan people, he began to learn. As a result, he not only failed to learn well, but also forgot his original walking method and had to climb back to his hometown. Later, this story evolved into an idiom-Handan toddler, which means imitating others and not going home, but losing their original skills.
This is a widely circulated story. For a time, I often went to Handan. When my colleagues saw me, they joked and said, Look, you can't walk again. Did you go to Handan again? It seems that this is a story known to all women and children. It is a good thing to spread widely, but more importantly, we can't ignore the enlightenment of this story today. Nowadays, no matter the economic development or people's life, there is a serious tendency to copy the west and ignore their own characteristics, and the result is neither fish nor fowl.
There is a baby bridge in the center of Handan. It is said that Yan juvenile is learning to walk in Handan, which is here. The existing stone bridge was built in the Ming Dynasty, and now it is closed to traffic. Around the stone bridge, a citizens' leisure and entertainment square was built, and the stories of children were carved into sculptures to educate future generations. There are many inscriptions on the square, telling the history of Handan, and an irregular sculpture with idioms related to Handan engraved on it, which is entertaining and entertaining.
Offer a humble apology in the street not far from the railway station in the old city of Handan, there is a short alley-Guixiang, which is a narrow lane for Lin Xiangru to avoid Lian Po. Nowadays, many antique buildings have been built here, and the alley exists in name only, and the antique style has been completely lost, but a stone tablet has been set up in the alley, telling the story of offering a humble apology.
This is a story that was once selected as a middle school textbook. During the Warring States Period, Lin Xiangru, a civil servant of the State of Zhao, made a plan to resist the enemy of the State of Qin, so that his priceless jade returned to the State of Zhao intact, and went to Mianchi to argue with the king of Qin, in order to safeguard the dignity of the country, and was named Shangqing, above General Lian Po. Lian Po, a veteran who has repeatedly made meritorious military service, refused to accept it and threatened to be humiliated when he saw Lin Xiangru. When two people met in a narrow lane in a carriage, Lin Xiangru took the tail from wagging the dog and let his carriage leave the narrow lane to avoid Lian Po. Lian Po was deeply moved, so Lian Po went to Lin Xiangru's house with Vitex negundo. From then on, the two became friends of life and death, and Zhao was peaceful and the country was greatly boosted. This story also quickly evolved into an idiom, saying that you have the courage to admit your mistakes and sincerely accept the punishment of the other party. It is human nature to make mistakes. If you have the courage to admit your mistakes and accept punishment, you can get forgiveness and respect from others. This is a widely used idiom.
The area around Huichexiang is the old city of Handan, where there are many old houses and several deep houses, which were the compound of Handan municipal government organs during the Republic of China. Today, ordinary people live there. Although the house is old, the folk customs are still chivalrous. That day, I was wandering around the old street with my camera on my back. A middle-aged worker volunteered to show me around. Under his guidance, I saw the remains of the ancient city wall in Handan, the compound of the tax bureau and machinery bureau of Handan government during the Republic of China, and a humble land temple. The people in the old street are very comfortable. The students after school are laughing and slapping. There are no roaring cars, and occasionally there are hawkers' cries, as if it were a lifetime ago. However, the roar of demolishing bulldozers has been faintly heard, and I don't know how long this tranquility can be guarded.
The story of "Dream of the Wicked" has nothing to do with the Warring States Period, but takes place in Handan. It is said that in ancient times, a scholar named Lu went to Beijing to catch the exam and passed by the shop in Handan. He was down and out, frustrated, and lamented alone. He happened to meet Lv Dongbin who was passing by. Seeing this, he planned to enlighten him, so he gave him a porcelain pillow. After sleeping with a pillow, Lu Sheng began to dream that he married a beautiful woman from a rich family and was admitted to a scholar in Beijing. Then he made contributions everywhere and became prime minister. Dreaming of death, Lu Sheng woke up with a start and saw that the owner's yellow rice was not ripe.
This story originated from the legendary novel Pillow Story by Shen Jiji in Tang Dynasty. Later, both Tang Xianzu and Pu Songling explained this story, among which Lu Xian was later interpreted as Lv Dongbin. Now people use this idiom to describe an unrealistic and unattainable dream. But in my opinion, the author's original intention is to describe the wonderful and ups and downs that people may experience in their lives through a dream, and to express the negative and world-weary view of life as a dream. At the end of the story, it is said that after Lu Sheng woke up from his dream, he fully understood life and went to preach with Lv Dongbin.
Later generations built the Lv Xian Temple in Lu Sheng's Dream Shop. The earliest surviving relic is the Ming Dynasty stone carving on the front wall. According to legend, the stone carving "Penglai Wonderland" is written by Lv Dongbin, which is vigorous and free-spirited. Other halls, such as Zhongli Hall, Lvzu Hall and Lusheng Hall, have also been rebuilt recently.
In Lv Xian Miaodong Campus, there is a dream-themed museum. Ancient books and legendary "dreams", such as Zhuangzi's Dream Butterfly, Dream of Red Mansions and Conan's Dream, are all displayed in the form of paintings and explanations, which are vivid and interesting, as if they have entered the dream world, especially the paintings drawn by Chinese painting techniques are of high standard. If a comic book shows its contents when it is published, it will be popular.
I don't think the story of Khufu riding and shooting is an idiom, but at best it can only be an allusion. This allusion warns people not to rest on their laurels, but to learn from others and be brave in reform. For us in the process of social change, it has a more important warning role.
King Wuling of Zhao is an energetic monarch of Zhao. In the military friction with the surrounding conference semifinals, he found that the conference semifinals' shorts were very flexible in riding, so he advocated wearing conference semifinals' clothes and learning the fighting methods of conference semifinals' riding and shooting. To this end, he pushed aside the crowd, took the lead in putting on Hu clothes, learning to ride horses, practicing archery, and training himself, which made Zhao's military strength stronger and stronger, repelled the Hu people, wiped out Zhongshan, and became one of the "Seven Heroes of the Warring States".
Legend has it that Chajianling in the west of Handan City is the place where King Wuling of Zhao practiced "riding and shooting with khufu" and trained foot soldiers, and Congtai in Congtai Park in Handan City is the place where King Wuling of Zhao reviewed the army. Today, Congtai has become a landmark building in Handan. Many goods are named after Congtai, and the locals even gave me a bottle of Congtai wine.
In addition to reviewing and training, the cluster platform of "flowing east and purple gas coming from the west" is also a place for princes to rest and entertain. It is quite famous and has been built and abandoned repeatedly in history. The present main building was left over from Tongzhi period of Qing Dynasty. Many great writers in history, such as Li Bai, Du Fu and Guo Moruo. And Qianlong all praised the stage, which is a cultural relic. Now, Congtai Park has been built here, which has become a place for ordinary people to rest and entertain.